Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

COVID-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Kadınların Psikolojik Sağlamlık ve Temel İnanç Düzeyleri ve Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3, 368 - 376, 04.10.2022
https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.1056775

Öz

Çalışmada amaç; COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde kadınların psikolojik sağlamlık ve temel inanç düzeyini belirlemek ve etkileyen faktörleri incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma kesitsel tiptedir. Araştırmanın verileri Google Survey aracılığı ile online olarak 792 kadından toplanılmıştır. Verilerin toplanılmasında tanıtıcı bilgi formu, Psikolojik Sağlamlık Ölçeği ve Temel İnançlar Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler (sayı, yüzde, toplam puan) ve the Ordinary Least Square Regression (OLSR) analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Kadınların ‘’psikoloji sağlamlık ölçeği’’ puan ortalaması 66.50 ve ‘’temel inançlar ölçeği’’ toplam puanı 27.87 bulunmuştur. Kadınların COVID-19 korku puanı 10 üzerinden 6.31±1.98 olarak saptanmıştır. Yaşı ve eğitim düzeyi yüksek olan ve çalışan kadınların psikolojik sağlamlık düzeyinin daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0.05). COVID-19 korkusu ile psikolojik sağlamlık arasında negatif yönde anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Kadınların ‘’psikolojik sağlamlık ölçeği’’ puan ortalaması 66.50±13.40 ‘’temel inançlar ölçeği’’ toplam puanı 27.87±10.76 bulunmuştur. Kadınların COVID-19 korku puanı 10 üzerinden 6.31±1.98 olarak saptanmıştır. Yaşı ve eğitim düzeyi yüksek olan ve çalışan kadınların psikolojik sağlamlık düzeyinin daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0.05). COVID-19 korkusu ile psikolojik sağlamlık arasında negatif yönde anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Kadınların yaşı, çalışıyor olması ve psikolojik sağlamlık düzeyi ile temel inanç düzeyi arasında pozitif yönde bir ilişki bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Sonuç: COVID-19 pandemisinde kadınların psikolojik sağlamlık ve temel inançlar puan ortalamasının iyi düzeyde olduğu ve psikolojik sağlamlıkla temel inanç düzeyi arasında bir ilişkinin olduğu ortaya koyulmuştur. Bazı sosyo-demografik özellikler ve COVID-19 korkusu gibi durumlar kadınların psikolojik sağlamlılık ve temel inançlarını etkileyebilmektedir.

Destekleyen Kurum

yok

Proje Numarası

yok

Teşekkür

Çalışmaya katılan tüm katılımcılara teşekkür ediyoruz.

Kaynakça

  • Aydin, R., & Aktaş, S. (2021). An investigation of women’s pregnancy experiences during the covid‐19 pandemic: A qualitative study. International Journal of Clinical Practice, e14418.
  • Benassi, E., Vallone, M., Camia, M., & Scorza, M. (2020). Women during the Covid-19 lockdown: more anxiety symptoms in women with children than without children and role of the resilience. Mediterranean journal of clinical psychology, 8. https://doi.org/10.6092/2282-1619/mjcp-2559
  • Bonanno, G. A., Galea, S., Bucciarelli, A., & Vlahov, D. (2007). What predicts psychological resilience after disaster? The role of demographics, resources, and life stress. Journal of Consulting Clinical Psychology, 75(5), 671. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.75.5.671
  • Bozkurt, Y., Zeybek, Z., & Aşkın, R. (2020). Covid-19 pandemisi: Psikolojik etkileri ve terapötik müdahaleler. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 19(37), 304-318.
  • Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N., & Rubin, G. J. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. The Lancet, 395(10227), 912-920. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8
  • Cann, A., Calhoun, L. G., Tedeschi, R. G., Kilmer, R. P., Gil-Rivas, V., Vishnevsky, T., & Danhauer, S. C. (2010). The Core Beliefs Inventory: A brief measure of disruption in the assumptive world. Anxiety, Stress Coping, 23(1), 19-34. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615800802573013
  • Cao, W., Fang, Z., Hou, G., Han, M., Xu, X., Dong, J., & Zheng, J. (2020). The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry Research, 287, 112934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112934
  • CDC. (2021). Centers for Disease Control (2020). https://www.cdc.gov/women/caregivers-covid-19/index.html/Accesed 07.11.2021
  • Chen, S., & Bonanno, G. A. (2020). Psychological adjustment during the global outbreak of COVID-19: A resilience perspective. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy 12(S1), S51. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000685
  • Connor, K., & Davidson, J. (2003). Development of a new resilience scale: The Connor‐Davidson resilience scale (CD‐RISC). Depression and Anxiety, 18(2), 76-82.
  • Cooke, F. L., Cooper, B., Bartram, T., Wang, J., & Mei, H. (2019). Mapping the relationships between high-performance work systems, employee resilience and engagement: A study of the banking industry in China. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 30(8), 1239-1260. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2015.1137618
  • Coulombe, S., Pacheco, T., Cox, E., Khalil, C., Doucerain, M. M., Auger, E., & Meunier, S. (2020). Risk and resilience factors during the COVID-19 pandemic: a snapshot of the experiences of Canadian workers early on in the crisis. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 3225. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.580702
  • Çutuk, S., Beyleroğlu, M., Hazar, M., Çutuk, Z. A., & Bezci, Ş. (2017). Judo sporcularının psikolojik dayanıklılık düzeyleri ile kaygı düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(1), 109-117.
  • Deniz, S., Çimen, M., & Yüksel, O. (2020). Psikolojik sağlamlığın iş stresine etkisi: hastane çalışanlarına yönelik bir araştırma. İşletme Bilimi Dergisi, 8(2), 351-370. https://doi.org/ 10.22139/jobs.741576
  • Di Giorgio, E., Di Riso, D., Mioni, G., & Cellini, N. (2020). The interplay between mothers’ and children behavioral and psychological factors during COVID-19: An Italian study. European Child Adolescent Psychiatry, 30, 1401–1412 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-020-01631-3
  • Doğan, M. M., & Düzel, B. (2020). Covid-19 özelinde korku-kaygı düzeyleri. Electronic Turkish Studies, 15(4).
  • Eze, J. E., Ifeagwazi, C. M., & Chukwuorji, J. C. (2020). Core beliefs challenge and posttraumatic growth: Mediating role of rumination among internally displaced survivors of terror attacks. Journal of Happiness Studies, 21(2), 659-676. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-019-00105-x
  • Giubilini, A., Douglas, T., Maslen, H., & Savulescu, J. (2018). Quarantine, isolation and the duty of easy rescue in public health. Developing World Bioethics, 18(2), 182-189. https://doi.org/10.1111/dewb.12165
  • Haselden, M. (2014). Üniversite öğrencilerinde travma sonrası büyümeyi yordayan çeşitli değişkenlerin Türk ve Amerikan kültürlerinde incelenmesi: Bir model önerisi [Doctoral Thesis, Hacettepe Üniversites]. Ankara.
  • Haspolat, A. (2019). Travma sonrası stres belirtileri ve travma sonrası büyüme: Tmel inançlardaki değişim, ruminasyonlar ve bilgece farkındalığın rolü [Master's Thesis, Başkent Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü]. Ankara.
  • IAC. (2020). Global Carer Factes. https://internationalcarers.org / Accesed 07.11.2020
  • Karaırmak, Ö. (2010). Establishing the psychometric qualities of the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis in a trauma survivor sample. Psychiatry Research, 179(3), 350-356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2009.09.012
  • Karal, E., & Biçer, B. G. (2020). Salgın hastalık döneminde algılanan sosyal desteğin bireylerin psikolojik sağlamlığı üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi. Birey ve Toplum Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(1), 129-156. https://doi.org/10.20493/birtop.726411
  • Karaşar, B., & Canlı, D. (2020). Psychological resilience and depression during the Covid-19 pandemic in Turkey. Psychiatria Danubina, 32(2), 273-279. https://doi.org/10.24869/psyd.2020.273
  • Kasapoğlu, F. (2020). COVID-19 Salgını Sürecinde Kaygı ile Maneviyat, Psikolojik Sağlamlık ve Belirsizliğe Tahammülsüzlük Arasındaki İlişkilerin İncelenmesi. Electronic Turkish Studies, 15(4). https://doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.44284
  • Kılınç, T., & Sis Çelik, A. (2021). Relationship between the social support and psychological resilience levels perceived by nurses during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A study from Turkey. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 57(3), 1000-1008. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12648
  • Killgore, W. D., Taylor, E. C., Cloonan, S. A., & Dailey, N. S. (2020). Psychological resilience during the COVID-19 lockdown. Psychiatry Research, 291, 113216. https://doi.org/0.1016/j.psychres.2020.113216
  • Kimhi, S., & Eshel, Y. (2019). Measuring national resilience: A new short version of the scale (NR‐13). Journal of community psychology, 47(3), 517-528. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.22135
  • Kimhi, S., Marciano, H., Eshel, Y., & Adini, B. (2020). Resilience and demographic characteristics predicting distress during the COVID-19 crisis. Social Science Medicine, 265, 113389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113389
  • Kımter, N. (2020). Covid-19 günlerinde bireylerin psikolojik sağlamlık düzeylerinin bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi. IBAD Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 574-605. https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.805481
  • Lai, J., Ma, S., Wang, Y., Cai, Z., Hu, J., Wei, N., Wu, J., Du, H., Chen, T., & Li, R. (2020). Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019. JAMA Network Open, 3(3), e203976-e203976. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976
  • Lau, B. H., Chan, C. L., & Ng, S.-M. (2021). Resilience of Hong Kong people in the COVID-19 pandemic: lessons learned from a survey at the peak of the pandemic in Spring 2020. Asia Pacific Journal of Social Work Developmental Psychology, 31(1-2), 105-114. https://doi.org/10.1080/02185385.2020.1778516
  • Li, S., Wang, Y., Xue, J., Zhao, N., & Zhu, T. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 epidemic declaration on psychological consequences: a study on active Weibo users. International Journal of Environmental Research Public Health, 17(6), 2032. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17062032
  • Lianchao, A., & Tingting, M. (2020). Mindfulness, rumination and post-traumatic growth in a Chinese cancer sample. Psychology, Health Medicine, 25(1), 37-44. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2019.1612079
  • Liu, N., Zhang, F., Wei, C., Jia, Y., Shang, Z., Sun, L., Wu, L., Sun, Z., Zhou, Y., & Wang, Y. (2020). Prevalence and predictors of PTSS during COVID-19 outbreak in China hardest-hit areas: Gender differences matter. Psychiatry Research, 287, 112921. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112921
  • Luu, T. T. (2021). Worker resilience during the COVID-19 crisis: The role of core beliefs challenge, emotion regulation, and family strain. Personality Individual Differences, 179, 110784. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2021.110784
  • Machisa, M. T., Christofides, N., & Jewkes, R. (2018). Social support factors associated with psychological resilience among women survivors of intimate partner violence in Gauteng, South Africa. Global Health Action, 11(sup3), 1491114. https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2018.1491114
  • Milman, E., Lee, S. A., Neimeyer, R. A., Mathis, A. A., & Jobe, M. C. (2020). Modeling pandemic depression and anxiety: The mediational role of core beliefs and meaning making. Journal of Affective Disorders Reports, 2, 100023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadr.2020.100023
  • Moghanibashi-Mansourieh, A. (2020). Assessing the anxiety level of Iranian general population during COVID-19 outbreak. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 51, 102076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102076.
  • Mukhtar, S. (2020). Mental health and psychosocial aspects of coronavirus outbreak in Pakistan: psychological intervention for public mental health crisis. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 51, 102069. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102069
  • Özyanık, T. (2020). Toplumsal travma döneminde bireylerin; travma sonrası gelişimleri, temel inançlardaki sarsılmalar ve ahlak yargılarının incelenmesi [Master's Thesis, Üsküdar Üniversitesi]. İstanbul.
  • Panzeri, A., Bertamini, M., Butter, S., Levita, L., Gibson-Miller, J., Vidotto, G., Bentall, R. P., & Bennett, K. M. (2021). Factors impacting resilience as a result of exposure to COVID-19: The ecological resilience model. Plos One, 16(8), e0256041. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256041
  • Parmaksız, İ. (2020). İyimserlik, özgecilik ve medeni durumun psikolojik dayanıklılık üzerindeki etkileri. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 48, 285-302. https://doi.org/10.9779/pauefd.576186
  • Riehm, K. E., Brenneke, S. G., Adams, L. B., Gilan, D., Lieb, K., Kunzler, A. M., Smail, E. J., Holingue, C., Stuart, E. A., & Kalb, L. G. (2021). Association between psychological resilience and changes in mental distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Affective Disorders, 282, 381-385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.071
  • Roberto, A., Sellon, A., Cherry, S. T., Hunter-Jones, J., & Winslow, H. (2020). Impact of spirituality on resilience and coping during the COVID-19 crisis: A mixed-method approach investigating the impact on women. Health Care for Women International, 41(11-12), 1313-1334. https://doi.org/10.1080/07399332.2020.1832097
  • Satici, B., Gocet-Tekin, E., Deniz, M. E., & Satici, S. A. (2020). Adaptation of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Its association with psychological distress and life satisfaction in Turkey. International Journal of Mental Health Addiction, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00294-0
  • Shanahan, L., Steinhoff, A., Bechtiger, L., Murray, A. L., Nivette, A., Hepp, U., Ribeaud, D., & Eisner, M. (2020). Emotional distress in young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence of risk and resilience from a longitudinal cohort study. Psychological Medicine, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329172000241X
  • Shevlin, M., McBride, O., Murphy, J., Miller, J. G., Hartman, T. K., Levita, L., Mason, L., Martinez, A. P., McKay, R., & Stocks, T. V. (2020). Anxiety, depression, traumatic stress and COVID-19-related anxiety in the UK general population during the COVID-19 pandemic. J BJPsych Open, 6(6). https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2020.109
  • Song, L., Wang, Y., Li, Z., Yang, Y., & Li, H. (2020). Mental health and work attitudes among people resuming work during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in China. International Journal of Environmental Research Public Health, 17(14), 5059. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145059
  • Taşğın, Ö., Bozgeyikli, H., & Boğazliyan, E. E. (2017). Üniversiteli gençlerin işsizlik kaygilari ile psikolojik dayanikliliklari arasindaki ilişki. Hak İş Uluslararası Emek ve Toplum Dergisi, 6(16), 551-567.
  • TTB. (2020). Covid-19 Pandemisi İki Aylık Değerlendirme Raporu. Türk Tabipleri Birliği. Retrieved 07.10.2121 from https://www.ttb.org.tr/userfiles/files/covid19-rapor.pdf
  • TUBA. (2020). Covid-19 Pandemi Değerlendirme Raporu. Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi. http://www.tuba.gov.tr/files/images/2020/kovidraporu/Covid-19%20Raporu-Final+.pdf /Accesed 02.05.2021
  • Tuğral, R. (2020). Ergenlerde yalnızlık, psikolojik sağlamlık, algılanan sosyal destek ve sosyal görünüş kaygısı [Master's Thesis Nişantaşı Üniversitesi]. İstanbul.
  • Uzar-Özçetin, Y. S., Sarıoğlu, G., & Dursun, S. I. l. (2019). Resilience, Burnout and Psychological Well-Being Levels of Oncology Nurses. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 11, 147-164. https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.598097
  • Wang, C., Pan, R., Wan, X., Tan, Y., Xu, L., Ho, C. S., & Ho, R. C. (2020). Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. International Journal of Environmental Research, 17(5), 1729. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051729
  • WHO. (2020). Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard. World Health Organization Retrieved https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019 /Accesed 02.05.2021
  • Yıldırım, M., Arslan, G., & Ahmad Aziz, I. (2020). Why do people high in COVID-19 worry have more mental health disorders? The roles of resilience and meaning in life. Psychiatria Danubina, 32(3-4), 505-512. https://doi.org/10.24869/psyd.2020.505

An Investigation of Psychological Resilience and Core Belief Levels of Women During the Covid-19 Pandemic and Affecting Factors

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3, 368 - 376, 04.10.2022
https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.1056775

Öz

Aim: The aim of the study is to determine the psychological resilience and core belief levels of women during the COVID-19 pandemic period and examine the affecting factors. Method: The study is in a cross-sectional design. The data were collected from 792 women using the Descriptive Information Form, the Psychological Resilience Scale, and the Core Beliefs Inventory. Descriptive statistics and the Ordinary Least Square Regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean score of the “psychological resilience scale” was 66.50±13.40 and “core beliefs inventory” was 27.87±10.76. The COVID-19 fear score of women was found to be 6.31±1.98 out of 10. The psychological resilience levels were higher in working women, older women, and those with higher education levels (p<0.05). A negative significant relationship was found between the fear of COVID-19 and psychological resilience (p<0.05), and a positive correlation was found between women's age, working status, psychological resilience, and core belief levels (p<0.05). Conclusion: The mean score of psychological resilience and core beliefs of women in the COVID-19 pandemic was found to be moderately good. Some socio-demographic characteristics and factors can affect women's resilience and core beliefs.

Proje Numarası

yok

Kaynakça

  • Aydin, R., & Aktaş, S. (2021). An investigation of women’s pregnancy experiences during the covid‐19 pandemic: A qualitative study. International Journal of Clinical Practice, e14418.
  • Benassi, E., Vallone, M., Camia, M., & Scorza, M. (2020). Women during the Covid-19 lockdown: more anxiety symptoms in women with children than without children and role of the resilience. Mediterranean journal of clinical psychology, 8. https://doi.org/10.6092/2282-1619/mjcp-2559
  • Bonanno, G. A., Galea, S., Bucciarelli, A., & Vlahov, D. (2007). What predicts psychological resilience after disaster? The role of demographics, resources, and life stress. Journal of Consulting Clinical Psychology, 75(5), 671. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.75.5.671
  • Bozkurt, Y., Zeybek, Z., & Aşkın, R. (2020). Covid-19 pandemisi: Psikolojik etkileri ve terapötik müdahaleler. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 19(37), 304-318.
  • Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N., & Rubin, G. J. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. The Lancet, 395(10227), 912-920. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8
  • Cann, A., Calhoun, L. G., Tedeschi, R. G., Kilmer, R. P., Gil-Rivas, V., Vishnevsky, T., & Danhauer, S. C. (2010). The Core Beliefs Inventory: A brief measure of disruption in the assumptive world. Anxiety, Stress Coping, 23(1), 19-34. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615800802573013
  • Cao, W., Fang, Z., Hou, G., Han, M., Xu, X., Dong, J., & Zheng, J. (2020). The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry Research, 287, 112934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112934
  • CDC. (2021). Centers for Disease Control (2020). https://www.cdc.gov/women/caregivers-covid-19/index.html/Accesed 07.11.2021
  • Chen, S., & Bonanno, G. A. (2020). Psychological adjustment during the global outbreak of COVID-19: A resilience perspective. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy 12(S1), S51. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000685
  • Connor, K., & Davidson, J. (2003). Development of a new resilience scale: The Connor‐Davidson resilience scale (CD‐RISC). Depression and Anxiety, 18(2), 76-82.
  • Cooke, F. L., Cooper, B., Bartram, T., Wang, J., & Mei, H. (2019). Mapping the relationships between high-performance work systems, employee resilience and engagement: A study of the banking industry in China. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 30(8), 1239-1260. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2015.1137618
  • Coulombe, S., Pacheco, T., Cox, E., Khalil, C., Doucerain, M. M., Auger, E., & Meunier, S. (2020). Risk and resilience factors during the COVID-19 pandemic: a snapshot of the experiences of Canadian workers early on in the crisis. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 3225. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.580702
  • Çutuk, S., Beyleroğlu, M., Hazar, M., Çutuk, Z. A., & Bezci, Ş. (2017). Judo sporcularının psikolojik dayanıklılık düzeyleri ile kaygı düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(1), 109-117.
  • Deniz, S., Çimen, M., & Yüksel, O. (2020). Psikolojik sağlamlığın iş stresine etkisi: hastane çalışanlarına yönelik bir araştırma. İşletme Bilimi Dergisi, 8(2), 351-370. https://doi.org/ 10.22139/jobs.741576
  • Di Giorgio, E., Di Riso, D., Mioni, G., & Cellini, N. (2020). The interplay between mothers’ and children behavioral and psychological factors during COVID-19: An Italian study. European Child Adolescent Psychiatry, 30, 1401–1412 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-020-01631-3
  • Doğan, M. M., & Düzel, B. (2020). Covid-19 özelinde korku-kaygı düzeyleri. Electronic Turkish Studies, 15(4).
  • Eze, J. E., Ifeagwazi, C. M., & Chukwuorji, J. C. (2020). Core beliefs challenge and posttraumatic growth: Mediating role of rumination among internally displaced survivors of terror attacks. Journal of Happiness Studies, 21(2), 659-676. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-019-00105-x
  • Giubilini, A., Douglas, T., Maslen, H., & Savulescu, J. (2018). Quarantine, isolation and the duty of easy rescue in public health. Developing World Bioethics, 18(2), 182-189. https://doi.org/10.1111/dewb.12165
  • Haselden, M. (2014). Üniversite öğrencilerinde travma sonrası büyümeyi yordayan çeşitli değişkenlerin Türk ve Amerikan kültürlerinde incelenmesi: Bir model önerisi [Doctoral Thesis, Hacettepe Üniversites]. Ankara.
  • Haspolat, A. (2019). Travma sonrası stres belirtileri ve travma sonrası büyüme: Tmel inançlardaki değişim, ruminasyonlar ve bilgece farkındalığın rolü [Master's Thesis, Başkent Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü]. Ankara.
  • IAC. (2020). Global Carer Factes. https://internationalcarers.org / Accesed 07.11.2020
  • Karaırmak, Ö. (2010). Establishing the psychometric qualities of the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis in a trauma survivor sample. Psychiatry Research, 179(3), 350-356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2009.09.012
  • Karal, E., & Biçer, B. G. (2020). Salgın hastalık döneminde algılanan sosyal desteğin bireylerin psikolojik sağlamlığı üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi. Birey ve Toplum Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(1), 129-156. https://doi.org/10.20493/birtop.726411
  • Karaşar, B., & Canlı, D. (2020). Psychological resilience and depression during the Covid-19 pandemic in Turkey. Psychiatria Danubina, 32(2), 273-279. https://doi.org/10.24869/psyd.2020.273
  • Kasapoğlu, F. (2020). COVID-19 Salgını Sürecinde Kaygı ile Maneviyat, Psikolojik Sağlamlık ve Belirsizliğe Tahammülsüzlük Arasındaki İlişkilerin İncelenmesi. Electronic Turkish Studies, 15(4). https://doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.44284
  • Kılınç, T., & Sis Çelik, A. (2021). Relationship between the social support and psychological resilience levels perceived by nurses during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A study from Turkey. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 57(3), 1000-1008. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12648
  • Killgore, W. D., Taylor, E. C., Cloonan, S. A., & Dailey, N. S. (2020). Psychological resilience during the COVID-19 lockdown. Psychiatry Research, 291, 113216. https://doi.org/0.1016/j.psychres.2020.113216
  • Kimhi, S., & Eshel, Y. (2019). Measuring national resilience: A new short version of the scale (NR‐13). Journal of community psychology, 47(3), 517-528. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.22135
  • Kimhi, S., Marciano, H., Eshel, Y., & Adini, B. (2020). Resilience and demographic characteristics predicting distress during the COVID-19 crisis. Social Science Medicine, 265, 113389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113389
  • Kımter, N. (2020). Covid-19 günlerinde bireylerin psikolojik sağlamlık düzeylerinin bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi. IBAD Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 574-605. https://doi.org/10.21733/ibad.805481
  • Lai, J., Ma, S., Wang, Y., Cai, Z., Hu, J., Wei, N., Wu, J., Du, H., Chen, T., & Li, R. (2020). Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019. JAMA Network Open, 3(3), e203976-e203976. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976
  • Lau, B. H., Chan, C. L., & Ng, S.-M. (2021). Resilience of Hong Kong people in the COVID-19 pandemic: lessons learned from a survey at the peak of the pandemic in Spring 2020. Asia Pacific Journal of Social Work Developmental Psychology, 31(1-2), 105-114. https://doi.org/10.1080/02185385.2020.1778516
  • Li, S., Wang, Y., Xue, J., Zhao, N., & Zhu, T. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 epidemic declaration on psychological consequences: a study on active Weibo users. International Journal of Environmental Research Public Health, 17(6), 2032. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17062032
  • Lianchao, A., & Tingting, M. (2020). Mindfulness, rumination and post-traumatic growth in a Chinese cancer sample. Psychology, Health Medicine, 25(1), 37-44. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2019.1612079
  • Liu, N., Zhang, F., Wei, C., Jia, Y., Shang, Z., Sun, L., Wu, L., Sun, Z., Zhou, Y., & Wang, Y. (2020). Prevalence and predictors of PTSS during COVID-19 outbreak in China hardest-hit areas: Gender differences matter. Psychiatry Research, 287, 112921. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112921
  • Luu, T. T. (2021). Worker resilience during the COVID-19 crisis: The role of core beliefs challenge, emotion regulation, and family strain. Personality Individual Differences, 179, 110784. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2021.110784
  • Machisa, M. T., Christofides, N., & Jewkes, R. (2018). Social support factors associated with psychological resilience among women survivors of intimate partner violence in Gauteng, South Africa. Global Health Action, 11(sup3), 1491114. https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2018.1491114
  • Milman, E., Lee, S. A., Neimeyer, R. A., Mathis, A. A., & Jobe, M. C. (2020). Modeling pandemic depression and anxiety: The mediational role of core beliefs and meaning making. Journal of Affective Disorders Reports, 2, 100023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadr.2020.100023
  • Moghanibashi-Mansourieh, A. (2020). Assessing the anxiety level of Iranian general population during COVID-19 outbreak. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 51, 102076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102076.
  • Mukhtar, S. (2020). Mental health and psychosocial aspects of coronavirus outbreak in Pakistan: psychological intervention for public mental health crisis. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 51, 102069. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102069
  • Özyanık, T. (2020). Toplumsal travma döneminde bireylerin; travma sonrası gelişimleri, temel inançlardaki sarsılmalar ve ahlak yargılarının incelenmesi [Master's Thesis, Üsküdar Üniversitesi]. İstanbul.
  • Panzeri, A., Bertamini, M., Butter, S., Levita, L., Gibson-Miller, J., Vidotto, G., Bentall, R. P., & Bennett, K. M. (2021). Factors impacting resilience as a result of exposure to COVID-19: The ecological resilience model. Plos One, 16(8), e0256041. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256041
  • Parmaksız, İ. (2020). İyimserlik, özgecilik ve medeni durumun psikolojik dayanıklılık üzerindeki etkileri. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 48, 285-302. https://doi.org/10.9779/pauefd.576186
  • Riehm, K. E., Brenneke, S. G., Adams, L. B., Gilan, D., Lieb, K., Kunzler, A. M., Smail, E. J., Holingue, C., Stuart, E. A., & Kalb, L. G. (2021). Association between psychological resilience and changes in mental distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Affective Disorders, 282, 381-385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.071
  • Roberto, A., Sellon, A., Cherry, S. T., Hunter-Jones, J., & Winslow, H. (2020). Impact of spirituality on resilience and coping during the COVID-19 crisis: A mixed-method approach investigating the impact on women. Health Care for Women International, 41(11-12), 1313-1334. https://doi.org/10.1080/07399332.2020.1832097
  • Satici, B., Gocet-Tekin, E., Deniz, M. E., & Satici, S. A. (2020). Adaptation of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Its association with psychological distress and life satisfaction in Turkey. International Journal of Mental Health Addiction, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00294-0
  • Shanahan, L., Steinhoff, A., Bechtiger, L., Murray, A. L., Nivette, A., Hepp, U., Ribeaud, D., & Eisner, M. (2020). Emotional distress in young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence of risk and resilience from a longitudinal cohort study. Psychological Medicine, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329172000241X
  • Shevlin, M., McBride, O., Murphy, J., Miller, J. G., Hartman, T. K., Levita, L., Mason, L., Martinez, A. P., McKay, R., & Stocks, T. V. (2020). Anxiety, depression, traumatic stress and COVID-19-related anxiety in the UK general population during the COVID-19 pandemic. J BJPsych Open, 6(6). https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2020.109
  • Song, L., Wang, Y., Li, Z., Yang, Y., & Li, H. (2020). Mental health and work attitudes among people resuming work during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in China. International Journal of Environmental Research Public Health, 17(14), 5059. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145059
  • Taşğın, Ö., Bozgeyikli, H., & Boğazliyan, E. E. (2017). Üniversiteli gençlerin işsizlik kaygilari ile psikolojik dayanikliliklari arasindaki ilişki. Hak İş Uluslararası Emek ve Toplum Dergisi, 6(16), 551-567.
  • TTB. (2020). Covid-19 Pandemisi İki Aylık Değerlendirme Raporu. Türk Tabipleri Birliği. Retrieved 07.10.2121 from https://www.ttb.org.tr/userfiles/files/covid19-rapor.pdf
  • TUBA. (2020). Covid-19 Pandemi Değerlendirme Raporu. Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi. http://www.tuba.gov.tr/files/images/2020/kovidraporu/Covid-19%20Raporu-Final+.pdf /Accesed 02.05.2021
  • Tuğral, R. (2020). Ergenlerde yalnızlık, psikolojik sağlamlık, algılanan sosyal destek ve sosyal görünüş kaygısı [Master's Thesis Nişantaşı Üniversitesi]. İstanbul.
  • Uzar-Özçetin, Y. S., Sarıoğlu, G., & Dursun, S. I. l. (2019). Resilience, Burnout and Psychological Well-Being Levels of Oncology Nurses. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 11, 147-164. https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.598097
  • Wang, C., Pan, R., Wan, X., Tan, Y., Xu, L., Ho, C. S., & Ho, R. C. (2020). Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. International Journal of Environmental Research, 17(5), 1729. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051729
  • WHO. (2020). Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard. World Health Organization Retrieved https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019 /Accesed 02.05.2021
  • Yıldırım, M., Arslan, G., & Ahmad Aziz, I. (2020). Why do people high in COVID-19 worry have more mental health disorders? The roles of resilience and meaning in life. Psychiatria Danubina, 32(3-4), 505-512. https://doi.org/10.24869/psyd.2020.505
Toplam 57 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ruveyde Aydın 0000-0003-4604-4570

Songül Aktaş 0000-0001-8506-4844

Dilek Kaloğlu Binici 0000-0002-1142-1148

Proje Numarası yok
Yayımlanma Tarihi 4 Ekim 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 12 Ocak 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Aydın, R., Aktaş, S., & Kaloğlu Binici, D. (2022). An Investigation of Psychological Resilience and Core Belief Levels of Women During the Covid-19 Pandemic and Affecting Factors. Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(3), 368-376. https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.1056775

Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi

Dergimiz Açık Erişim Politikasını benimsemiş olup dergimize gönderilen yayınlar için gerek değerlendirme gerekse yayınlama dahil yazarlardan hiçbir ücret talep edilmemektedir. 

Creative Commons License

Bu eser Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.