Tedarik Zinciri Entegrasyonunun Operasyonel Performans Üzerine Etkisi: TRA1 Bölgesi İşletmeleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 2, 131 - 144, 01.11.2021

Serkan Demirdöğen

https://doi.org/10.25294/auiibfd.707802

Öz

Bu çalışma tedarik zincirinde entegrasyonun işletmelerin operasyonel performansları üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu kapsamda tedarik zinciri entegrasyonu iç ve dış entegrasyon olarak iki temel boyutta ele alınmıştır. İç entegrasyon boyutu ile işletmelerin iç birimleri arasındaki entegrasyon ifade edilmektedir. Dış entegrasyon ile işletmelerin hem ana tüketiciler hem de ana tedarikçiler ile entegrasyonu ifade edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada her iki boyutun da operasyonel performansa etkisi belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçlar doğrultusunda hazırlanan anket formu 2020 yılı ocak ayı itibariyle, TRA1 bölgesi (Erzurum, Erzincan ve Bayburt) Organize Sanayi Bölgelerinde (OSB) faaliyet gösteren 115 işletme sahip ve yöneticilerine uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre, entegrasyonun bütün boyutları yani iç entegrasyon, ana tüketiciler ile entegrasyon ve ana tedarikçiler ile entegrasyon işletmelerin operasyonel performansları üzerinde olumlu bir etkiye sahiptir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tedarik Zinciri Yönetimi, Entegrasyon, TRA1 Bölgesi

Teşekkür

Katkılarınız için şimdiden teşekkür eder, iyi çalışmalar dilerim..

The Impact of Integration in the Supply Chain on the Operational Performance: A Research on TRA1 Region Businesses

Öz

This study was conducted to determine the effect of integration in the supply chain on the operational performance of businesses. In this context, supply chain integration is handled in two basic dimensions as internal and external integration. The internal integration dimension represents the integration between the internal units of the enterprises. The external integration dimension represents the integration of businesses with both main consumers and main suppliers. In this study, the effect of both dimensions on operational performance has been tried to be determined. The survey form that was prepared in line with these aims was applied to the owners and managers of 115 enterprises that were operating in the Organized Industrial Zones (OIZ) in TRA1 region (Erzurum, Erzincan and Bayburt) as of January 2020. According to the results of the study, all dimensions of integration, namely internal integration, integration with main consumers and integration with main suppliers, have a positive effect on the operational performance of enterprises.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Supply Chain Management, Integration, TRA1 Region

Kaynakça

• Bae, H. S. (2017). "Empirical Relationships of Perceived Environmental Uncertainty, Supply Chain Collaboration and Operational Performance: Analyses of Direct, Indirect and Total Effects". Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics, 33(4), 263–272. doi:10.1016/j.ajsl.2017.12.010
• Boon-itt, S. ve Paul, H. (2006). "A study of supply chain integration in Thai automotive industry: A theoretical framework and measurement". Management Research News, 29(4), 194–205. doi:10.1108/01409170610 665059
• Braunscheidel, M. J., Suresh, N. C. ve Boisnier, A. D. (2010). "Investigating the impact of organizational culture on supply chain integration". Human Resource Management, 49(5), 883–911. doi:10.1002/hrm.20381
• Bruque-Cámara, S., Moyano-Fuentes, J. ve Maqueira-Marín, J. M. (2016). "Supply chain integration through community cloud: Effects on operational performance". Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 22(2), 141–153. doi:10.1016/j.pursup.2016.04.003
• Carr, A. S. ve Pearson, J. N. (2002). "The impact of purchasing and supplier involvement on strategic purchasing and its impact on firm’s performance". International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 22(9–10), 1032–1053. doi:10.1108/01443570210440528
• Chang, W., Ellinger, A. E., Kim, K. K. ve Franke, G. R. (2016). "Supply chain integration and firm financial performance: A meta-analysis of positional advantage mediation and moderating factors". European Management Journal, 34(3), 282–295. doi:10.1016/j.emj.2015.11.008
• Chen, H., Daugherty, P. J. ve Landry, T. D. (2009). "Supply Chain Process Integration: a Theoretical Framework". Journal of Business Logistics, 30(2), 27–46. doi:10.1002/j.2158-1592.2009.tb00110.x
• Chen, M., Liu, H., Wei, S. ve Gu, J. (2018). "Top managers’ managerial ties, supply chain integration, and firm performance in China: A social capital perspective". Industrial Marketing Management, 74(April), 205–214. doi:10.1016/j.indmarman.2018.04.013
• Çemberci, M., Sözer, E. ve Civelek, M. (2015). "Firmalar Arası Bilgi Paylaşımı ile Tedarik Zinciri Yönetimi Performansı İlişkisinde Bilgi Kalitesinin Moderatör Etkisi". Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi Cilt, 13(25), 141-159.
• Çetindaş, A. ve Çelik, M. (2017). "İmalat İşletmelerinin Tedarikçi Entegrasyonları İle Lojistik Performansları Arasındaki İlişki Üzerine Çevresel Belirsizliğin Düzenleyici Rolü". Toros Üniversitesi İİSBF Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi4(7), 132-146
• Danese, P., Romano, P. ve Formentini, M. (2013). "The impact of supply chain integration on responsiveness: The moderating effect of using an international supplier network". Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 49(1), 125–140. doi:10.1016/j.tre.2012.08.002
• Droge, C., Jayaram, J. ve Vickery, S. K. (2004). "The effects of internal versus external integration practices on time-based performance and overall firm performance". Journal of Operations Management, 22(6), 557–573. doi:10.1016/j.jom.2004.08.001
• Droge, C., Vickery, S. K. ve Jacobs, M. A. (2012). "Does supply chain integration mediate the relationships between product/process strategy and service performance? An empirical study". International Journal of Production Economics, 137(2), 250–262. doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2012.02.005
• Flynn, B. B., Huo, B. ve Zhao, X. (2010). "The impact of supply chain integration on performance: A contingency and configuration approach". Journal of Operations Management, 28(1), 58–71. doi:10.1016/j.jom.2009.06.001
• Germain, R. ve Iyer, K. N. S. (2006). "The Interaction of Internal and Downstream Integration and Its Association With Performance". Journal of Business Logistics, 27(2), 29–52. doi:10.1002/j.2158-1592.2006.tb00216.x
• Gimenez, C. ve Ventura, E. (2005). "Logistics-production, logistics-marketing and external integration: Their impact on performance". International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 25(1), 20–38. doi:10.1108/01443570510572222
• Goh, S. H. ve Eldridge, S. (2015). "New product introduction and supplier integration in sales and operations planning: Evidence from the Asia Pacific region". International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management, 45(9–10), 861–886. doi:10.1108/IJPDLM-08-2014-0215
• Han, C. hwan. (2018). "Assessing the impacts of port supply chain integration on port performance". Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics, 34(2), 129–135. doi:10.1016/j.ajsl.2018.06.009
• Horn, P., Scheffler, P. ve Schiele, H. (2014). "Internal integration as a pre-condition for external integration in global sourcing: A social capital perspective". International Journal of Production Economics, 153, 54–65. doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2014.03.020
• Huo, B., Ye, Y., Zhao, X. ve Shou, Y. (2016). "The impact of human capital on supply chain integration and competitive performance". International Journal of Production Economics, 178, 132–143. doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2016.05.009
• Jajja, M. S. S., Chatha, K. A. ve Farooq, S. (2018). "Impact of supply chain risk on agility performance: Mediating role of supply chain integration". International Journal of Production Economics, 205(September 2017), 118–138. doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2018.08.032
• Jayaram, J., Xu, K. ve Nicolae, M. (2011). "The direct and contingency effects of supplier coordination and customer coordination on quality and flexibility performance". International Journal of Production Research, 49(1), 59–85. doi:10.1080/00207543.2010.508935
• Kalaycı, Ş. (2006). SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri. Ankara: Asil Yayın Dağıtım.
• Kang, S. ve Moon, T. (2016). "Impact of Information Exchange and Supply Chain Integration on Supply Chain Performance". International Journal of u- and e- Service, Science and Technology, 9(7), 237–246. doi:10.14257/ijunesst.2016.9.7.24
• Kannan, V. R. ve Tan, K. C. (2005). "Just in time, total quality management, and supply chain management: Understanding their linkages and impact on business performance". Omega, 33(2), 153–162. doi:10.1016/j.omega.2004.03.012
• Kim, D. Y. (2013). "Relationship between supply chain integration and performance". Operations Management Research, 6(1–2), 74–90. doi:10.1007/s12063-013-0079-0
• Kim, S. W. (2006). "The effect of supply chain integration on the alignment between corporate competitive capability and supply chain operational capability". International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 26(10), 1084–1107. doi:10.1108/01443570610691085
• Kim, S. W. (2009). "An investigation on the direct and indirect effect of supply chain integration on firm performance". International Journal of Production Economics, 119(2), 328–346. doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2009.03.007
• Lawson, B., Cousins, P. D., Handfield, R. B. ve Petersen, K. J. (2009). "Strategic purchasing, supply management practices and buyer performance improvement: An empirical study of UK manufacturing organisations". International Journal of Production Research, 47(10), 2649–2667. doi:10.1080/00207540701694313
• Lee, C. W., Kwon, I. W. G. ve Severance, D. (2007). "Relationship between supply chain performance and degree of linkage among supplier, internal integration, and customer". Supply Chain Management, 12(6), 444–452. doi:10.1108/13598540710826371
• Li, N. I. (2015). "Management Science and Engineering The Impact of Supply Chain Integration on Operation Performance: The Moderating Role of IT Competence". Management Science and Engineering, 9(4), 40–45. doi:10.3968/7549
• Lii, P. ve Kuo, F. I. (2016). "Innovation-oriented supply chain integration for combined competitiveness and firm performance". International Journal of Production Economics, 174, 142–155. doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2016.01.018
• Mbugua, A. ve Namada, J. (2019). "Supply chain integration and operational performance of Kenya’s public health sector". International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478), 8(5), 01–10. doi:10.20525/ijrbs.v8i5.472
• Menor, L. J., Kristal, M. M. ve Rosenzweig, E. D. (2007). "Examining the influence of operational intellectual capital on capabilities and performance". Manufacturing and Service Operations Management, 9(4), 559–578. doi:10.1287/msom.1060.0131
• Mose, E. M. (2015). "Impact of Supply Chain Integration Strategies on Performance of Pork Processing Industry in Rwanda". www.eajournals.org (erişim tarihi:10.01.2019).
• Ni, W. ve Sun, H. (2019). "The effect of sustainable supply chain management on business performance: Implications for integrating the entire supply chain in the Chinese manufacturing sector". Journal of Cleaner Production, 232, 1176–1186. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.384
• Njagi, J. M. ve Muli, S. M. (2020). "Influence of supply chain integration practices on the performance of manufacturing firms in kenya A case of kenya breweries limited". International Journal of Business and Social Research, 10(1), 35–57. doi:10.18533/ijbsr.v10i1.1265
• Osei, M. B., & Kagnicioglu, C. H. (2018). "The Impact of Supply Chain Integration on Firms’ Business and Operatıonal Performance at the Food Retaıl Sector/Industry". Journal of Management Marketing and Logistics, 5(1), 18-30.
• Paiva, E. L. (2010). "Manufacturing and marketing integration from a cumulative capabilities perspective". International Journal of Production Economics, 126(2), 379–386. doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2010.04.031
• Pakurár, M., Haddad, H., Popp, J., Khan, T. ve Oláh, J. (2019). "Supply chain integration, organizational performance and balanced scorecard: An empirical study of the banking sector in Jordan". Journal of International Studies, 12(2), 129–146. doi:10.14254/2071-8330.2019/12-2/8
• Prajogo, D. ve Olhager, J. (2012). "Supply chain integration and performance: The effects of long-term relationships, information technology and sharing, and logistics integration". International Journal of Production Economics, 135(1), 514–522. doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2011.09.001
• Qi, Y., Huo, B., Wang, Z. ve Yeung, H. Y. J. (2017). "The impact of operations and supply chain strategies on integration and performance". International Journal of Production Economics, 185(December 2015), 162–174. doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2016.12.028.
• Ralston, P. M., Blackhurst, J., Cantor, D. E. ve Crum, M. R. (2015). "A Structure-conduct-performance perspective of how strategic supply chain integration affects firm performance". Journal of Supply Chain Management, 51(2), 47–64. doi:10.1111/jscm.12064.
• Riley, J. M., Klein, R., Miller, J. ve Sridharan, V. (2016). "How internal integration, information sharing, and training affect supply chain risk management capabilities". International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management, 46(10), 953–980. doi:10.1108/IJPDLM-10-2015-0246.
• Rodrigues, A. M. ve Lynch, D. F. (2004). "Linking Strategy, Structure, Process, and Performance in Integrated Logistics". Journal of Business Logistics, 25(2), 65–94.
• Rosenzweig, E. D., Roth, A. V. ve Dean, J. W. (2003). "The influence of an integration strategy on competitive capabilities and business performance: An exploratory study of consumer products manufacturers". Journal of Operations Management, 21(4), 437–456. doi:10.1016/S0272-6963(03)00037-8.
• Shashi, Tavana, M., Shabani, A. ve Singh, R. (2019). "The impact of interwoven integration practices on supply chain value addition and firm performance". Journal of Industrial Engineering International, 15(s1), 39–51. doi:10.1007/s40092-019-0316-8.
• Shou, Y., Li, Y., Park, Y. ve Kang, M. (2018). "Supply chain integration and operational performance: The contingency effects of production systems". Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 24(4), 352–360. doi:10.1016/j.pursup.2017.11.004.
• Stank, T. P., Keller, S. B. ve Closs, D. J. (2002). "Performance Benefits of Supply Chain Logistical Integration". Transportation Journal,41(2/3), 32-46.
• Terjesen, S., Patel, P. C. ve Sanders, N. R. (2012). "Managing Differentiation-Integration Duality in Supply Chain Integration". Decision Sciences, 43(2), 303–339. doi:10.1111/j.1540-5915.2011.00345.x.
• Turkulainen, V. ve Ketokivi, M. (2012). "Cross-functional integration and performance: What are the real benefits?". International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 32(4), 447–467. doi:10.1108/01443571211223095
• Uwamahoro, A. (2018). "Effects of Supply Chain Integration on Performance : An Analysis of Manufacturing Firms in Rwanda East Africa". East Africa Research Papers in Business, Entrepreneurship and Management.
• Vickery, S. K., Jayaram, J., Droge, C. ve Calantone, R. (2003). "The effects of an integrative supply chain strategy on customer service and financial performance: An analysis of direct versus indirect relationships". Journal of Operations Management, 21(5), 523–539. doi:10.1016/j.jom.2003.02.002.
• Villena, V. H., Gomez-Mejia, L. R. ve Revilla, E. (2009). "The decision of the supply chain executive to support or impede supply chain integration: A multidisciplinary behavioral agency perspective". Decision Sciences, 40(4), 635–665. doi:10.1111/j.1540-5915.2009.00245.x.
• Wong, C. W. Y., Lai, K. H. ve Bernroider, E. W. N. (2015). "The performance of contingencies of supply chain information integration: The roles of product and market complexity". International Journal of Production Economics, 165, 1–11. doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2015.03.005.
• Wong, C. W. Y., Sancha, C. ve Thomsen, C. G. (2017). "A national culture perspective in the efficacy of supply chain integration practices". International Journal of Production Economics, 193, 554–565. doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2017.08.015.
• Wong, C. W. Y., Wong, C. Y. ve Boon-Itt, S. (2013). "The combined effects of internal and external supply chain integration on product innovation". International Journal of Production Economics, 146(2), 566–574. doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2013.08.004.
• Yu, W., Jacobs, M. A., Salisbury, W. D. ve Enns, H. (2013). "The effects of supply chain integration on customer satisfaction and financial performance: An organizational learning perspective". International Journal of Production Economics, 146(1), 346–358. doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2013.07.023.
• Yuen, K. F. ve Thai, V. V. (2016). "The relationship between supply chain integration and operational performances: A study of priorities and synergies". Transportation Journal, 55(1), 31–50. doi:10.5325/transportationj.55.1.0031.