Yeşil İmaj Ve Ağızdan Ağıza İletişimin Yeşil Otellere Fazla Ücret Ödeme Niyeti Üzerindeki Etkisi
Yıl 2020,
Cilt: 24 Sayı: 1, 249 - 261, 15.03.2020
Reyhan Arslan Ayazlar
,
Gamze Gün
Öz
Çevrede yaşanan olumsuz değişiklikler tüketicileri
daha çevre dostu tatillere yönelttiği gibi turizm endüstrisinde faaliyet
gösteren işletmelerin de çevre dostu uygulamaları işletmelerine adapte
etmelerinde etkili olmuştur. Turistik işletmelerin çevre dostu uygulamaları
başarılı bir şekilde hayata geçirmelerinde tüketici davranışlarının önemli bir
etkisi bulunmaktadır. Tüketicilerin davranışlarının belirlenmesinde
niyetlerinin öncül bir etken olduğu bilinmektedir. Tüketicilerin çevre dostu
uygulamalara fazla ücret ödeme niyetleri, davranışlarının belirleyicisi konumundadır.
Bu çalışmada tüketicilerdeki yeşil imaj algısı ve ağızdan ağıza iletişimin,
yeşil otellere fazla ücret ödeme niyeti üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmaktadır.
Araştırma kapsamında 200 üniversite öğrencisinden veri elde edilmiştir.
Araştırmada önerilen modelin test edilmesinde yapısal eşitlik modellemesi
kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonunda ağızdan ağıza iletişimin yeşil otellere fazla
ücret ödeme niyeti üzerinde bir etkisi belirlenirken, yeşil imajın fazla ücret
ödeme niyetine etki etmediği tespit edilmiştir.
Kaynakça
- Ajzen, I. (1991). The Theory of Planned Behavior, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Process, 50, 179-211.
- Ajzen, I. (2009). The Theory of Planned Behavior, http://people.umass.edu/aizen/tpb.html. Erişim tarihi: 03.08.2017
- Anderson, J.C. ve Gerbing, D.W. (1988). Structural Equation Modeling in Practice: A Review and Recommended Two-Step Approach, Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), 411-423.
- Baker, M.A., Davis, E.A. ve Weaver, P.A. (2014). Eco-friendly Attitudes, Barriers to Participation, and Differences in Behavior at Green Hotels, Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 55(1), 89-99.
- Bigne, J.E., Sanchez, M.I. ve Sanchez, J. (2001). Tourism Image, Evaluation Variables and After Purchase Behavior: Inter-Relationship, Tourism Management, 22, 607-616.
- Bilgiç, H.E. (2007). The Effect of Store Athmosphere on Store Loyalty Intentions of Department Store Customers in İstanbul, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
- Bohdanowicz, P. (2005). European Hoteliers’ Environmental Attitudes: Greening the Business, Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 46(2), 188- 204.
- Butler, J. (2008.) The Compelling “Hard Case” for “Green” Hotel Development”, Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 49, 234-244.
- Buttle, F.A. (1998). Word of Mouth: Understanding and Managing Referral Marketing, Journal of Strategic Marketing, 6(3), 241-254.
- Chan, E.S.W. (2013). Gap Analysis of Green Hotel Marketing, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 25(7), 1017-1048.
- Chen, T. B. ve Chai, L. T. (2010). Attitude Towards the Environment and Green Products: Consumers’ Perspective, Management Science and Engineering, 4(2), 27-39.
- Chen, K. Y. ve Wang, C. H. (2010). Structural Equation Modeling Analysis Practices: The Application of AMOS, Wu-Nan Book Inc, Tapei, Taiwan.
- Chen, M-F. Ve Tung, P-J. (2014). Developing an Extended Theory of Planned Behavior Model to Predict Consumers’ Intention to Visit Green Hotels, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 36, 221-230.
- Comrey, A. ve Lee, H. (1992). A First Course in Factor Analysis, Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
- Finney, S. J. ve Distefano, C. (2006). Non-Normal and Categorical Data in Structural Equation Modeling, Structural Equation Modeling: A Second Course (Ed. G. R. Hancock ve R. O. Mueller). Information Age Publishing, Greenwich.
- Fornell, C. ve Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error, Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
- Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J. ve Anderson, R. E. (2014) Multivariate Data Analysis, Seventh Edition, Pearson New International Edition, England.
- Han, H., Hsu, L-T. ve Lee, J-S. (2009). Empirical Investigation of the Roles of Attitudes Toward Green Behaviours, Overall Image, Gender, and Age in Hotel Customers’ Eco-Friendly Decision-Making Process, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 28(4), 519–528.
- Han, H. ve Kim, Y. (2010). An Investigation of Green Hotel Customers’ Decision Formation: Developing an Extended Model of the Theory of Planned Behavior, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 29, 659-668.
- Han, H., Hsu, L-T.J. ve Sheu, C. (2010). Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior to Green Hotel Choice: Testing the Effect of Environmental Friendly Activities, Tourism Management, 31, 325-334.
- Han, H., Hsu, L-T.J., Lee, J-S. ve Sheu, C. (2011). Are Lodging Customers Ready to Go Green? An Examination of Attitudes, Demographics, and Eco-Friendly Intentions, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30, 345-355.
- Han, H. ve Ryu, K. (2012). The Theory of Repurchase Decision-Making (TRD): Identifying the Critical Factors in the Post-Purchase Decision-Making Process, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31, 786-797.
- Hu, H-H. (2012). The Effectiveness of Environmental Advertising in the Hotel Industry, Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 53(2), 154-164.
- Kalaycı, Ş. (2006). SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri, 2. Baskı, Asil Yayınevi, Ankara.
- Kelly, J., Haider, W., Williams, P.W. ve Englund, K. (2007). Stated Preferences of Tourists for Eco- Efficient Destination Planning Options, Tourism Management, 28(2), 377–390.
- Kim, Y. ve Han, H. (2010). Intention to Pay Conventional-Hotel Prices at a Green Hotel – A Modification of the Theory of Planned Behavior, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18(8), 997-1014.
- Kim, Y.J., Njite, D. ve Hançer, M. (2013). Anticipated Emotion in Consumers’ Intentions to Select Eco-Friendly Restaurants: Augmenting the Theory of Planned Behavior, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 34, 255-262.
- Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling, Third Edition, Guiflord Press, NY.
- Kong, H., Cheung, C. ve Song, H. (2012). Determinants and Outcome of Career Competencies: Perspectives of Hotel Managers in China, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31, 712-719.
- Kotler, P. ve Gertner, D. (2002). Country as Brand, Product, and Beyond: A Place Marketing and Brand Management Perspective, Journal of Brand Management, 9, 249-261.
- Kotler, P. (2011). Reinventing Marketing to Manage the Environmental Imperative, Journal of Marketing, 75, 132-135.
- Kubickova, M., Parsa, H. G., Nusair, K. ve Hu, H-H. (2015). Does Green Hotel Image Infleunce Guests’ Behavior: The case of Generation Y, Journal of Services Research, 14(2), 9-32.
- Laroche, M., Bergeron, J. ve Barbaro-Forleo, G. (2001). Targeting Consumers Who are Willing to Pay More for Environmentally Friendly Products, Journal of Consumer Marketing, 18(6), 503-520.
- Lee, T.H. (2009). A Structural Model to Examine How Destination Image, Attitude, and Motivation Affect the Future Behavior of Tourists, Leisure Sciences: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 31(3), 215-236.
- Lee, J-S., Hsu, L-T.J., Han, H. ve Kim, Y. (2010). Understanding How Consumers View Green Hotels: How a Hotel’s Green Image can Influence Behavioural Intentions, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18(7), 901-914.
- Lusch, R. F. ve Vargo, S. L. (2006). Service-Dominant Logic: Reactions, Reflections and Refinements, Marketing Theory, 6(3), 281–28.
- MacCallum, R.C., Widaman, K.F., Zhang, S. ve Hong, S. (1999). Sample size in factor analysis, Pyschological Methods, 4(1), 84-99.
- Manaktola, K. ve Jauhari, V. (2007.) Exploring Consumer Attitude and Behavior Towards Green Practices in the Lodging Industry in India, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 19(5), 364-377.
- Martinez, P. (2015). Customer Loyalty: Exploring its Antecedents from a Green Marketing Perspective, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 27(5), 896-917.
- Mattila, A.S. (2001). The Effectiveness of Service Recovery in a Multi-Industry Setting, Journal of Services Marketing, 15(7), 583-596.
- Moisander, J. (2007). Motivational Complexity of Green Consumerism, International Journal of Consumer Studies, 31(4), 404-409.
- Peter, J.P. ve Olson, J.C. (2008). Consumer Behaviour and Marketing Strategy, 8. Baskı, New York: McGrawe-Hills Companies Inc.
- Sánchez-Ollero J.L., García-Pozo, A. ve Marchante-Mera, A. (2014). How Does Respect for the Environment Affect Final Prices in the Hospitality Sector? A Hedonic Pricing Approach, Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 55(1), 31-39.
- Shukla, P. (2011). Impact of Interpersonal Influences, Brand Origin and Brand Image on Luxury Pruchase Intentions: Measuring Interfunctional Interactions and a Cross-National Comparison, Journal of World Business, 46(2), 242-252.
- Stylidis, D., Biran, A., Sit, J. ve Szivas, E. M: (2014). Residents’ Support for Tourism Development: The Role of Residents’ Place Image and Perceived Tourism Impacts, Tourism Management, 45, 260-274.
- Teng, C-C., Horng, J-S., Hu, M-L., Chien, L-H. ve Shen Y-C. (2012). Developing Energy Conservation and Carbon Reduction Indicators for the Hotel Industry in Taiwan, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31(1), 199–208.
- Ustasüleyman T. ve Eyüboğlu, K. (2010). Bireylerin İnternet Bankacılığını Benimsemesini Etkileyen Faktörlerin Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli ile Belirlenmesi, BDDK Bankacılık ve Finansal Piyasalar, 4(2), 11-38.
- Yap, B.W. ve Khong, K.W. (2006). Examining the Effects of Customer Service Management (CSM) on Percived Business Performance via Structural Equation Modelling, Applied Stochastic Models in Business and Industry, 22, 587-605.
The Effects of Green Image and Word-Of-Mouth (WOM) on Willingness to Pay More for Green Hotels
Yıl 2020,
Cilt: 24 Sayı: 1, 249 - 261, 15.03.2020
Reyhan Arslan Ayazlar
,
Gamze Gün
Öz
The negative changes in environment direct customers
environmental friendly vacations as well as impact business in tourism industry
adapting environmental friendly practices to their companies. Customer
behaviors have an important effect on the success of environmental friendly
applications in tourism businesses. It is widely known that intention is premises
of customer behaviors. Customers’ willingness to pay more for environmental
friendly applications leads their behavior. The effects of green image and
word-of-mouth (WOM) on customers willingness to pay more for green hotels are
investigated in this study. The data was gathered from 200 university students.
Structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed in order to test the proposed
model in the study. According to SEM results, while word-of-mouth affects the
customers’ willingness to pay more for green hotels, the effect of green image
on willingness to pay more have not been revealed.
Kaynakça
- Ajzen, I. (1991). The Theory of Planned Behavior, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Process, 50, 179-211.
- Ajzen, I. (2009). The Theory of Planned Behavior, http://people.umass.edu/aizen/tpb.html. Erişim tarihi: 03.08.2017
- Anderson, J.C. ve Gerbing, D.W. (1988). Structural Equation Modeling in Practice: A Review and Recommended Two-Step Approach, Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), 411-423.
- Baker, M.A., Davis, E.A. ve Weaver, P.A. (2014). Eco-friendly Attitudes, Barriers to Participation, and Differences in Behavior at Green Hotels, Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 55(1), 89-99.
- Bigne, J.E., Sanchez, M.I. ve Sanchez, J. (2001). Tourism Image, Evaluation Variables and After Purchase Behavior: Inter-Relationship, Tourism Management, 22, 607-616.
- Bilgiç, H.E. (2007). The Effect of Store Athmosphere on Store Loyalty Intentions of Department Store Customers in İstanbul, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
- Bohdanowicz, P. (2005). European Hoteliers’ Environmental Attitudes: Greening the Business, Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 46(2), 188- 204.
- Butler, J. (2008.) The Compelling “Hard Case” for “Green” Hotel Development”, Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 49, 234-244.
- Buttle, F.A. (1998). Word of Mouth: Understanding and Managing Referral Marketing, Journal of Strategic Marketing, 6(3), 241-254.
- Chan, E.S.W. (2013). Gap Analysis of Green Hotel Marketing, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 25(7), 1017-1048.
- Chen, T. B. ve Chai, L. T. (2010). Attitude Towards the Environment and Green Products: Consumers’ Perspective, Management Science and Engineering, 4(2), 27-39.
- Chen, K. Y. ve Wang, C. H. (2010). Structural Equation Modeling Analysis Practices: The Application of AMOS, Wu-Nan Book Inc, Tapei, Taiwan.
- Chen, M-F. Ve Tung, P-J. (2014). Developing an Extended Theory of Planned Behavior Model to Predict Consumers’ Intention to Visit Green Hotels, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 36, 221-230.
- Comrey, A. ve Lee, H. (1992). A First Course in Factor Analysis, Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
- Finney, S. J. ve Distefano, C. (2006). Non-Normal and Categorical Data in Structural Equation Modeling, Structural Equation Modeling: A Second Course (Ed. G. R. Hancock ve R. O. Mueller). Information Age Publishing, Greenwich.
- Fornell, C. ve Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error, Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
- Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J. ve Anderson, R. E. (2014) Multivariate Data Analysis, Seventh Edition, Pearson New International Edition, England.
- Han, H., Hsu, L-T. ve Lee, J-S. (2009). Empirical Investigation of the Roles of Attitudes Toward Green Behaviours, Overall Image, Gender, and Age in Hotel Customers’ Eco-Friendly Decision-Making Process, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 28(4), 519–528.
- Han, H. ve Kim, Y. (2010). An Investigation of Green Hotel Customers’ Decision Formation: Developing an Extended Model of the Theory of Planned Behavior, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 29, 659-668.
- Han, H., Hsu, L-T.J. ve Sheu, C. (2010). Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior to Green Hotel Choice: Testing the Effect of Environmental Friendly Activities, Tourism Management, 31, 325-334.
- Han, H., Hsu, L-T.J., Lee, J-S. ve Sheu, C. (2011). Are Lodging Customers Ready to Go Green? An Examination of Attitudes, Demographics, and Eco-Friendly Intentions, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30, 345-355.
- Han, H. ve Ryu, K. (2012). The Theory of Repurchase Decision-Making (TRD): Identifying the Critical Factors in the Post-Purchase Decision-Making Process, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31, 786-797.
- Hu, H-H. (2012). The Effectiveness of Environmental Advertising in the Hotel Industry, Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 53(2), 154-164.
- Kalaycı, Ş. (2006). SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri, 2. Baskı, Asil Yayınevi, Ankara.
- Kelly, J., Haider, W., Williams, P.W. ve Englund, K. (2007). Stated Preferences of Tourists for Eco- Efficient Destination Planning Options, Tourism Management, 28(2), 377–390.
- Kim, Y. ve Han, H. (2010). Intention to Pay Conventional-Hotel Prices at a Green Hotel – A Modification of the Theory of Planned Behavior, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18(8), 997-1014.
- Kim, Y.J., Njite, D. ve Hançer, M. (2013). Anticipated Emotion in Consumers’ Intentions to Select Eco-Friendly Restaurants: Augmenting the Theory of Planned Behavior, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 34, 255-262.
- Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling, Third Edition, Guiflord Press, NY.
- Kong, H., Cheung, C. ve Song, H. (2012). Determinants and Outcome of Career Competencies: Perspectives of Hotel Managers in China, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31, 712-719.
- Kotler, P. ve Gertner, D. (2002). Country as Brand, Product, and Beyond: A Place Marketing and Brand Management Perspective, Journal of Brand Management, 9, 249-261.
- Kotler, P. (2011). Reinventing Marketing to Manage the Environmental Imperative, Journal of Marketing, 75, 132-135.
- Kubickova, M., Parsa, H. G., Nusair, K. ve Hu, H-H. (2015). Does Green Hotel Image Infleunce Guests’ Behavior: The case of Generation Y, Journal of Services Research, 14(2), 9-32.
- Laroche, M., Bergeron, J. ve Barbaro-Forleo, G. (2001). Targeting Consumers Who are Willing to Pay More for Environmentally Friendly Products, Journal of Consumer Marketing, 18(6), 503-520.
- Lee, T.H. (2009). A Structural Model to Examine How Destination Image, Attitude, and Motivation Affect the Future Behavior of Tourists, Leisure Sciences: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 31(3), 215-236.
- Lee, J-S., Hsu, L-T.J., Han, H. ve Kim, Y. (2010). Understanding How Consumers View Green Hotels: How a Hotel’s Green Image can Influence Behavioural Intentions, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18(7), 901-914.
- Lusch, R. F. ve Vargo, S. L. (2006). Service-Dominant Logic: Reactions, Reflections and Refinements, Marketing Theory, 6(3), 281–28.
- MacCallum, R.C., Widaman, K.F., Zhang, S. ve Hong, S. (1999). Sample size in factor analysis, Pyschological Methods, 4(1), 84-99.
- Manaktola, K. ve Jauhari, V. (2007.) Exploring Consumer Attitude and Behavior Towards Green Practices in the Lodging Industry in India, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 19(5), 364-377.
- Martinez, P. (2015). Customer Loyalty: Exploring its Antecedents from a Green Marketing Perspective, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 27(5), 896-917.
- Mattila, A.S. (2001). The Effectiveness of Service Recovery in a Multi-Industry Setting, Journal of Services Marketing, 15(7), 583-596.
- Moisander, J. (2007). Motivational Complexity of Green Consumerism, International Journal of Consumer Studies, 31(4), 404-409.
- Peter, J.P. ve Olson, J.C. (2008). Consumer Behaviour and Marketing Strategy, 8. Baskı, New York: McGrawe-Hills Companies Inc.
- Sánchez-Ollero J.L., García-Pozo, A. ve Marchante-Mera, A. (2014). How Does Respect for the Environment Affect Final Prices in the Hospitality Sector? A Hedonic Pricing Approach, Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 55(1), 31-39.
- Shukla, P. (2011). Impact of Interpersonal Influences, Brand Origin and Brand Image on Luxury Pruchase Intentions: Measuring Interfunctional Interactions and a Cross-National Comparison, Journal of World Business, 46(2), 242-252.
- Stylidis, D., Biran, A., Sit, J. ve Szivas, E. M: (2014). Residents’ Support for Tourism Development: The Role of Residents’ Place Image and Perceived Tourism Impacts, Tourism Management, 45, 260-274.
- Teng, C-C., Horng, J-S., Hu, M-L., Chien, L-H. ve Shen Y-C. (2012). Developing Energy Conservation and Carbon Reduction Indicators for the Hotel Industry in Taiwan, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31(1), 199–208.
- Ustasüleyman T. ve Eyüboğlu, K. (2010). Bireylerin İnternet Bankacılığını Benimsemesini Etkileyen Faktörlerin Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli ile Belirlenmesi, BDDK Bankacılık ve Finansal Piyasalar, 4(2), 11-38.
- Yap, B.W. ve Khong, K.W. (2006). Examining the Effects of Customer Service Management (CSM) on Percived Business Performance via Structural Equation Modelling, Applied Stochastic Models in Business and Industry, 22, 587-605.