Kadınların Meme Kanseri Önleme Davranışları: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 9, 21 - 29, 30.08.2024

Derya Akça Doğan , Ayşe Serpici

https://doi.org/10.58252/artukluhealth.1522519

Öz

Giriş: Dünya genelinde kadınlar arasında en sık rastlanan kanser türü meme kanseridir. Meme kanserinin erken tespiti, kanser tedavisinde büyük bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bir üniversitede akademik ve idari personel olarak çalışan kadınların meme kanseri önleme davranışlarını etkileyen faktörleri belirlemektir.
Yöntem: Bu kesitsel çalışma, 430 kadın ile gerçekleştirildi. Veriler, çevrimiçi bir anket (Google Forms) aracılığıyla 26 Mayıs 2022 ile 18 Temmuz 2022 tarihleri arasında toplandı. Anket, bireylerin tanımlayıcı özelliklerine ilişkin bir form ve Kadınların Meme Kanseri Önleme Davranışlarını Etkileyen Faktörleri Belirleme Ölçeği’ni içermektedir.
Bulgular: Kadınların Meme Kanseri Önleme Davranışlarını Etkileyen Faktörleri Belirleme Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 117.02±17.51 olarak bulundu. Ölçekten alınabilecek minimum puanın 33 ve maksimum puanın 165 olduğu göz önüne alındığında, kadınların meme kanseri önleme davranışlarının orta düzeyin üzerinde olduğu söylenebilir. Meme kanserini önleme davranışlarını etkileyen faktörler arasında yaş, ilk doğum yaşı, eğitim düzeyi, alkol tüketimi, beden kitle indeksi, menopoz durumu, östrojen hormonu içeren tedavi alma, göğüs bölgesine radyoterapi uygulanması, kendisinde kanser öyküsü, ailesinde meme kanseri öyküsü, meme kanserinden korunmaya yönelik eğitim alma ve kendi kendine meme muayenesi yapma yer almaktadır.
Sonuç: Çalışmaya katılan kadınların meme kanseri önleme davranışları orta düzeyin üzerinde olmasına rağmen yeterli değildir. Meme kanserini önlemeye yönelik olumlu davranışların geliştirilmesi için sağlık profesyonelleri, kadınların bilgi ihtiyaçlarını belirlemeli ve bu ihtiyaçlara uygun eğitim ve danışmanlık sağlamalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Davranış, Meme kanseri, Temel sağlık hizmeti, Önleyici tedbirler, Kadın

Etik Beyan

Etik onay, veri toplama öncesinde Uludağ Üniversitesi Bursa Sağlık Araştırmaları ve Yayınları Etik Kurulu (Tarih: 27.04.2022, Sayı: 2022/04) Söz konusu anketi kullanmak için ölçeği geliştiren ilgili kişiden izin alınmış ve anket temin edilmiştir. Çalışmaya katılan tüm katılımcılardan bilgilendirilmiş onam alınmıştır. İnsan katılımcıları içeren tüm prosedürler, araştırma komitelerinin yanı sıra 1964 Helsinki Deklarasyonu ve sonraki değişikliklere veya benzer etik kurallara, ilgili kurumsal ve ulusal etik standartlara uygun olarak yürütülmüştür.

Breast Cancer Prevention Behaviors Among Women: A Cross-Sectional Study

Öz

Introduction: The most commonly encountered type of cancer among women worldwide is breast cancer. Early detection of breast cancer plays a major role in cancer treatment. This study aimed to determine the factors affecting breast cancer prevention behaviors among women working as the academic and administrative staff of a university.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 430 women. The data were collected via an online survey (Google Forms) between May 26, 2022, and July 18, 2022. The questionnaire included a form regarding the descriptive characteristics of individuals and a Scale of Factors Affecting Women’s Breast Cancer Prevention Behaviors.
Results: The women’s mean total Scale of Factors Affecting Women’s Breast Cancer Prevention Behaviors score was 117.02±17.51. Considering that the minimum score that can be obtained on the scale was 33 and the maximum score was 165, it can be interpreted that the breast cancer prevention behaviors of women were above the moderate level. The factors affecting behaviors to prevent breast cancer were age, age at first birth, education level, alcohol consumption, body mass index, menopause, receiving a treatment containing estrogen hormone, radiotherapy to the chest area, having a cancer history, having a family history of breast cancer, receiving education on prevention of breast cancer, and performing breast self-examination.
Conclusion: Although the breast cancer prevention behaviors of the women who participated in this study were above the moderate level, they were not sufficient. To develop positive behaviors to prevent breast cancer, health professionals should identify women’s information needs and provide training and counseling in line with these needs.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Behavior, Breast cancer, Primary health care, Preventive measures, Women

Etik Beyan

Ethical approval was obtained from the Health Research and Publication Ethics Committee of Bursa Uludag University (Date: 27.04.2022, REF: 2022/04) before data collection. Permission to use the aforementioned questionnaire was obtained from the respective individual who developed the scale. Informed consent was collected from all participants in the study. All procedures involving human participants were conducted in line with the ethical standards of the relevant institutional and national research committees, as well as the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its subsequent amendments or similar ethical guidelines.

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