Dünyada ve Türkiye'de Adsız Alkolikler

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 2, 187 - 207, 30.06.2021

Abdullah Yıldız

https://doi.org/10.51982/bagimli.841576

Cited By: 2

Öz

Kendine destek grupları alkol bağımlılığı tedavisinde farklı boyutlar içinde önemli bir yere sahiptirler. Bunlardan en bilineni Adsız Alkolikler (AA) grubudur. Bu çalışmada AA’nın tarihsel gelişimi, felsefesi, önemli kavramları ve psikiyatriyle ilişkisi değerlendirilecek ve Türkiye’deki gelişiminden de kısaca bahsedilecektir. Ancak AA grubunun tarihsel süreçteki yeri ve öneminin belirlenmesi açısından Alkol ve Alkol Bağımlılığı tarihine ilişkin kısa bir girişin yapılmasının da önemli olduğu düşünülmüştür. Alkol, alkol bağımlılığı ve AA’ya ilişkin olarak tıp tarihi perspektifinden literatür taranmıştır. Alkol bağımlılığına ilişkin tarihsel bulguların geçmişi antik çağa dayanır. Modern alkol bağımlılığı kavramı ile tıbbın ilişkisi modern psikiyatrinin gelişimi ile paraleldir. XX. yüzyılın başlarında alkol bağımlılığı konusunda dini grupların etkin olduğu görülmektedir. AA bu süreçte farklı bir yaklaşım sergilerken ayrıcalıklı bir yer edinmiştir. XX. yüzyılın ortalarından itibaren de modern tıp ve psikiyatri ile etkileşim içinde olmuş ve bağımlılığa ilişkin önemli katkılar sunmuştur. AA Türkiye’deki gelişimi görece yenidir ve başka grupların kurulmasını teşvik etmiştir. Sonuç olarak, AA grubunun alkol bağımlılığı tedavisinin gelişim sürecinde tarihsel düzeyde önemli bir yere sahiptir. Grubun felsefi yönelimi ve bağımlılık psikiyatrisi ile ilişkileri bu bağlamda önemli olmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adsız Alkolikler, alkol kullanım bozukluğu, alkol bağımlılığı, psikiyatri tarihi

Teşekkür

Çalışma aşamasındaki destekleri için Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi emekli öğretim üyesi Prof. Dr. N. Yasemin Yalım’a ve Gazi Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi öğretim üyesi Prof. Dr. Zehra Arıkan’a teşekkürlerimi sunarım.

Alcoholic Anonymous in the World and in Turkey

Öz

Self-support groups have an important role in different dimensions in the treatment of alcohol dependence. The best known of these groups is the Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). In this study, the historical development, philosophy and important concepts of anonymous alcoholics are explained and their relationship with psychiatry is mentioned. However, it is thought that it is important to make a short introduction to the history of Alcohol and Alcohol Addiction in terms of determining the place and importance of the AA group in the historical process. The literature on alcohol, alcohol addiction and AA has been reviewed from a medical history perspective. Historical findings on alcohol addiction date back to antiquity. The relationship between the modern concept of alcohol addiction and medicine is parallel with the development of modern psychiatry. At the beginning of the 20th century, it is seen that religious groups are active in alcohol addiction. While AA took a different approach in this process, it gained a privileged place. Since the middle of the 20th century, it has been in interaction with modern medicine and psychiatry and has made important contributions to addiction. The development of AA in Turkey is relatively new and has encouraged the establishment of other groups. In conclusion, AA has a historically important place in the development of alcohol addiction treatment. The group's philosophical orientation and its relationships with addiction psychiatry have been important in this context.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Alcoholic anonymous, addiction, hsitory of psychiatry

Kaynakça

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