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Increased Threat in Society: Synthetic Cannabinoid

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 13 - 17, 29.06.2018

Öz

Synthetic cannabinoids, a
subgroup of cannabinoid, are commonly used drugs. It is observed that the rate
of synthetic cannabinoid use has increased rapidly in recent years. The use of these
substances is increasing especially in teenagers and young adults. The cases of both poisoning increasing day by
day, as well as deaths are reported. With this review, it is aimed to increase awareness of our doctors about
synthetic cannabinoids by providing basic information.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Seely KA, Lapoint J, Moran JH, Fattore L, (2012). Spice drugs are more than harmless herbal blends: a review of the pharmacology and toxicology of synthetic cannabinoids. Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry 39 (2), 234-243. 2. Vandrey R, Dunn KE, Fry JA, Girling ER, (2012). A survey study to characterize use of Spice products (synthetic cannabinoids). Drug and Alcohol Dependence 120 (1), 238-241. 3. Every-Palmer S, (2012). Synthetic cannabinoid JWH-018 and psychosis: an explorative study. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 117 (2), 152-157. 4. Resmî Gazete, (2011). Uyuşturucu maddelerin murakabesi hakkında kanun. K. no: 2313, 13-5. 5. Mounteney J, Griffiths P, Sedefov R, Noor A,Vicente J, Simon R, (2016). The drug situation in Europe: an overview of data available on illicit drugs and new psychoactive substances from European monitoring in 2015. Addiction 111 (1), 34-48. 6. Gurney SM, Scott K, Kacinko S, Presley B, Logan B, (2014). Pharmacology, toxicology, and adverse effects of synthetic cannabinoid drugs. Forensic Sci Rev 26 (1), 53-78. 7. Devane WA, Dysarz Fr, Johnson MR, Melvin LS, Howlett AC, (1988). Determination and characterization of a cannabinoid receptor in rat brain. Molecular Pharmacology 34 (5),605-613. 8. Pertwee RG, (1999). Pharmacology of cannabinoid receptor ligands. Current Medicinal Chemistry 6, 635-664. 9. Seely KA, Prather PL, James LP, Moran JH, (2011). Marijuana-based drugs: innovative therapeutics or designer drugs of abuse? Molecular İnterventions 11 (1), 36. 10. Ameri A, (1999). The effects of cannabinoids on the brain. Progress in Neurobiology 58 (4), 315-348. 11. Rieder SA, Chauhan A, Singh U, Nagarkatti M, Nagarkatti P, (2010). Cannabinoid-induced apoptosis in immune cells as a pathway to immunosuppression. Immunobiology 215 (8), 598-605. 12. Castaneto MS, Gorelick DA, Desrosiers NA, Hartman RL, Pirard S, Huestis MA, (2014). Synthetic cannabinoids: epidemiology, pharmacodynamics, and clinical implications. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 144, 12-41. 13. Schneir AB, Cullen J, Ly BT, (2011). “Spice” girls: synthetic cannabinoid intoxication”. The Journal of Emergency Medicine 40 (3),296-299. 14. De la Asunción-Nadal V, Armenta S, Garrigues S, de la Guardia M, (2017). Identification and determination of synthetic cannabinoids in herbal products by dry film attenuated total reflectance-infrared spectroscopy. Talanta 167, 344-351. 15. Hutter M, Broecker S, Kneisel S ,Auwärter V, (2012). Identification of the major urinary metabolites in man of seven synthetic cannabinoids of the aminoalkylindole type present as adulterants in ‘herbal mixtures’ using LC‐MS/MS techniques. Journal of Mass Spectrometry 47 (1), 54-65. 16. Hutter M, Kneisel S, Auwärter V, Neukamm MA, (2012). Determination of 22 synthetic cannabinoids in human hair by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography B 903, 95-101. 17. De Jager AD, Warner JV, Henman M, Ferguson W, Hall A, (2012). LC–MS/MS method for the quantitation of metabolites of eight commonly-used synthetic cannabinoids in human urine–an Australian perspective. Journal of Chromatography B 897, 22-31. 18. Dresen S, Kneisel S,Weinmann W, Zimmermann R, Auwärter V, (2011). Development and validation of a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantitation of synthetic cannabinoids of the aminoalkylindole type and methanandamide in serum and its application to forensic samples. Journal of Mass Spectrometry 46 (2), 163-171. 19. Teske J, Weller JP, Fieguth A, Rothämel T, Schulz Y, Tröger HD, (2010). Sensitive and rapid quantification of the cannabinoid receptor agonist naphthalen-1-yl-(1-pentylindol-3-yl) methanone (JWH-018) in human serum by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography B 878 (27), 2659-2663. 20. Kersten BP, McLaughlin ME, (2015). Toxicology and management of novel psychoactive drugs. Journal of Pharmacy Practice 28 (1), 50-65. 21. Aksel G, Güneysel Ö, Taşyürek T, Kozan E, Çevik ŞE, (2015) Intravenous lipid emulsion therapy for acute synthetic cannabinoid intoxication: Clinical experience in four cases. Case Reports in Emergency Medicine 2015, 5. 22. Cohen K, Weinstein A, (2018) The Effects of Cannabinoids on Executive Functions: Evidence from Cannabis and Synthetic Cannabinoids—A Systematic Review. Brain Sci 8 (3), 40.

Toplumda Artan Tehlike: Sentetik Kannabinoidler

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 13 - 17, 29.06.2018

Öz

Sentetik kannabinoidler, kannabinoidlerin bir alt grubu
olup, son yıllarda uyuşturucu kullanımında oldukça ön planda yer almaya
başlamıştır. Bu maddelerin kullanımı günümüzde özellikle gençlerde ve genç
erişkinlerde artmaktadır. Hem zehirlenmeler nedeni ile acil servislere başvuran
olgular her geçen gün artmakta, hem de ölümle sonuçlanan olgular
bildirilmektedir. Bu derleme ile hekimlerimize sentetik kannabinoidler hakkında
temel bilgi sunarak onların bilinçlendirilmesi, farkındalıklarının arttırılması
amaçlanmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Seely KA, Lapoint J, Moran JH, Fattore L, (2012). Spice drugs are more than harmless herbal blends: a review of the pharmacology and toxicology of synthetic cannabinoids. Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry 39 (2), 234-243. 2. Vandrey R, Dunn KE, Fry JA, Girling ER, (2012). A survey study to characterize use of Spice products (synthetic cannabinoids). Drug and Alcohol Dependence 120 (1), 238-241. 3. Every-Palmer S, (2012). Synthetic cannabinoid JWH-018 and psychosis: an explorative study. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 117 (2), 152-157. 4. Resmî Gazete, (2011). Uyuşturucu maddelerin murakabesi hakkında kanun. K. no: 2313, 13-5. 5. Mounteney J, Griffiths P, Sedefov R, Noor A,Vicente J, Simon R, (2016). The drug situation in Europe: an overview of data available on illicit drugs and new psychoactive substances from European monitoring in 2015. Addiction 111 (1), 34-48. 6. Gurney SM, Scott K, Kacinko S, Presley B, Logan B, (2014). Pharmacology, toxicology, and adverse effects of synthetic cannabinoid drugs. Forensic Sci Rev 26 (1), 53-78. 7. Devane WA, Dysarz Fr, Johnson MR, Melvin LS, Howlett AC, (1988). Determination and characterization of a cannabinoid receptor in rat brain. Molecular Pharmacology 34 (5),605-613. 8. Pertwee RG, (1999). Pharmacology of cannabinoid receptor ligands. Current Medicinal Chemistry 6, 635-664. 9. Seely KA, Prather PL, James LP, Moran JH, (2011). Marijuana-based drugs: innovative therapeutics or designer drugs of abuse? Molecular İnterventions 11 (1), 36. 10. Ameri A, (1999). The effects of cannabinoids on the brain. Progress in Neurobiology 58 (4), 315-348. 11. Rieder SA, Chauhan A, Singh U, Nagarkatti M, Nagarkatti P, (2010). Cannabinoid-induced apoptosis in immune cells as a pathway to immunosuppression. Immunobiology 215 (8), 598-605. 12. Castaneto MS, Gorelick DA, Desrosiers NA, Hartman RL, Pirard S, Huestis MA, (2014). Synthetic cannabinoids: epidemiology, pharmacodynamics, and clinical implications. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 144, 12-41. 13. Schneir AB, Cullen J, Ly BT, (2011). “Spice” girls: synthetic cannabinoid intoxication”. The Journal of Emergency Medicine 40 (3),296-299. 14. De la Asunción-Nadal V, Armenta S, Garrigues S, de la Guardia M, (2017). Identification and determination of synthetic cannabinoids in herbal products by dry film attenuated total reflectance-infrared spectroscopy. Talanta 167, 344-351. 15. Hutter M, Broecker S, Kneisel S ,Auwärter V, (2012). Identification of the major urinary metabolites in man of seven synthetic cannabinoids of the aminoalkylindole type present as adulterants in ‘herbal mixtures’ using LC‐MS/MS techniques. Journal of Mass Spectrometry 47 (1), 54-65. 16. Hutter M, Kneisel S, Auwärter V, Neukamm MA, (2012). Determination of 22 synthetic cannabinoids in human hair by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography B 903, 95-101. 17. De Jager AD, Warner JV, Henman M, Ferguson W, Hall A, (2012). LC–MS/MS method for the quantitation of metabolites of eight commonly-used synthetic cannabinoids in human urine–an Australian perspective. Journal of Chromatography B 897, 22-31. 18. Dresen S, Kneisel S,Weinmann W, Zimmermann R, Auwärter V, (2011). Development and validation of a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantitation of synthetic cannabinoids of the aminoalkylindole type and methanandamide in serum and its application to forensic samples. Journal of Mass Spectrometry 46 (2), 163-171. 19. Teske J, Weller JP, Fieguth A, Rothämel T, Schulz Y, Tröger HD, (2010). Sensitive and rapid quantification of the cannabinoid receptor agonist naphthalen-1-yl-(1-pentylindol-3-yl) methanone (JWH-018) in human serum by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography B 878 (27), 2659-2663. 20. Kersten BP, McLaughlin ME, (2015). Toxicology and management of novel psychoactive drugs. Journal of Pharmacy Practice 28 (1), 50-65. 21. Aksel G, Güneysel Ö, Taşyürek T, Kozan E, Çevik ŞE, (2015) Intravenous lipid emulsion therapy for acute synthetic cannabinoid intoxication: Clinical experience in four cases. Case Reports in Emergency Medicine 2015, 5. 22. Cohen K, Weinstein A, (2018) The Effects of Cannabinoids on Executive Functions: Evidence from Cannabis and Synthetic Cannabinoids—A Systematic Review. Brain Sci 8 (3), 40.
Toplam 1 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Cihan Bedel

Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Haziran 2018
Gönderilme Tarihi 13 Nisan 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Bedel, C. (2018). Toplumda Artan Tehlike: Sentetik Kannabinoidler. Avrasya Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 1(1), 13-17.
AMA Bedel C. Toplumda Artan Tehlike: Sentetik Kannabinoidler. AvrasyaSBD. Haziran 2018;1(1):13-17.
Chicago Bedel, Cihan. “Toplumda Artan Tehlike: Sentetik Kannabinoidler”. Avrasya Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 1, sy. 1 (Haziran 2018): 13-17.
EndNote Bedel C (01 Haziran 2018) Toplumda Artan Tehlike: Sentetik Kannabinoidler. Avrasya Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 1 1 13–17.
IEEE C. Bedel, “Toplumda Artan Tehlike: Sentetik Kannabinoidler”, AvrasyaSBD, c. 1, sy. 1, ss. 13–17, 2018.
ISNAD Bedel, Cihan. “Toplumda Artan Tehlike: Sentetik Kannabinoidler”. Avrasya Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 1/1 (Haziran 2018), 13-17.
JAMA Bedel C. Toplumda Artan Tehlike: Sentetik Kannabinoidler. AvrasyaSBD. 2018;1:13–17.
MLA Bedel, Cihan. “Toplumda Artan Tehlike: Sentetik Kannabinoidler”. Avrasya Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 1, sy. 1, 2018, ss. 13-17.
Vancouver Bedel C. Toplumda Artan Tehlike: Sentetik Kannabinoidler. AvrasyaSBD. 2018;1(1):13-7.