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On Metalepsis

Yıl 2019, Sayı: 66, 141 - 154, 15.09.2019
https://doi.org/10.14222/Turkiyat4160

Öz

Metalepsis is a term originated in ancient legal discourse and integrated into narrative theory by Gérard Genette to describe crossovers between narrative levels. Defined as “any intrusion by the extradiegetic narrator or narratee into the diegetic universe (or by the diegetic characters into a metadiegetic universe, etc.) or the inverse” by Genette, metalepsis has gained popularity in recent years due to its extensive usage in postmodern fiction and popular culture. Since Genette’s definition, various typologies of metalepsis have been devised by narratologists and literary scholars such as Monika Fludernik, Marie-Laure Ryan, Dorrit Cohn, Klaus Meyer-Minnemann, Sabine Schlickers etc. As a narrative tool which challenges the hierarchical organization and violates the boundaries between levels, metalepsis can have different effects and functions depending on the contexts in which it occurs. In this paper the definition and origin of metalepsis, different typologies of metalepsis (Genette, Ryan, Fludernik, Cohn, Meyer-Minnemann and Schlickers, Bell and Alber), functions and postmodern usages of metalepsis will be discussed respectively.

Kaynakça

  • Acquien, Michèle ve Georges Molinié. (1996). “Métalepse”. Dictionnaire de rhétorique et de poétique. La Pochothèque, 247-248. Bell, Alice ve Jan Alber. (2012). “Ontological Metalepsis and Unnatural Narratology”. Journal of Narrative Theory. 42.2 Summer, 166-192. Cohn, Dorrit. (2012). “Metalepsis and Mise en Abyme”. çev. Lewis S. Gleich. Narrative, Vol 20, No. 1, 105-114. Fludernik, Monika. (1996). Towards a Natural Narratology. Routledge. Fludernik, Monika. (2003). “Scene Shift, Metalepsis, and the Metaleptic Mode”. Style, Vol. 37, No. 4, 382-400. Fludernik, Monika. (2009). An Introduction to Narratology. Routledge. Fontanier, Pierre. (1977). “Métalepse”. Les figures du discours. Champs classiques, 127-128. Genette, Gérard. (1980). Narrative Discourse. (Çev. Jane E. Lewin). New York: Cornell University Press. Genette, Gérard. (2004). Métalepse: De la figure à la fiction. Paris: Éditions du Seuil. Hanebeck, Julian. (2017). Understanding Metalepsis: The Hermeneutics of Narrative Transgression. Berlin/Boston: Walter de Gruyter. Jahn, Manfred. (2012). Anlatıbilim: Anlatı Teorisi El Kitabı. (Çev. Bahar Dervişcemaloğlu). İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Kearns, Michael. (1999). Rhetorical Narratology. University of Nebraska Press. Kukkonen, Karin ve Sonja Klimek (Ed.). (2011). Metalepsis in Popular Culture. Berlin/New York: Walter de Gruyter. McHale, Brian. (1987). Postmodernist Fiction. Routledge. Meyer-Minnemann Klaus ve Sabine Schlickers. (2010). “La mise en abyme en narratologie”. Narratologies Contemporaines, John Pier ve Francis Berthelot (Ed.). Paris: Éditions des Archives Contemporaines, 91-108. Pier, John ve Jean-Marie Schaeffer (Ed.). (2005). Métalepses: Entorses au pacte de la représentation. Paris: Editions de l‘Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales. Pier, John. (2008). “Metalepsis”. Routledge Encyclopedia of Narrative Theory. David Herman, Marie-Laure Ryan ve Manfred Jahn (Ed.). Routledge, 303, 304. Pier, John. (2009). “Metalepsis”. Handbook of Narratology. Peter Hühn, John Pier, Wolf Schmid ve Jörg Schonert (Ed.). Berlin/New York: Walter de Gruyter, 190-204. Pier, John. (2016). “Metalepsis”. The Living Handbook of Narratology. Peter Hühn, John Pier, Wolf Schmid, Jan Christoph Meister (Ed.). Hamburg University, http://www.lhn.uni-hamburg.de/article/metalepsis-revised-version-uploaded-13-july-2016 (Son Erişim Tarihi: 10.03.2019). Prince, Gerald. (2003). “Metalepsis”. A Dictionary of Narratology. University of Nebraska Press, 50, 51. Ryan, Marie-Laure. (2006). Avatars of Story. Minneapolis/London: University of Minnesota Press.

Metalepsis Üzerine

Yıl 2019, Sayı: 66, 141 - 154, 15.09.2019
https://doi.org/10.14222/Turkiyat4160

Öz

Metalepsis, antik dönemdeki hukukî söylemden kaynaklanan ve Gérard Genette tarafından anlatı düzeyleri arasındaki geçişleri betimlemek için anlatı teorisine transfer edilen bir terimdir. Genette tarafından “ekstradiegetik anlatıcının ya da kurgusal okuyucu/dinleyicinin (“anlatılan”ın) diegetik dünyaya (ya da diegetik karakterlerin meta-diegetik dünyaya) izinsiz bir giriş yapması ya da bunun tam tersi” olarak tanımlanan metalepsis, postmodern kurmacadaki ve popüler kültürdeki yaygın kullanımına bağlı olarak son yıllarda büyük bir popülerlik kazanmıştır. Genette’in metalepsis tasnifini müteakiben Monika Fludernik, Marie-Laure Ryan, Dorrit Cohn, Klaus Meyer-Minnemann, Sabine Schlickers gibi anlatıbilimciler ve edebiyat araştırmacıları tarafından birçok farklı tasnif yapılmıştır. Hiyerarşik düzene meydan okuyan ve düzeyler arasındaki sınırları ihlal eden bir anlatısal araç olarak metalepsisin etkileri ve işlevleri kullanıldığı bağlama göre değişiklik arz edebilmektedir. Bu makalede sırasıyla metalepsisin tanımı ve kaynağı, çeşitli araştırmacıların (Genette, Ryan, Fludernik, Cohn, Meyer-Minnemann ve Schlickers, Bell ve Alber) yaptığı metalepsis tasnifleri, metalepsisin işlevleri ve postmodern kullanımları ele alınacaktır. 

Kaynakça

  • Acquien, Michèle ve Georges Molinié. (1996). “Métalepse”. Dictionnaire de rhétorique et de poétique. La Pochothèque, 247-248. Bell, Alice ve Jan Alber. (2012). “Ontological Metalepsis and Unnatural Narratology”. Journal of Narrative Theory. 42.2 Summer, 166-192. Cohn, Dorrit. (2012). “Metalepsis and Mise en Abyme”. çev. Lewis S. Gleich. Narrative, Vol 20, No. 1, 105-114. Fludernik, Monika. (1996). Towards a Natural Narratology. Routledge. Fludernik, Monika. (2003). “Scene Shift, Metalepsis, and the Metaleptic Mode”. Style, Vol. 37, No. 4, 382-400. Fludernik, Monika. (2009). An Introduction to Narratology. Routledge. Fontanier, Pierre. (1977). “Métalepse”. Les figures du discours. Champs classiques, 127-128. Genette, Gérard. (1980). Narrative Discourse. (Çev. Jane E. Lewin). New York: Cornell University Press. Genette, Gérard. (2004). Métalepse: De la figure à la fiction. Paris: Éditions du Seuil. Hanebeck, Julian. (2017). Understanding Metalepsis: The Hermeneutics of Narrative Transgression. Berlin/Boston: Walter de Gruyter. Jahn, Manfred. (2012). Anlatıbilim: Anlatı Teorisi El Kitabı. (Çev. Bahar Dervişcemaloğlu). İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları. Kearns, Michael. (1999). Rhetorical Narratology. University of Nebraska Press. Kukkonen, Karin ve Sonja Klimek (Ed.). (2011). Metalepsis in Popular Culture. Berlin/New York: Walter de Gruyter. McHale, Brian. (1987). Postmodernist Fiction. Routledge. Meyer-Minnemann Klaus ve Sabine Schlickers. (2010). “La mise en abyme en narratologie”. Narratologies Contemporaines, John Pier ve Francis Berthelot (Ed.). Paris: Éditions des Archives Contemporaines, 91-108. Pier, John ve Jean-Marie Schaeffer (Ed.). (2005). Métalepses: Entorses au pacte de la représentation. Paris: Editions de l‘Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales. Pier, John. (2008). “Metalepsis”. Routledge Encyclopedia of Narrative Theory. David Herman, Marie-Laure Ryan ve Manfred Jahn (Ed.). Routledge, 303, 304. Pier, John. (2009). “Metalepsis”. Handbook of Narratology. Peter Hühn, John Pier, Wolf Schmid ve Jörg Schonert (Ed.). Berlin/New York: Walter de Gruyter, 190-204. Pier, John. (2016). “Metalepsis”. The Living Handbook of Narratology. Peter Hühn, John Pier, Wolf Schmid, Jan Christoph Meister (Ed.). Hamburg University, http://www.lhn.uni-hamburg.de/article/metalepsis-revised-version-uploaded-13-july-2016 (Son Erişim Tarihi: 10.03.2019). Prince, Gerald. (2003). “Metalepsis”. A Dictionary of Narratology. University of Nebraska Press, 50, 51. Ryan, Marie-Laure. (2006). Avatars of Story. Minneapolis/London: University of Minnesota Press.
Toplam 1 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Bahar Dervişcemaloğlu 0000-0003-1313-991X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Eylül 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Sayı: 66

Kaynak Göster

APA Dervişcemaloğlu, B. (2019). Metalepsis Üzerine. Journal of Turkish Research Institute(66), 141-154. https://doi.org/10.14222/Turkiyat4160