Karbon ve azotun sabit izotoplarının geçmiş beslenme alışkanlıkları ve geçim uygulamalarını yeniden yapılandırmak için kullanımı

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 42, 36 - 48, 28.12.2021

Benjamin Irvıne Kameray Özdemir

https://doi.org/10.33613/antropolojidergisi.1010131

Cited By: 1

Bu makale için 31 Aralık 2022 tarihinde bir düzeltme yayımlandı. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/antropolojidergisi/issue/74868/1229209

Öz

Tarihi ve arkeolojik topluluklarda beslenme geleneksel olarak etnografik, yazılı kayıtlar, arkeozoolojik ve arkeobotanik kalıntılar ve benzeri kaynaklar kullanılarak yeniden oluşturulmakla birlikte bu veri kaynakları bize yalnızca hangi kaynakların mevcut olduğunu söyleyebilir. Bununla birlikte, sabit izotop analizleri, tüketilen gıdaların geniş kategorilerinin doğrudan bir ölçümünü sağlar. İnsan ve hayvan kemiğinden özütlenen kolajenin sabit karbon ve azot izotop bileşimi, geçmiş insan topluluklarının beslenme alışkanlıklarını, geçim stratejilerindeki değişimi, göçü, ürün ve hayvan yönetimlerindeki değişiklikleri, topluluk içinde zamana, yaşa, cinsiyete veya gömü geleneğine göre beslenme varyasyonunu gözlemlemek ve sütten kesme süreci belirleyebilmek için kullanılır. Türkiye'de, sabit izotopların arkeolojik ve tarihi materyallere uygulanması nispeten geç başlamış ve ilk çalışma 2003 yılında yapılmıştır. Gelecekte, farklı bölgelerden ve zaman periyotlarından daha fazla sayıda ve daha büyük örnek setlerini analiz ederek bilgimizi ve anlayışımızı geliştirebilir ve ilerletebilir, meta veri analizi için daha büyük bir izotop veri seti oluşturabilir ve bireyler, yerleşimler, dönemler ve bölgeler arasında karşılaştırmalı çalışmalar yapabiliriz.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kemik kimyası, Arkeoloji, Paleodiyet, Tarım, hayvancılık uygulamaları

Teşekkür

Yazarlar Türkiye’de yürütülen sabit izotop çalışmalarına verdiği destek ve katkıdan dolayı Hacettepe Üniversitesi’nden Prof. Dr. Yılmaz Selim Erdal’a minnettardır. Yazarlar, ayrıca, şekillerin düzenlenmesine verdiği katkıdan dolayı Mustafa Çalkıcı’ya teşekkür eder.

Using stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen to reconstruct palaeodietary habits and subsistence practices

Bu makale için 31 Aralık 2022 tarihinde bir düzeltme yayımlandı. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/antropolojidergisi/issue/74868/1229209

Öz

Diet in historic and archaeological populations has traditionally been reconstructed using ethnographic, textual records, archaeozoological and archaeobotanical remains etc., but these data sources can tell us only what resources were available. However, stable isotope analyses provide a direct measure of the broad categories of foods that were actually exploited and consumed. Thus, stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes composition of collagen extracted from human and animal bone can be used in dietary studies of past human populations to observe changes in subsistence strategies, migration, crop and animal managements, intra-population variation in diet over time or by age, sex, burial type, and weaning process. The application of stable isotopes to archaeological and historic materials was a relatively late bloomer in Turkey, with the first study not conducted until 2003. For future perspectives, by analysing a greater number, and larger sample sets from different regions and time periods we can improve and advance our knowledge and understanding, creating a larger dataset of isotopic values for metadata analysis and cross comparisons between individuals, sites, time periods, and across regions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

bone chemistry, archaeology, palaeodiet, agriculture, animal management

Kaynakça

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