Esmer ve Siyah Alaca Sağmal İnekler ile Düvelerde İki Farklı Yemleme Programının Karşılaştırılması

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 48 Sayı: 1, 51 - 56, 09.06.2017

Olcay Güler Naci Tüzemen Mete Yanar , Binali Çomaklı Mustafa Tan Ömer Akbulut Jale Metin Recep Aydın Rıdvan Koçyiğit

https://doi.org/10.17097/ataunizfd.320342

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amaçları, 2 farklı yemleme
programının; i) 20 adet Siyah Alaca ve 20 adet Esmer sığırda 144 günlük deneme
süresince süt verimi ve kompozisyonu ile duyusal özellikleri üzerine etkilerini
1. denemede değerlendirmek, ii) 18 adet Esmer ve 14 adet Siyah Alaca düvenin 90
gün boyunca gelişme performanslarını 2. denemede karşılaştırmaktır. Birinci
denemede, yemleme programları [(i) mısır silajı (25.0 kg/baş/gün) ile sınırlı
miktarda kuru ot (5.0 kg/baş/gün) ve 4.5 kg/baş/gün kesif yem (MS yemleme
programı); (ii) kuru ot (10,0 kg/baş/gün) ve 4.5 kg/baş/gün kesif yem (KO
yemleme programı)] günlük süt verimi ile süt yağı, kuru madde ve yağsız kuru
madde oranlarını önemli derecede etkilememiştir. Farklı yemleme programlarının
sütün duyusal özellikleri üzerine etkileri önemli olmayıp, silaj içeren
rasyonla yapılan yemleme, sütün duyusal özellikleri üzerine herhangi bir
olumsuz etkiye neden olmamıştır. İkinci denemede, DMS yemleme programındaki
[mısır silajı (10.0 kg/baş/gün) ile sınırlı miktarda kuru ot (2.0 kg/baş/gün)
ve 2.0 kg/ baş/gün kesif yem] düveler, DKO programındakilere [kuru ot (6.0
kg/baş/gün) ve 2.0 kg/baş/gün kesif yem] göre % 49.7 oranında daha yüksek
toplam canlı ağırlık artışı sağlamışlardır. DMS yemleme programındaki düvelerin
ortalama yemden yararlanma oranları önemli ölçüde daha iyi bulunmuştur. Sonuç
olarak, incelenen her iki yemleme programı Esmer ve Siyah Alaca ineklerin günlük
süt verimi ile sütün kompozisyonu ve duyusal özellikleri üzerine önemli
etkilerde bulunmazken, DMS yemleme programı düveler için tavsiye edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mısır silajı, günlük süt verimi, sütün duyusal özellikleri, canlı ağırlık artışı

Comparison of Two Different Feeding Programs For Brown Swiss And Holstein Friesian Lactating Cows And Heifers

Öz

Purposes of the study were; i) to evaluate the effects of 2 different
feeding programs on the yield, composition and organoleptic properties of milk
from 20 Brown Swiss (BS) and 20 Holstein Friesian (HF) cows during 144 days in
the trial 1, ii) to compare the growth performance of the 18 BS and 14 HF
heifers during 90 days in the trial 2. In trial 1, feeding schedules [( i) corn
silage (25.0 kg/head/day) plus limited amount of dry hay (5.0 kg/head/day) and
4.5 kg/head/day of concentrate (CS feeding program);
ii) all dry hay (10.0 kg/head/day) and 4.5 kg/head/day of concentrate (DH
feeding program)] did not significantly affect on daily milk yield as well as
percentages of fat, dry matter and non-fat dry matter of the milk. The
influence of the different feeding programs on the sensorial features of the
milk was not significant, and feeding silage based ration did not cause any
adverse effect on the organoleptic properties of the milk. In trial 2, heifers
in the HCS feeding program [corn silage (10.0 kg/head/day) plus limited amount
of dry hay (2.0 kg/head/day) and 2.0 kg/head/day of concentrate] had 49.7 % higher total weight gain than those in HDH
feeding program [all dry hay (6.0 kg/head/day) and 2.0 kg/head/day of
concentrate]. The average feed efficiency ratio for heifers fed in HCS feeding
program was also improved considerably. In conclusion, HCS feeding program could be suggested for HF and BS
heifers, although both feeding programs studied did not result in significant
influence on the daily milk yield as well as milk composition and sensorial
properties of the milk from HF and BS cows.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Corn silage, daily milk yield, organoleptic properties of milk, weight gain

Kaynakça

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