Effects of Air Pollution on Some Chemical Compounds of Cherry Laurel (Prunus Laurocerasus L.) in Kastamonu

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 2, 486 - 494, 15.08.2019

Nezahat Turfan , Özlem Meşe

Öz

Industrialization and overuse of automobiles result in the release of
toxic matter in the air which may induce harmful effect on the living system
such as plant, animal, soil fauna. All pollutants from traffic and factories
suppress plant growth and development by preventing physiological and
biochemical reactions. However, trees can play an important role in improvement
the air quality by prevention of environmental pollution in the urban environment.
The present study was conducted in Kastamonu city. It purpose was to point out
the impacts of air pollution caused traffic on chemical compositions in Prunus
laurocerasus L. For this purpose, we collected leaf sample of trees from areas
away from the traffic for control, while polluted sample were selected from
regions where the traffic was heavy (Salıpazarı) and less dense (Kısla park) in
Kastamonu city center. In each of leaf sample, the amount of chlorophyll
pigments, carotenoid, total soluble protein, MDA-malondialdehyde, H2O2,
enzymatic antioxidants such as APX, CAT, GPOX and SOD activities, and
non-enzymatic antioxidants measurements were performed. According to data, the
amount of chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll, and CAT and GPOX activities was
determined higher in non-polluted plant but chlorophyll a, proline, total
soluble carbohydrate and SOD activity enhanced excessively contaminated leaf.
APX activity was the highest in lighter contaminated leaf samples but H2O2 was
the lowest. As a result, it could be concluded that the growth and development
of cherry laurel was found to be affected traffic pollution depended on the
severity of pollution. And also, on the basis of this study it can be said that
cherry laurel is resistant to air pollution, and the results could be used in
the future research to understand the role of individual tree species in air pollution.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Prunus laurocerasus L., Chemicals, pollution, tolerance

Kastamonu'da Taflanın (Prunus Laurocerasus L.) Bazı Kimyasal Bileşikler Üzerine Hava Kirliliğinin Etkisi

Öz

Sanayileşme ve aşırı
otomobil kullanımı, bitki, hayvan, toprak faunası gibi yaşam sistemi üzerinde
zararlı etkiye neden olabilecek havada toksik maddenin salınımına neden
olmaktadır. Trafikten ve fabrikalardan kaynaklanan tüm kirleticiler, fizyolojik
ve biyokimyasal reaksiyonları engelleyerek bitki büyümesini ve gelişimini baskı
altına alır. Bununla birlikte, ağaçlar, şehir ortamındaki çevre kirliliğini
önleyerek hava kalitesinin iyileştirilmesinde önemli bir rol oynayabilir. Bu
çalışma, Kastamonu ilinde yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı trafiğe bağlı hava
kirliliğinin Prunus laurocerasus L.'
deki kimyasal bileşimler üzerindeki etkilerine dikkat çekmektir. Bu amaçla,
Kastamonu şehir merkezinde trafikten uzak alanlardan kontrol numunesi
toplanırken, kirli örnekler ise trafiğin yoğun (Salıpazarı) ve az yoğun (Kışla
parkı) olduğu alanlardan seçilmiştir. Yaprak numunesinin her birinde klorofil
pigmentleri, karotenoid, toplam çözünür protein, MDA-malondialdehit, H₂O₂
APX, CAT, GPOX ve SOD aktiviteleri gibi enzimatik antioksidanlar ve enzimatik
olmayan antioksidanlar ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Verilere göre, klorofil b ve
toplam klorofilin miktarı, CAT ve GPOX aktiviteleri, kirletilmeyen bitkilerde
daha yüksek olarak belirlenmiştir fakat klorofil a, prolin, toplam çözünür
karbonhidrat ve SOD aktivitesi çok fazla kirlenmiş yaprakta artmıştır. APX
aktivitesi daha az kirlenmiş yaprak örneklerinde en yüksek ancak H₂O₂
ise en düşük seviyedeydi. Sonuç olarak, taflanın büyümesinin ve gelişmesinin,
kirliliğin şiddetine bağlı olarak trafik kirliliğinin etkilediği sonucuna
varılabilir. Ayrıca, bu çalışmanın temelinde, taflanın hava kirliliğine karşı
dirençli olduğu söylenebilir ve sonuçlar, 
hava kirliliğinde bireysel ağaç türlerinin rolünü anlamak için daha
sonraki araştırmalarda kullanılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Prunus laurocerasus L., Kimyasal, kirlilik, tolerans

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