Urban Heat Island in Ankara with Travers

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 2, 281 - 317, 31.10.2019

Erkan Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.33688/aucbd.600933

Öz

As Ankara is morphologically situated in a basin,
this causes air conditions of poor quality for the city-dwellers, and such
adverse conditions are further increased sometimes with the impact of urban
heat island (UHI). In this study, mobile measurements were made for 12 months
(1 at daytime and 1 at nocturnally) to determine the characteristics of UHI in
Ankara, and the results were assessed and analyzed using statistical methods. Based
on the assessments, the northern cliff of the city is formed at Yükseltepe intersection
and the southern cliff is formed at Turan Güneş Street. There are also two
different peaks in Ulus and Kızılay, and the plateau of the urban is between the cliffs and peaks. The
plateau of the urban includes a temperature sinks and hills, which is caused by
the land use in the urban, heavy traffic and characteristics of urban
structure. UHI formed in the urban becomes more apparent in the summer season (in
the arid period) and is decreased by 0.2 °C during the day and 0.4 °C at night
as the temperatures go far away from the city center. The temperatures drop in
the sites where visibility of sky is increased. The elevation is effective in
the temperature distribution, this is especially effective in the high pressure
conditions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Urban heat island, Ankara, Travers, Sky view factor, Urban heat island intensity

Mobil Ölçümlerle Ankara Şehir Isı Adası

Öz

Ankara’nın morfolojik olarak bir çanakta yer
alması, şehir sakinleri için kalitesiz hava koşulları yaratmakta, bu olumsuz
koşullar bazı dönemlerde şehir ısı adası (ŞIA) etkisiyle daha da artmaktadır. Bu
çalışmada, Ankara şehrinde ŞIA’nın özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla 12 ay
boyunca her ay için 1 gece 1 gündüz mobil ölçümler yapılmış, sonuçlar
değerlendirilmiş ve istatistiksel yöntemler kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bu
değerlendirmelere göre, şehrin kuzey falezi Yükseltepe Kavşağı’nda, güney
falezi ise Turan Güneş Caddesi’nde oluşmaktadır. Ulus ve Kızılay’da iki ayrı
zirve meydana gelmekte, falez ve zirveler arasında ise şehir platosu yer
almaktadır. Şehir platosu içerisinde sıcaklık çukuru ve tepeleri görülmekte, bu
durum şehir içi arazi kullanımı ve trafik yoğunluğu ve şehir yapısı
özelliklerinden kaynaklanmaktadır. Şehirde oluşan ŞIA, yaz aylarında (kurak
dönemde) daha belirginleşmekte, sıcaklıklar şehir merkezinden uzaklaştıkça
gündüzleri 0,2 geceleri 0,4 °C azalmaktadır. Gök görüş oranı değerlerinin
arttığı sahalarda sıcaklıklar düşmektedir. Sıcaklık dağılışında yükselti de
etkili olmakta, bu durum özellikle yüksek basınç koşullarında daha görünür hale
gelmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Şehir ısı adası, Ankara, Mobil ölçüm, Gök görüş oranı, Şehir ısı adası şiddeti

Kaynakça

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