PERİODONTOLOJİDE DENEY HAYVANI VE HASTALIK MODELLERİ

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 1, 148 - 155, 15.01.2020

Mustafa Özay Uslu , Ömer Alperen Kırmızıgül Umut Öğütücü

https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.417173

Öz

Deney
hayvanları, araştırmalarda ve biyolojik testlerde ilaç, madde, tedavi gibi
etkinliklerin, canlı organizmadaki sonuçlarının elde edilmesi için kullanılan
hayvanlardır. Deney hayvanlarının bilimsel deneylerde kullanılmaya başlamasıyla
birlikte araştırma verilerinin istenildiği kadar tekrarlanabildiği ve istenen
koşullar da yeniden elde edilebildiği görülmüştür. Bu hayvanlar sağlık
bilimleriyle ilgili birçok biyolojik testte kullanılabildiği gibi diş hekimliği
araştırmalarında da sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. 
Hayvan çalışmaları periodontal araştırmalar için yeni tedavilerin
denenmesi öncesinde tamamlayıcı özelliktedir. Hayvan modelleri hipotezlerin
doğrulanmasını mümkün kılmalı ve yenilenen yaklaşımların güvenilirliğini ve
etkinliğini ispatlamalıdır. Uygun hayvan modelinin seçimi periodonsiyumun ve
hastalığın doğasının insanlardakine benzerliğine bağlıdır.  İnsanlardaki periodontitisi modellemek için;
kemirgenler, köpekler, insan olmayan primatlar, tavşanlar gibi farklı türlerde
birçok hayvan modeli kullanılmıştır. Ancak her deney hayvan modelinin kendine
özgü avantaj ve dezavantajı bulunmaktadır. Her bir türün, farklı beslenmeleri,
ömrü, doku yapısı, alışkanlıkları, genetik özellikleri ve konak savunma
mekanizmaları olduğundan uygun deneysel modeli belirleyebilmek
zorlaşabilmektedir. Araştırmacı deney hayvan modelini oluştururken planladığı
çalışmaya uygun hayvanı ve defekt modelini seçebilecek bilgiye sahip olmalıdır.
Çalışılacak hayvanın özellikleri dikkatle incelenmelidir. Bu derlemenin amacı
periodontoloji alanındaki araştırmalar için en uygun hayvan ve hastalık
modelini tanımlamaya yardımcı olmaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Deney hayvanları, hastalık modelleri, defekt modeli

EXPERIMENTAL DISEASE AND ANIMAL MODELS IN
PERIODONTOLOGY

 ABSTRACT

Experimental
animals were used for obtaining results in living organisms of activities such
as medication, substance and treatment in research and biologic tests. It is
seen that research data as well as desired conditions can be repeated and
obtained as much as required since the beginning of use of experimental animals
in scientific experiments. While these animals can be used in many biologic
tests related to health sciences, they are also frequently used in dental
research. Animal studies are
complementary before testing new therapies for periodontal investigations. Animal
models should allow validation of hypothesis, and prove reliability and
efficiency of new approaches. Selection of suitable animal model depends on
similarity of nature of periodontium and the disease with those of human. Many
animal models have been used in different species such as rodents, dogs,
non-human primates, rabbits. However, each experimental animal model has
specific advantages and disadvantages. Determining the suitable experimental
model becomes difficult as each species has different nutrition, lifetime,
tissue structures, habits, genetic features and host defense mechanisms.
Researchers must have the adequate knowledge to select the suitable experimental
animal and defect model. Characteristics of the animal to be studied should be
carefully examined. The aim of this review is to help defining the most
suitable animal and disease models for researches in periodontology.

Key Words: Experimental animals, disease models, defect models

Anahtar Kelimeler

Deney hayvanları, hastalık modelleri

Kaynakça

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