FUTBOL ANTRENMANLARININ TSH, T3 ve T4 HORMON DÜZEYLERİNE ETKİLERİ

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 125 - 133, 30.06.2021

Mehmet Akif Sarı , Nezihe Şengün , Ragıp Pala

Öz

Bu çalışmada, 8 haftalık futbol antrenmanı öncesi ve sonrasında ölçülen TSH, T3 ve T4 hormon seviyelerinin değişimi incelenmiştir. Çalışmaya Fırat Üniversitesi erkek futbol takımında oynayan, yaş ortalamaları (21.90±2.18) yıl, spor yaş ortalamaları (10.30±1.70) yıl, vücut ağırlık ortalamaları (66.24±8.22) kg, boy ortalamaları (175.70±4.69) cm ve beden kütle indeksleri (21.37±1.72) kg/m² olan gönüllü 10 erkek futbolcu katılmıştır. 8 hafta boyunca haftada 6 gün olmak üzere 90 dakika futbol antrenmanı (10 dakika genel ısınma, 15 dakika özel ısınma, 10 dakika pas çalışmaları, 45 dakika futbola özgü koordinasyon, çeviklik, çabukluk, kondisyon, kuvvet, dayanıklılık, taktiksel çalışmalar ve 10 dakika soğuma çalışmaları) uygulanmıştır. Veriler 8 haftalık antrenman öncesi ve sonrasındaki farklılıkları ortaya koymak için SPSS paket programı yardımı ile bağımlı gruplar arası ortalamaların karşılaştırılması için kullanılan testler ile analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin normal dağılıma uygunluğu Shapiro-Wilk testi ile incelenmiştir. Verilerden normal dağılım gösterenler Bağımlı t-testi ile normal dağılım göstermeyenler ise Wilcoxon testi ile analiz edilmiştir. İstatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyi p<0.05 olarak kabul edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, 8 haftalık futbol antrenmanının, TSH, T3 ve T4 hormon düzeylerinde anlamlı düşüşe neden olduğu istatiksel olarak tespit edilmiştir (p<0.01).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Futbol, Hormon, TSH, T3, T4

Kaynakça

• 1. Abbas, M.A.M., ElBadrey, S.M., ElDeeb, A.M., & Sayed, A.M. (2019). Effect of aerobic exercises on the thyroid hormones in treated hypothyroid pregnant women. Journal of Advanced Pharmacy Education & Research| Oct-Dec, 9(4), 49-53.
• 2. Akbulut, T. (2020). Responses of uric acid, glucose, thyroid hormones and liver enzymes to aerobic and combined exercises in university students. Higher Education Studies, 10(1), 109-114.
• 3. Banerjee, A.K., Mandal, A., Chanda, D., & Chakraborti, S. (2003). Oxidant, antioxidant and physical exercise. Molecular and cellular biochemistry, 253(1-2), 307-312.
• 4. Bangsbo, J., Iaıa, J.F.M., & Krustrup, P. (2008). The Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test: A Useful tool for evaluation of physical performance in ıntermittent sports, Sports Medicine, 38(1), 37-51.
• 5. Berne, M.R., Levy, N.M., Koeppen M.B., & Stanton, B.A. (2008). Physiology (5 th ed). Çeviri: Türk Fizyolojik Bilimler Derneği. Güneş Tıp Kitabevleri, Ankara.
• 6. Beyleroglu, M. (2011). The effects of maximal aerobic exercise on cortisol and thyroid hormones in male field hockey players. African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 5(17), 2002-2006.
• 7. Boulé, N.G., Haddad, E., Kenny, G.P., Wells, G.A., & Sigal, R.J. (2001). Effects of exercise on glycemic control and body mass in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. Jama, 286(10), 1218-27.
• 8. Büyükipekçi, S., Sarıtaş, N., Soylu, M., Mistik, S., & Silici, S. (2018). Effects of royal jelly and honey mixture on some hormones in young males performing maximal strength workout. Physıcal Educatıon of Students, 22(6), 308-315.
• 9. Cinar, V., Akbulut, T., & Sarikaya, M. (2017). Effect of zinc supplement and weight lifting exercise on thyroid hormone levels. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol, 61(3), 232-236.
• 10. Dorgalaleh, A., Mahmoodi, M., & Varmaghani, B. (2013). Effect of thyroid dysfunctions on blood cell count and red blood cell indice. Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, 3(2), 73.
• 11. Ehrman, J.K., Kerrigan, D., & Keteyian, S. (2018). Advanced exercise physiology: Essential concepts and applications: Human kinetics.
• 12. Erdoğan, R. (2020). Effects of Endurance workouts on thyroid hormone metabolism and biochemical markers in athletes. Brain. Broad Research in artificial intelligence and neuroscience, 11(3), 136-146.
• 13. Fontana, L., Klein, S., Holloszy, J.O., & Premachandra, B.N. (2006). Effect of long-term calorie restriction with adequate protein and micronutrients on thyroid hormones. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 91(8), 3232-3235.
• 14. Fortunato, R.S., Ignácio, D.L., Padron, A.S., Peçanha, R., Marassi, M.P., Rosenthal, D., Werneck-de-Castro, J.P., & Carvalho, D.P. (2008). The effect of acute exercise session on thyroid hormone economy in rats. J Endocrinol, 198(2), 347-53.
• 15. Fry, A.C., & Kraemer, W.J. (1997). Resistance exercise overtraining and verreaching. Sports medicine, 23(2), 106-129.
• 16. Gonçalves, A., Resende, E.S., Fernandes, M.L.M.P., & Costa, A.M.D. (2006). Effect of thyroid hormones on cardiovascular and muscle systems and on exercise tolerance: a brief review. Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia, 87(3), 45-47.
• 17. Günay, M., Şıktar, E., Cicioğlu, İ., & Kara, E. (2018). Egzersiz-Antrenman ve Hormonal Uyumlar, Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.
• 18. Hackney, A.C., & Dobridge, J.D. (2009). Thyroid hormones and the ınterrelationship of cortisol and prolactin: Influence of prolonged, exhaustive exercise. Endokrynologia Polska, 60(4), 252-257.
• 19. Ibrahim, S., Ahmed, S.A., Ahmed, S.M., & Ahmed, S.K. (2020). Hormones and Fitness Elements: Impact of Football Training on College Student Players. Entomol Appl Sci Lett, 7(4): 102-111.
• 20. Ibrahim, S., Al-Ameer, A., Abu-Hilal, H., Allen, J., & Watkins, P. (2020). Effect of protein supplementation plus Hyper-Caloric intake and exercise on hypertrophy, hormones and energy components among underweight males. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Allied Sciences, 9(3).
• 21. İnce, İ. (2020). Metabolik bozukluklara karşı egzersiz ile ilişkili yeni bir miyokin: İrisin. Türk Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(1):44-50.
• 22. Jolliffe, J.A., Rees, K., Taylor, R.S. Thompson, D., Oldridge, N., & Ebrahim, S. (2001). Exercise-based rehabilitation for coronary heart disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 1(1), 1-65.
• 23. Kouidrat, Y., Diouf, M., Desailloud, R. & Louhou, R. (2019). Effects of a diet plus exercise program on thyroid function in patients with obesity. Metabolism open, 2, 100008.
• 24. Limanova, Z., Sonka, J., Kratochvil, O., Sonka, K., Kanka, J., & Sprynarova, S. (1983). Effects of exercise on serum cortisol and thyroid hormones. Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology, 81, 308–314.
• 25. Meckel, Y., Machnaı, O., & Elıakım, A. (2009). Relationship among repeated sprint tests, aerobic fitness, and anaerobic fitness in elite adolescent soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23(1), 163-169.
• 26. Melekoğlu, T., Sezgin, E., Işın, A., & Türk, A. (2019). The effects of a physically active lifestyle on the health of former professional football players. Sports, 7(4), 75.
• 27. Najari, F., Dadpour, B., Vahabzadeh, M., Alizadeh-Ghamsari, A., Mousavi, S. R., & Kial, I. B. (2018). Value of Blood Lactate and TSH in Predicting Length of Hospitalization and Outcome of Poisoned Patients Admitted to the ICU. Pharmacophores, 9(3), 7-12.
• 28. Norris, J.M., Langefeld, C.D., Scherzinger, A.L., Rich, S.S., Bookman, E., Beck, S.R., & Wagenknecht, L.E. (2005). Quantitative trait loci for abdominal fat and BMI in Hispanic-Americans and African-Americans: the IRAS Family study. International Journal of Obesity, 29(1), 67-77.
• 29. Ozan, M., Buzdagli, Y., Siktar, E., & Ucan, I. (2020). The Effect of protein and carbohydrate consumption during 10-week strength training on maximal strength and body composition. International Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology, 9(6), 149-159.
• 30. Pala, R., Şengün, N., & Gür, L.S. (2020). Sporcularda domates suyu takviyesinin TSH, testosteron ve insülin düzeylerine etkilerinin incelenmesi. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 22(4), 195-203.
• 31. Pancar, Z. (2020). Effects of core exercises on thyroid metabolism in men. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(4), 590-597.
• 32. Polat, M., Polat, Y., Akbulut, T., Cinar, V., & Marangoz, I. (2017). The effects of trainings applied with CoQ10 and zinc supplementation on the thyroid hormone metabolism in Soccer players, Biomedical Research, 28(16).
• 33. Şan, G., Biçer, M., Pancar, Z., & Özdal, M. (2019). The Effects of strength exercises done with bosu for 8 weeks on balance and anaerobic performance. Journal of Socıal and Humanities Sciences Research, 6(47), 4327-4334.
• 34. Tartibian, L., Byeranvand, S., Barkhordari, A., & Bazgir, B. (2020). The Effects of moderate ıntensity aerobic training on serum levels of thyroid hormones in ınactive girls. New Approaches in Sport Sciences, 2(3), 117-128.