Duygusal Yeme Bozukluklarının Ve Vücut Kütle İndeksinin Finansal Risk Alma Davranışları Üzerine Etkisi

Yıl 2022, , 432 - 449, 31.07.2022

Yusuf Bahadır Kavas , Esra Tunçer , Mustafa Necati Çoban , Mustafa Kemal Erkan

https://doi.org/10.11616/asbi.1088097

Cited By: 1

Öz

Duygusal yeme davranışı (DYD), bireylerde olumsuz duygulardaki yoğunlukla beraber gözlemlenmektedir. Bireylerin endişe, stres, korku, yalnızlık vb. durumlarda duygusal yeme davranışının arttığı bilinmektedir. Yine mutluluk da bazı durumlarda duygusal yeme bozukluğuna yol açabilmektedir. Duygusal yeme davranışı, bireyleri olumsuz yönde etkileyebilen önemli bir yeme bozukluğudur. Duygusal yeme davranışı, obeziteye yol açabilmektedir. Duygusal yeme davranışı ile birtakım değişkenler arasındaki ilişkilerin literatürde incelendiği gözlemlenmektedir. Bu çalışmada da duygusal yeme davranışı ile finansal risk toleransı (FRT) arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Belirtilen bu amaç doğrultusunda ilgili verilere ulaşabilme amacıyla anket çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kadınların duygusal yeme davranışı ve vücut kütle indekslerinin (VKI) finansal risk toleransını negatif yönde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Erkeklerin duygusal yeme davranışı finansal risk toleransını etkilemezken, vücut kütle indeksleri ise finansal risk toleransını olumlu yönde etkilemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Duygusal Yeme Bozukluğu, Finansal Risk Alma Davranışı, Davranışsal Finans

The Effect Of Emotional Eatıng Disorders And Body Mass Index On Fınancıal Risk-Taking Behaviors

Öz

Emotional eating behavior is generally observed in individuals with the intensity of negative emotions. Individuals' anxiety, stress, fear, loneliness, vd. It is known that emotional eating behavior increases in situations. Also, happiness can lead to emotional eating disorders in some cases. Emotional eating behavior is an important eating disorder that can negatively affect individuals. Emotional eating behavior can lead to obesity. It is observed that the relationships between emotional eating behavior and some variables are examined in the literature. In this study, it is aimed to investigate the relationship between emotional eating behavior and financial risk taking behaviors. In line with this stated purpose, a survey was conducted in order to reach the relevant data. Emotional eating behavior and body mass indexes of women negatively affect financial risk tolerance. While emotional eating behavior of men does not affect financial risk appetite, body mass indexes positively affect financial risk tolerance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Emotional Eating Disorders, Financial Risk-Taking Behaviors, Behavioral Finance

Kaynakça

• Addoum, J. M., Korniotis, G., ve Kumar, A. (2017). Stature, Obesity, And Portfolio Choice. Management Science, 63(10), s.3393-3413.
• Akerlof, G. A., ve Shiller, R. J. (2009). Animal Spirits: How Human Psychology Drives The Economy, And Why İt Matters For Global Capitalism. Princeton University Press, Princeton and Oxford
• Akın, A., Yıldız, B., ve Özçelik, B. (2016). Duygusal Yeme Ölçeğinin Türkçe Versiyonunun Geçerlik Ve Güvenirliği. Journal of International Social Research, 9(44).
• Anbar, A., ve Melek, E. (2010). An Empirical İnvestigation For Determining Of The Relation Between Personal Financial Risk Tolerance And Demographic Characteristic. Ege Akademik Bakış Dergisi, 10(2), s.503–522.
• Apicella, C. L., Dreber, A., Campbell, B., Gray, P. B., Hoffman, M., ve Little, A. C. (2008). Testosterone And Financial Risk Preferences. Evolution And Human Behavior, 29(6), s.384–390.
• Apovian, C. M. (2016). Obesity: Definition, Comorbidities, Causes, And Burden. Am J Manag Care, 22(7 Suppl), s176-85.
• Arslantaş, H., Dereboy, F., YükselL, R., ve İnalkaç, S. (2019). Duygusal Yeme Ölçeği’nin Türkçe Çevirisinin Geçerlik Ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 30.
• Baysal, A. B. (2011). Ankara, Hatiboğlu Yayınevi, 13. Baskı.
• Bellante, D., ve Green, C. A. (2004). Relative Risk Aversion Among The Elderly. Review of Financial Economics, 13(3), s.269–281.
• Bikas, E., Jurevičienė, D., Dubinskas, P., ve Novickytė, L. (2013). Behavioural finance: The emergence and development trends. Procedia-social and behavioral sciences, 82, 870-876.
• Blüher, M. (2019). Obesity: Global Epidemiology And Pathogenesis. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 15(5), s.288–298
• Chaulk, B., Johnson, P. J., ve Bulcroft, R. (2003). Effects Of Marriage And Children On Financial Risk Tolerance: A Synthesis Of Family Development And Prospect Theory. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 24(3), s.257–279.
• Coleman, S. (2003). Risk Tolerance And The İnvestment Behavior Of Black and Hispanic Heads of Household. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 14(2), s.43-52
• Crockford, N. (1980). An İntroduction to Risk Management. Woodhead-Faulkner.
• De Bondt, W. F., ve Thaler, R. H. (1987). Further Evidence on İnvestor Overreaction and Stock Market Seasonality. The Journal of finance, 42(3), s.557-581.
• De Ridder, D., Kroese, F., Evers, C., Adriaanse, M., Ve Gillebaart, M. (2017). Healthy Diet: Health Impact, Prevalence, Correlates, and Interventions. Psychology ve Health, 32(8), s.907–941.
• Devonport, T. J., Nicholls, W., ve Fullerton, C. (2019). A Systematic Review of the Association Between Emotions and Eating Behaviour In Normal and Overweight Adult Populations. Journal of Health Psychology, 24(1), s.3–24.
• Dickason, Z., ve Ferreira, S. J. (2018). The Effect of Age and Gender on Financial Risk Tolerance of South African investors. Invest. Manage. Financ. Innov, 15(2), s.96–103.
• Doğan, T., Tekin, E. G., ve Katrancıoğlu, A. (2011). Feeding Your Feelings: A Self-Report Measure of Emotional Eating. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, s.2074–2077.
• Eckel, C. C., ve Grossman, P. J. (2002). Sex Differences and Statistical Stereotyping In Attitudes Toward Financial Risk. Evolution and Human Behavior, 23(4), s.281–295.
• Elfhag, K. ve Rössner, S. (2005). Who Succeeds In Maintaining Weight Loss? A Conceptual Review of Factors Associated with Weight Loss Maintenance and Weight Regain. Obesity reviews, 6(1), s.67-85.
• Erkan, M. K., ve Kavas, Y. B. (2021) Boy, Obezite ve Finansal Risk Alma Davranışı. 8. Uluslararası Muhasebe Ve Finans Araştırmaları Kongresi(ICAFR), s.252-259.
• Evers, C., Marijn Stok, F. and de Ridder, D. T. D. (2010). Feeding Your Feelings: Emotion Regulation Strategies and Emotional Eating. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 36(6), s.792–804.
• Frayn, M., ve Knäuper, B. (2018). Emotional Eating and Weight In Adults: A Review. Current Psychology, 37(4), s.924-933.
• Ganley, R. M. (1989). Emotion and Eating In Obesity: A Review of the Literature. International Journal Of Eating Disorders, 8(3), s.343-361.
• Garaulet, M., Canteras, M., Morales, E., Lopez-Guimera, G., Sanchez-Carracedo, D., ve Corbalan-Tutau, M. D. (2012). Validation of A Questionnaire on Emotional Eating for Use In Cases Of Obesity: The Emotional Eater Questionnaire (EEQ). Nutr Hosp, 27(2), s.645-651.
• Gibson, E. L. (2006). Emotional İnfluences on Food Choice: Sensory, Physiological and Psychological Pathways. Physiology and Behavior, 89(1), s.53–61.
• Grable, J. E. (2000). Financial Risk Tolerance and Additional Factors That Affect Risk Taking In Everyday Money Matters. Journal of Business and Psychology, 14(4), s.625–630.
• Grable, J. E., ve Joo, S.-H. (2004). Environmental and Biophysical Factors Associated with Financial Risk Tolerance. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 15(1).
• Grable, J. E., ve Joo, S. (1999). Factors Related to Risk Tolerance: A Further Examination. Consumer Interests Annual, 45(1), s.53–58.
• Grable, J. E., ve Lytton, R. H. (2001). Investor Risk Tolerance: Testing The Efficacy of Demographics as Differentiating and Classifying Factors. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning. 9, s.61-74
• Grable, J., ve Lytton, R. H. (1999). Financial Risk Tolerance Revisited: The Development of A Risk Assessment Instrument. Financial Services Review, 8(3), s.163–181.
• Grable, J. E. and Roszkowski, M. J. (2008). The İnfluence of Mood on The Willingness to Take Financial Risks. Journal of Risk Research, 11(7), s.905–923.
• Gürbüz, S., ve Şahin, F. (2014). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık, s 271.
• Hallahan, T. A., Faff, R. W., ve McKenzie, M. D. (2004). An Empirical Investigation of Personal Financial Risk Tolerance. Financial Services Review-Greenwich-, 13(1), s.57–78.
• Hanna, S. D., Gutter, M. S., ve Fan, J. X. (2001). A Measure of Risk Tolerance Based on Economic Theory. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 12(2), s.53.
• Hanna, S. D., ve Chen, P. (1997). Subjective and Objective Risk Tolerance: Implications for Optimal Portfolios. Financial Counseling and Planning, 8(2), s.17-26
• Herbert, J. (2018). Testosterone, Cortisol and Financial Risk-Taking. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 12, s.1-17
• Hirshleifer, D., ve Shumway, T. (2003). Good Day Sunshine: Stock Returns and the Weather. The Journal of Finance, 58(3), s.1009–1032.
• Jianakoplos, N. A., ve Bernasek, A. (2006). Financial risk taking by age and birth cohort. Southern Economic Journal, s.981–1001.
• Kahneman, D. (2015). Hızlı ve Yavaş Düşünme (8. b.). (O Deniztekin, ve F. Deniztekin, Çev.) İstanbul: Varlık Yayınları
• Kannadhasan, M. (2015). Retail İnvestors’ Financial Risk Tolerance and Their Risk-Taking Behaviour: the Role of Demographics as Differentiating and Classifying Factors. IIMB Management Review, 27(3), s.175–184.
• Karakuş, S. Ş., Yıldırım, H., ve Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2016). Üç Faktörlü Yeme Ölçeğinin Türk Kültürüne Uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 15(3), s.229–237.
• Kavas Yusuf Bahadır ve Erkan Mustafa Kenan, Bireysel Yatırımcıların Finansal Okuryazarlık ve Finansal Risk Alma Toleransı. Ekev Akademi Dergisi, 89, p. 379-399. Doi: 10.5281/zenodo.6346373.
• Kishore, R. (2004). Theory of behavioural finance and its application to property market: a change in paradigm. Australian Property Journal, 38(2), 105–110.
• Koenders, P. G., ve van Strien, T. (2011). Emotional Eating, Rather Than Lifestyle Behavior, Drives Weight Gain in a Prospective Study in 1562 Employees. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 53(11), s.1287–1293.
• Konttinen, H., van Strien, T., Männistö, S., Jousilahti, P., ve Haukkala, A. (2019). Depression, Emotional Eating and Long-Term Weight Changes: A Population-Based Prospective Study. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 16(1), s.1–11.
• Kozubíková, L., Homolka, L., ve Kristalas, D. (2017). The Effect of Business Environment and Entrepreneurs’ Gender on Perception of Financial Risk in the Smes Sector. Journal of Competitiveness, 9(1), s.36-50
• Lazarevich, I., Camacho, M. E. I., del Consuelo Velázquez-Alva, M., ve Zepeda, M. Z. (2016). Relationship Among Obesity, Depression, and Emotional Eating in Young Adults. Appetite, 107, s.639–644.
• Lee, H. K., ve Hanna, S. (1991). Wealth and Stock Ownership. Proceedings of the Association for Financial Counseling and Planning Education, s.126–140.
• Leon, F. M., ve Aprilia, A. (2018). Study on Financial Risk Towards Individual Investor as Strategy to Improve Urban Community Empowerment. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 106, s.1–7.
• Levin, B. E. (2004). The Drive to Regain is Mainly in The Brain. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 287(6), s.1297-1300.
• Maccrimmon, K., ve Wehrung, D. A. (1986). The Management of Uncertainty: Taking Risks. New York, s.1-386
• Mehta, P. H., Welker, K. M., Zilioli, S., ve Carré, J. M. (2015). Testosterone and Cortisol Jointly Modulate Risk-Taking. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 56, s.88–99.
• Melanson, K. J. (2007). Dietary Factors in Reducing Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, 1(1), s.24-28.
• Micha, R., Peñalvo, J. L., Cudhea, F., Imamura, F., Rehm, C. D., ve Mozaffarian, D. (2017). Association Between Dietary Factors and Mortality from Heart Disease, Stroke and Type 2 Diabetes in the United States. Jama, 317(9), s.912–924.
• Montford, W., ve Goldsmith, R. E. (2016). How Gender and Financial Self-Efficacy Influence Investment Risk Taking. International Journal of Consumer Studies. 40(1), s.101-106.
• Nakip, M. (2006). Pazarlama araştırmaları teknikler ve (SPSS destekli) uygulamalar. Seçkin Yayıncılık, 2. Cilt, Ankara
• Njegovanović, A. (2018). Gender Differences in Financial Risk Aversion (The Role of Hormones In Financial Market). Obrazovanje Za Poduzetništvo-E4E: Znanstveno Stručni Časopis O Obrazovanju Za Poduzetništvo, 8(Special issue/Posebn), s.155–170.
• Nofsinger, J. R., Patterson, F. M., ve Shank, C. A. (2018). Decision-Making, Financial Risk Aversion, and Behavioral Biases: The Role of Testosterone and Stress. Economics and Human Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2018.01.003
• Powell, M., ve Ansic, D. (1997). Gender Differences in Risk Behaviour in Financial Decision-Making: An Experimental Analysis. Journal of Economic Psychology, 18(6), s.605–628.
• Rolison, J. J., Hanoch, Y., Wood, S., ve Liu, P.-J. (2013). Risk-Taking Differences Across The Adult Life Span: A Question of Age and Domain. Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 69(6), s.870–880.
• Ryack, K. (2011). The Impact of Family Relationships and Financial Education on Financial Risk Tolerance. Financial Services Review, 20(3), s.181-193
• Sapienza, P., Zingales, L., ve Maestripieri, D. (2009). Gender Differences In Financial Risk Aversion and Career Choices are Affected by Testosterone. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(36), 15268–15273.
• Sarwer, D. B., ve Polonsky, H. M. (2016). The Psychosocial Burden of Obesity. Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics, 45(3), s.677–688.
• Schooley, D. K., ve Worden, D. D. (1999). Investors’ Asset Allocations Versus Life-Cycle Funds. Financial Analysts Journal, 55(5), s.37–43.
• Schwarz, N. (2000). Emotion, Cognition and Decision Making. Cognition and Emotion, 14(4), s.433–440.
• Sevinçer, G. M., ve Konuk, N. (2013). Emosyonel Yeme. Journal of Mood Disorders, 3(4), s.171–178.
• Singh, M. (2014). Mood, Food and Obesity. Frontiers in Psychology, 5, 925, s.1-20
• Stanton, S. J., Reeck, C., Huettel, S. A., ve LaBar, K. S. (2014). Effects of Induced Moods on Economic Choices. Judgment and Decision Making, 9(2), s.167-175
• Sunden, A. E., ve Surette, B. J. (1998). Gender Differences in the Allocation of Assets in Retirement Savings Plans. The American Economic Review, 88(2), s.207–211.
• Sung, J., ve Hanna, S. D. (1996). Factors Related to Risk Tolerance. Financial Counseling and Planning, 7.
• Symmonds, M., Emmanuel, J. J., Drew, M. E., Batterham, R. L., ve Dolan, R. J. (2010). Metabolic State Alters Economic Decision Making Under Risk in Humans. PloS One, 5(6), e11090.
• Sulaiman, E. K. (2012). An Empirical Analysis of Financial Risk Tolerance and Demographic Features of Individual Investors. Procedia Economics and Finance, 2, s.109–115.
• Szyszka, A., ve Zielonka, P. (2007). The Disposition Effect Demonstrated on IPO Trading Volume. Icfai Journal of Behavioral Finance, Forthcoming, s.1-14
• Todd, P. M., ve Gigerenzer, G. (2003). Bounding Rationality to the World. Journal of Economic Psychology, 24(2), s.143-165.
• Upadhyay, J., Farr, O., Perakakis, N., Ghaly, W., ve Mantzoros, C. (2018). Obesity as a Disease. Medical Clinics, 102(1), s.13–33.
• Vaidya, V. (2006). Psychosocial Aspects of Obesity. Health and Treatment Strategies İn Obesity, 27, s.73-85.
• Volpe, R. P., Kotel, J. E., ve Chen, H. (2002). A Survey of Investment Literacy Among Online Investors. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 13(1), s.1-15
• Wong, A. (2011). Financial Risk Tolerance and Selected Demographic Factors: A Comparative Study in 3 Countries. Global Journal Of Finance and Banking Issues, 5(5).
• Wong, A., ve Carducci, B. (2013). Does Personality Affect Personal Financial Risk Tolerance Behavior? IUP Journal of Applied Finance, 19(3), s.5-19
• World Health Organization (2000). Report of WHO consultation 2000. 〈www.who.org) (Erişim 09.03.2022)
• World Health Organization (2020). Obesity and Overweight. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight (Erişim 09.03.2022)
• Wu, C. C., Sacchet, M. D., ve Knutson, B. (2012). Toward an Affective Neuroscience Account of Financial Risk Taking. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 6, s.1-10
• Xie, Z., Page, L., ve Hardy, B. (2017). Investigating Gender Differences Under Time Pressure in Financial Risk Taking. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 11, s.246.
• Yang, Y., Shields, G. S., Guo, C., ve Liu, Y. (2018). Executive Function Performance in Obesity and Overweight Individuals: A Meta-Analysis and Review. In Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.11.020
• Yao, R., Gutter, M. S., ve Hanna, S. D. (2005). The Financial Risk Tolerance of Blacks, Hispanics and Whites. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 16(1), s.51-62
• Zetterdahl, E., ve Hellström, J. (2015). Ladies and Gentlemen: Gender Identity and Financial Risk-Taking. s.1-46