Portakalda Antraknoz Hastalığı Etmeni Colletotrichum gloeosporioides’in Biyolojik Mücadele İmkanlarının Araştırılması

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 50 Sayı: 3, 282 - 291, 22.09.2019

Nasibe Tekiner , Elif Tozlu , Recep Kotan

https://doi.org/10.17097/ataunizfd.544964

Cited By: 2

Öz

Fungisitlerin
insan ve çevre sağlığını olumsuz etkilemesi, hastalık etmenlerinin fungisitlere
karşı direnç oluşturması ve tarımsal ürünlerdeki kalıntı sorunu kimyasal
mücadeleye alternatif yöntemlerden olan biyolojik mücadelenin önemini bir kat
daha artırmıştır. Sebze ve meyvelerde yaygın olarak görülen antraknoz hastalığı
etmeninin (Colletotrichum gloesporoides)
in vitro koşullarda mikrobiyal
antagonistlerle mücadele edilebilirliğinin araştırıldığı bu çalışmada toplam 9
adet biyoajan bakteri izolatı [Bacillus
megaterium (TV 3D), Bacillus subtilis
(TV 6F, TV 17C, CP 1), Bacillus cereus
(TV 85D), Paenibacillus polymxa (TV
12E), Pantoea agglomerans (RK 79, RK
92), Pseudomonas fluorescens (MF 3)]
ve 3 adet biyoajan fungus izolatı [Trichoderma
harzianum (ET 4, ET 14, NT 1)] kullanılmıştır. Biyoajan fungusların
patojene karşı etkililiği petri kaplarına karşılıklı konularak, bakterilerin
ise merkeze patojen konulup etrafına bakteri çizilerek yapılmıştır. Uygulama sonucunda
tüm mikrobiyal antagonistlerin in vitro
şartlarda patojen fungusun gelişimini engellediği ve P. fluorescens’in MF 3 izolatının (%69,05) ve T. harzianum’un ET 4 izolatının (%82,50) en etkili izolatlar olduğu
belirlenmiştir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Portakal, Colletotrichum gloesporoides, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Trichoderma harzianum, Biyolojik mücadele

Investigation of Biological Control Possibility of Anthracnose Disease Agent, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, on Orange

Öz

The negative effect of fungicides on human and
environmental health, resistance to fungicides and the problem of residue in
agricultural products are getting increase the importance of biological control
one of the alternative methods for chemical control. Nine bioagent bacterial
isolates [Bacillus megaterium (TV
3D), Bacillus subtilis (TV 6F, TV
17C, CP 1), Bacillus cereus (TV 85D),
Paenibacillus polymxa (TV 12E), Pantoea agglomerans (RK 79, RK 92), Pseudomonas fluorescens (MF 3)] and three
bioagent fungi isolates [Trichoderma
harzianum (ET 4, ET 14, NT 1)] were used in this study the investigation of
biological control of anthracnose disease (Colletotrichum
gloesporoides) common in vegetables and fruits in in vitro. As a result of the application, it was determined that
all microbial antagonists prevented the development of pathogen fungus in vitro and P. fluorescens MF 3 isolate (69.05%) and T. harzianum ET 4 isolates (82.50%) were the most effective
isolates. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Orange, Colletotrichum gloesporoides, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Trichoderma harzianum, Biological control

Kaynakça

• Akgün, C., 2006. Turunçgiller Sektör Profili. Dış Ticaret Servisi Uygulama Şubesi, Türkiye.
• FAO (2017) Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations, FAOSTAT Agriculture Data. Rome, Italy:. (http://faostat.fao.org) (Erişim tarihi 10.03.2019).
• TÜİK, 2017. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (www.tuik.gov.tr) (Erişim tarihi 10.03.2019).
• Benli, M., 2003. Hasat sonrası fungal hastalıklarla kimyasal ve biyolojik mücadele. Orlab On Line Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, Yıl: 01(08): 1-25.
• Singh, D., Sharma, R.R., 2007. Postharvest diseases of fruit and vegetables and their management. In: Prasad, D. (Ed.), Sustainable Pest Management. Data Publishing House, New Delhi, India.
• Karaçalı, İ., 1993. Bahçe ürünlerinin muhafaza ve pazarlanması. Ege üniversitesi yayınları, İzmir,494p.
• Aloui, H., Khwaldia, K., Licciardello, F., Mazzaglia, A., Muratore, G, Hamdi, M., 2014. Efficacy of the combined application of chitosan and locust bean gum with different citrus essential oils to control postharvest spoilage caused by Aspergillus flavus in dates. Int. J. Food Microbio., 170: 21-28.
• Zhang, J.X., Timmer, L.W., 2007. Preharvest application of fungicides for postharvest disease control on early season tangerine hybrids in Florida. Crop. Prot., 26: 886-893.
• Mahoney, M.J., Tattar, T.A, 1980. Identification, etiology and control of Euonymus fortunei anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Plant Dis., 64: 854-856.
• Dubey, N., Srivastava, B., Kumar, A., 2008. Current status of plant products as botanical pesticides in storage pest management. Journal Biopesticide, 1(2): 182-186.
• Ongena, M., Jacques, P., 2008. Bacillus lipopeptides: versatile weapons for plant disease biocontrol. Trends in Microbiolilogy, 16(3): 115-125.
• Talibi, I., Boubaker, H., Boudyach, E.H., Aoumar, A.A.B., 2014. Alternativa methods for the control of postharvest citrus diseases. J. Appl. Microbiol., 117: 1-17.
• Than, P.P, Jeewon, R., Hyde, K.D., Pongsupasamit, S., Mongkolporn, O., Taylor, P.W.J. Characterization and pathogenicity of Colletotrichum species associated with anthracnose disease on chilli (Capsicum spp.) in Thailand. Plant Pathol., 57: 562-572.
• Yamamoto, S., Shiraishi, S., Suzuki, S., 2014. Are cyclic lipopeptides produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens S13-3 responsible for the plant defence response in strawberry against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 60: 379-386.
• Zhou, Y., Zhang, L., Zeng K., 2016. Efficacy of Pichia membranaefaciens combined with chitosan against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in citrus fruits and possible modes of action. Biological Control 96: 39-47.
• Ekinci, M., Turan, M., Yıldırım, E., Güneş, A., Kotan, R., Dursun, A., 2014. Effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on growth, nutrient, organic acid, amino acid and hormone content of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis) transplants. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum, 13(6): 71-85.
• Erman, M., Kotan, R., Çakmakçı, R., Çığ, F., Karagöz, K., Sezen, M. 2010. Effect of nitrogen fixing and phosphate-solubilizing rhizobacteria isolated from Van Lake Basin on the growth and quality properties in wheat and sugar beet. Turkey IV. Organic Farming Symposium, 28 June - 1 July 2010, Erzurum, Turkey, pp: 325-329.
• Karakurt, H., Kotan, R., Aslantaş, R., Dadaşoğlu, F., Karagöz, K., Şahin, F., 2010. Bitki büyümesini teşvik eden bazı bakteri strainlerinin ‘şekerpare’ kayısı çöğürlerinin bitki gelişimi üzerine etkileri. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Atatürk University, 41(1): 7-12.
• Ekinci, M., Yıldırım, E. and Kotan, R., 2015. Effects of different plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on growth and quality of broccoli (Brassica oleraceae L. var. italica) seedling. Akdeniz University Journal of Agriculture, 28(2): 53-59.
• Tozlu, E., Tekiner, N., Tozlu, G., Kotan, R., Çalmaşur, Ö., Göktürk, T., Dadaşoğlu, F., 2018a Icerya purchasi Maskell, 1878 (Hemiptera: Margarodidae)'nin Entomopatojen Fungus ve Bakterilerle Biyolojik Mücadelesinin Araştırılması. Conference: III. Türkiye Orman Entomolojisi ve Patolojisi Sempozyumu, 10-12 Mayıs 2018, Artvin, Türkiye.
• Güneş, A., Karagöz, K., Turan, M., Kotan, R., Yıldırım, E., Çakmakçı, R., Şahin F., 2015. Fertilizer effiency of some plant growth promoting rhizobacteria for plant growth. Research Journal of Soil Biology, 7(2): 28-45.
• Tozlu, E., Tekiner, N., Kotan, R., 2018b. Screening of Trichoderma harzianum Rifai (1969) isolates of domestic plant origin against different fungal plant pathogens for use as biopesticide. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 27(6): 4232-4238.
• Tekiner, N., Tozlu, E., Kotan, R., Dadasoğlu, F., 2018. Biological control of Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria alternata with bioagent bacteria and fungi under in vitro conditions. Conference: 2nd International professional and technical sciences congress (UMTEB) May 10-13, 2018 Batumi / Georgia.
• Moller, E.M., Bahnweg, G., Sandermann, H., Geiger, H.H., 1992. A simple and efficient protocol for isolation of high molecular weight DNA from filamentous fungi, fruit bodies and infected plant tissues. Nucleic Acids Research, 20(22): 6115-6116.
• Mari, M., Iori, R., Leoni, O., Marchi, A., 1993. In vitro activitiy of glucosinolate-derived isothiocyanates against postharvest fruit pathogens. Annals of Applied Biology, 123: 155-164.
• Skidmore, A.M., Dickinson, C.M., 1976. Colony interactions and hyphal interference between Septoria nodorum and Phylloplane fungi. Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 66: 57-64.
• Hubbard, J., Harman, G., Hadar, Y., 1983. Effect of soilborne Pseudomonas spp. on the biological control agent. Trichoderma hamatum, on pea seeds. Ecology and Epidemiology, 73(5): 655-659.
• Sivan, A., Chet, I., 1986. Biological control of Fusarium spp. in cotton, wheat and muskmelon by Trichoderma harzianum. Journal Phytopathology, 116(1): 39-47.
• Erdoğan, O., Benlioğlu, K., 2010. Biological control of Verticillium wilt on cotton by the use of fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. Biological Control, 53 (1): 39-45.
• Şenol, M., 2014. Pseudomonas fluorescens ve Bacillus subtilis bakterilerinin Fusarium culmorum’a karşı antifungal etkinliği, bakterilerden elde edilen kitinaz enziminin saflaştırılması ve bazı kinetik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi, Atatürk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 64p.
• Tozlu, E., 2016. Bazı bakteriyel biyokontrol ajanlar ile havuç acı çürüklük hastalığı (Geotrichum candidum Link)’nın biyolojik mücadelesi. Atatürk Üniv., Ziraat Fak. Derg., 47 (1): 1-9.
• Begum, M.F., Rahman, M.A., Alam, M.F., 2010. Biological control of Alternaria fruit rot of chili by Trichoderma species under field conditions. Mycobiology, 38(2): 113-117.
• Kotan, R., Şahin F., Demirci E., Eken, C., 2009. Biological control of the potato dry rot caused by Fusarium species using PGPR strains. Biological Control, 50: 194-198.
• Wright, S.A., Zumoff, C.H., Schneider, L., Beer, S.V., 2001. Pantoea agglomerans strain Eh318 produces two antibiotics that inhibit Erwinia amylovora in vitro. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 67: 284-292.
• Harman, G., 1993. Chitinolytic Enzymes of Trichoderma harzianum: purification of chitobiosidase and endochitinase. Phytopathology, 83(3): 313.
• Monte, E., 2001. Understanding Trichoderma: between biotechnology and microbial ecology. International Journal of Microbiology, 4: 1-4.
• Clarkson, J.P., Lucas J.A., 1997. The role of antibiotic production by a strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens in the suppression of Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides, the causal agent of eyespot disease of cereals. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 82: 499-506.
• Hass, D., Defago, G., 2005. Biological control of soil born pathogens by fluorescent Pseudomonads. Nature Rev. Microbiol., 3: 307-319.
• Sid Ahmed, A., Ezziyyani, M., Perez Sanchez, C., Candela, M.E., 2003. Effect of chitin on biological control activity of Bacillus spp. and Trichoderma harzianum against root rot disease in pepper (Capsicum annuum) plants. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 109: 633-637.
• Rahman, M.A., Kadir, J.T., Mahmud, M.M., Abdul Rahman, R., Begum, M.M., 2007. Screening of antagonistic bacteria for biocontrol activities on Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in papaya. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 6: 12-20.
• Bautista-Banos, S., Hernandez-Lopez, M., Bosquez-Molina, E., Wilson, C.L., 2003. Effects of chitosan and plant extracts on growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, anthracnose levels and quality of papaya fruit. Crop Protection, 22: 1087-1092.
• Ashwini, N., Srividya, S., 2014. Potentiality of Bacillus subtilis as biocontrol agent for management of anthracnose disease of chilli caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides OGC1. 3 Biotech, 4(2): 127-136.|