Effects of Attentional Bias Research on Understanding Nature of Craving and Relapse

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 1, 104 - 112, 31.03.2024

Sevgül Türkoğlu

https://doi.org/10.51982/bagimli.1314422

Öz

Addictive behaviors (substance use, craving, drug seeking behavior) are characterized by severe alcohol/substance use. People with addiction problems become more sensitive subtance related stimuli and they react excessive to the subtance related stimuli. This is called as attentional bias. Attentional bias occurs as impilicit/ automatic. Studies show that attentional bias plays an important role in substance craving and relapse. In this review, the reason of addiction attentional bias and its consequences was analyzed. In this frame, the attentional bias paradigms were explanied briefly. Because these paradigms are utilized as tool for attentional bias measurement. After that, the relationship between attentional bias and craving and the effect of attentional bias on relapse were summarizied. From this point it can be said that, alcohol/subtance attentional bias is positively related with craving and it can determinate the risk of relapse earlier. Attentional bias researches may benefit for treatment as usual. Because, researchers are suggested that, attentional bias is promising a usefull measurement tool to prevent the people with addiction problems from the craving and risk of relapse. However, being able to utilized attentional bias as a tool in the clinical field, it is needed to develop further theoretical knowledge and overcome methodological shortcomings.

Anahtar Kelimeler

attentional bias, craving, relapse

Dikkat Yanlılığı Araştırmalarının Aşerme ve Nüksün Doğasını Anlama Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Bağımlılık davranışları (madde kullanımı, aşerme, madde arama) şiddetli alkol/madde kullanımının bağımlılık yapıcı maddeyle ilişkili uyaranlara karşı kişinin hassaslaşarak dikkat yanlılığı geliştirmesiyle karakterize edilir. Bu süreç örtük olarak gerçekleşir. Yapılan çalışmalar dikkat yanlılığının madde aşermesi ve nüks üzerinde önemli bir rol oynadığını göstermektedir. Bu derleme çalışmasında bağımlılıkla ilgili dikkat yanlılığının nedenleri ve sonuçları incelenmiştir. Bu çerçevede öncelikle dikkat yanlılığı ölçümünde kullanılan paradigmalar ile dikkat yanlılığının nasıl araştırıldığı hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Sonrasında dikkat yanlılığı ile aşerme arasındaki ilişki ve dikkat yanlılığının nüks üzerindeki etkisinden elde edilen araştırma bulguları özetlenmiştir. İlgili literatüre göre, alkol/madde dikkat yanlılığının aşerme ile pozitif ilişkisinin olduğu ve tedavi sonrası nüks riskini öngörebileceği söylenebilir. Araştırmacılar, dikkat yanlılığı ile yapılan çalışmaların bağımlılık tedavisine yararı olabileceğini düşünmektedir. Dikkat yanlılığının, aşerme seviyesini azaltma ve nüksü önlemede kullanılabilecek bir araç haline getirilmesi klinik alanda bağımlılık tedavisi için umut vaat etmektedir. Ancak, dikkat yanlılığının sahada kullanılabilir hale gelebilmesi için daha fazla teorik bilginin geliştirilmesine ve metodolojik eksikliklerin giderilerek yeni araştırmaların ihtiyaç duyulduğuna vurgu yapılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

dikkat yanlılığı, aşerme, nüks

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