Possibilities and Problems of camera Trap Using in Wildlife Observation and Monitoring Studies

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 3, 638 - 652, 15.12.2018

Ömer Kara , Kamil Çakıroğlu Necla Koralay

Öz

In fact, soil erosion, which is a natural
process, has reached dangerous situation in our country as a result of
increasing human impact on natural resources and misuse of land. Some equations
such as EUROSEM LISEM, SWAT, WEPP have been developed in order to be able to
make decisions about reducing this effect and trying to put out annual average
soil losses. The study area whose name is the Foldere Stream Micro watershed
covering Vakfıkebir and Tonya Districts in Trabzon is located in the Eastern
Black Sea Region of Turkey. The Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and
Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and geo-statistical methods, which are
widely used in the world, have been used to calculate soil erosion amount in
the study. As a result, the mean values of R, K, LS and C variables were
determined as 422.0 MJ ha-1 mm hour-1 yıl-1, 0.0182 tha hour ha-1 MJ-1 mm-1,
10.7 and 0.02, respectively. Estimated annual average soil loss in the Foldere
Watershed is 3.76 ton / ha. When the average annual soil loss of 6.5 ton / ha
is taken in Turkey, it is understood that the loss of land in the watershed
below the average of Turkey. The results obtained in the study are indicative
of the application of erosion control strategies and the study of watershed
planning.

Anahtar Kelimeler

RUSLE, Watershed management, soil erosion

Foldere Yağış Havzasında Rusle Yöntemine Göre Toprak Erozyonunun Belirlenmesi

Öz

Gerçekte doğal bir süreç olan toprak erozyonu doğal kaynaklar üzerindeki
artan insan etkisi ve yanlış arazi kullanımı sonucunda ülkemizde tehlikeli
boyutlara ulaşmıştır. Meydana gelen bu etkiyi azaltmaya yönelik kararlar
alınabilmesi için EUROSEM, LISEM, SWAT, WEPP gibi bazı eşitlikler
geliştirilerek yıllık ortalama toprak kayıpları ortaya konulmaya
çalışılmaktadır. Çalışma alanı, Türkiye’nin Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesinde bulunan
Trabzon ili Vakfıkebir ve Tonya İlçelerini kapsayan Fol Deresi Mikro
Havzasıdır. Çalışmada toprak erozyonu miktarının hesaplanmasında dünyada yaygın
olarak kullanılan Evrensel Toprak Kaybı Denklemi (RUSLE) ve Coğrafi Bilgi
Sistemleri (CBS) ve jeo-istatistiksel yöntemler kullanılmıştır. Çalışma
sonucunda, sırasıyla ortalama R, K, LS ve C değişken değerleri 422.0 MJ ha-1 mm
saat-1 yıl-1, 0.0182 tha saat ha-1 MJ-1 mm-1, 10.7 ve 0.026 olarak
belirlenmiştir. Bu verilere göre; Fol Deresi Havzasında yıllık ortalama toprak
kaybı 3,76 ton/ha hesaplanmıştır. Türkiye’de ortalama yıllık toprak kaybı 6,5
ton/ha olarak alındığında, havzadaki toprak kaybının Türkiye ortalamasının
altında olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen veriler erozyon
kontrol stratejilerinin uygulanması ve havza planlanması çalışmalarında yol
gösterici niteliktedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Havza amenajmanı, RUSLE, toprak erozyonu

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