Brittle Ware Pots from Dara (Anastasiopolis)

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 72, 91 - 117, 05.09.2021

Murat Tosun

https://doi.org/10.14222/Turkiyat4502

Öz

The ancient city of Dara, located on the southern part of the Tur’ Abdin Mountains in the Upper Mesopotamia Region, provides very important information with the researches made in recent years. Thanks to the excavations carried out in Dara so far, it has been understood that many Brittle Ware ceramics, which are thought to be specific to the Levant and Syria Regions, are also very intense in the Upper Mesopotamia Region. Ceramics, called Brittle Ware or Gevrek Mallar in Turkish, were produced for the purpose of liquid cookings. Intense forms such as bowl, pot, stewpot and pan are seen; However, there are a few examples such as pitcher and jug. Generally thin-walled, fragile; However, these heat-resistant ceramics vary in color depending on the well-fired and fired status. The examples with different typological and additive features found in the VIth century A.D. layers in Dara reveal that the studies up to date should be reviewEd. 15 different forms were identified in 42 studied Brittle Ware pots in Dara. These ceramics are generally dated to a small number of the Late Hellenistic-Early Roman Period, and a large number to the Eastern Roman Empire Period. Especially in Dara, with both coin findings and carbon results, many Brittle Ware samples are also very important in terms of being able to give a clear date like the VIth century A.D.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dara (Anastasiopolis), Upper Mesopotamia, Levant-Syria, Hellenistic-Roman-Eastern Roman Empire Period, Brittle Ware, Pot

Dara’dan (Anastasiopolis) Brittle Ware Çömlekler

Öz

Öz
Yukarı Mezopotamya Bölgesi’nde Tur’ Abdin Dağları’nın güney eteğinde yer alan Dara Antik kenti son yıllarda yapılan araştırmalar ile oldukça önemli bilgiler sağlamaktadır. Dara’da şu ana kadar yapılan kazı çalışmaları sayesinde çok sayıda Levant ve Suriye Bölgeleri’ne özgü olduğu düşünülen Brittle Ware seramiklerin Yukarı Mezopotamya Bölgesi’nde de oldukça yoğun olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Brittle Ware ya da Türkçe karşılığı Gevrek Mallar olarak adlandırılabilecek seramikler, kullanım amacı daha çok sıvı yemekleri pişirmek amaçlı üretilmişlerdir. Yoğun olarak çanak, çömlek, tencere, tava gibi formları görülür; ancak az sayıda sürahi, testi gibi örnekleri de mevcuttur. Genel olarak ince cidarlı, kırılgan; fakat ısıya dayanıklı olan bu seramikler, iyi pişmiş ve pişme durumuna göre renkleri değişkenlik göstermektedir. Dara’da MS VI. yüzyıl tabakalarında ele geçen farklı tipolojik ve katkı maddesi özellikli örnekler, bugüne kadar ki çalışmaların yeniden gözden geçirilmesi gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Dara’da 42 adet çalışılmış Brittle Ware çömleklerinde 15 farklı form tespit edilmiştir. Bu seramikler, genel olarak az sayıda Geç Hellenistik-Erken Roma Dönemi’ne, çok sayıda ise Doğu Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi’ne tarihlenmektedir. Özellikle Dara’da hem sikke bulguları hem de karbon sonuçları ile çok sayıda Brittle Ware örneği, MS VI. yüzyıl gibi net bir tarihe verilebilmesi bakımından da oldukça önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dara (Anastasiopolis), Yukarı Mezopotamya, Levant-Suriye, Hellenistik-Roma-Doğu Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi, Brittle Ware, Çömlek

Kaynakça

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