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TRANSITION FROM INTERNATIONAL TRADE THEORIES TO DESTINATION COMPETITIVENESS MODELS: A CONCEPTUAL EVALUATION

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 1, 203 - 228, 24.03.2020

Mehmet Halit Akın , Kurtuluş Karamustafa , Yüksel Öztürk

https://doi.org/10.11616/basbed.v20i53206.659726
Cited By: 2

Öz

The evaluation of the factors causing the competitiveness of international tourism within the scope of global trade theories will contribute to a better understanding of destination competitiveness models and their roots. In this context, the main purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between international trade theories and the models of destination competitiveness that reveal the reasons of international trade and the reasons for the companies to turn to competitiveness and to contribute to the relevant knowledge. In other words, this study focuses on the process of transition from international trade theories to destination competitiveness models. Within the scope of the research, literature was searched on the subject, international trade theories and destination competitiveness models were discussed in detail and evaluated as a whole. It is concluded that there is a need for destination competitiveness models as a result of the contradictions between traditional and new approaches in international trade theories, but it is understood that there is a relationship between international trade theories and competition models in terms of focal points and the common benefits they offer.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Destination Destination Competitiveness International Trade Theories

Kaynakça

  • Aizenman, J. and Lee, J. (2007). International Reserves: Precautionary Versus Mercantilist Views, Theory and Evidence. Open Economies Review, 18: 191–214.
  • Aktan, C. C. (2010). Monetarizm ve Rasyonel Beklentiler Teorisi. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi, 2 (1), 168-187.
  • Arıca, F. (2014). Türkiye'nin Dış Ticaret Potansiyelinin Genişletilmiş Linder Hipotezi Çerçevesinde Değerlendirilmesi: Bir Panel Data Analizi (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2014) . Ulusal Tez Merkezi, 363110.
  • Bakhshinejad, M. (2014). Porter's Competitive Advantage Model and its Application in Bottled Drinking Water in Iran. Agricultura Tropica Et Subtropica. 47(2): 60-67.
  • Banaji, J. (1994). The Farmers' Movements: A Critique of Conservative Rural Coalitions. The Journal of Peasant Studies, 21 (3-4), 228-245.
  • Bahar, O. ve Baldemir, E. (2008). Uluslararası Ticaret ile Uluslararası Turizm Arasındaki Nedensellik İlişkisi: Türkiye Örneği. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 10 (4): 97-111.
  • Bayraktutan, Y. (2003). Bilgi ve Uluslararası Ticaret Teorileri. C.Ü. İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi. 4(2): 175-186.
  • Benedetti, J., (2000). The Competitiveness of Brazil as a Dutch Holiday Destination. (PhD. Thesis Booklet, University of Applied Sciences Master Program, Tourism Destination Management).
  • Bobirca, A. and Cristureanu, C. (2008). Analyzing Romania's Competitiveness as a Tourism Destination. Advances in Hospitality and Leisure, 4, 75-99.
  • Bordas, E. (1994). Competitiveness of Tourist Destinations in Long Distance Markets. Tourism Review. 4(3): 3-9.
  • Çelik, P. (2014). Antalya Turizm Destinasyonun Rekabetçilik Analizi (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Akdeniz Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2014) . Ulusal Tez Merkezi, 363365.
  • Charbit, Y. and Virmani, A. (2002). The Political Failure of an Economic Theory: Physiocracy. Institut National d'Etudes Démographiques, 57 (6), 855-883.
  • Cho, D. S. and Moon, H. C. (2000). From Adam Smith to Michael Porter: Evolution of Competitiveness Theory. London: World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.
  • Clarke, S. (1992). The Global Accumulation of Capital and the Periodisation of the Capitalist State Form. [URL: http://homepages.warwick.ac.uk/~syrbe/pubs/cse88.pdf], Erişim: 19 Haziran 2018.
  • Coşkun, A. (2014). Dış Ticaret Teorileri Kapsamında Türkiye'nin Rekabet Gücü Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme. Tekirdağ S.M.M.M. Odası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 3: 1-10.
  • Crouch, G. I. and Ritchie, J. R. B. (1999). Tourism, Competitiveness and Societal Prosperity. Journal of Business Research. 44: 137–152.
  • Çelik, P. (2014). Antalya Turizm Destinasyonunun Rekabetçilik Analizi (Doktora Tezi, Akdeniz Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2014). Ulusal Tez Merkezi, 363365.
  • Çivi, E. ve Demiray Erol, E. (2008). Ulusal Rekabet Gücünü Artırma Yolları: Literatür Araştırması. Yönetim ve Ekonomi, 15 (1): 99-114.
  • Dahlman, C. (2007): Technology, Globalization, and International Competitiveness: Challenges for Developing Countries. Industrial Development in the 21st Century: Sustainable Development Perspectives, 29-83.
  • Dragićević, V., Jovićić, D., Blesić, I., Stankov, U. and Bosković, D. (2012). Business Tourism Destination Competitiveness: A Case of Vojvodina Province (Serbia). Economic Research. 25(2): 311-332.
  • Dwyer, L. and Kim, C. (2003). Destination Competitiveness: Determinants and Indicators. Current Issues in Tourism. 6(5): 369-414.
  • Enright, M. J. and Newton, J. (2004). Tourism Destination Competitiveness: A Quantitative Approach. Tourism Management. 25: 777-788.
  • Ferreira, J. M. and Estevao, C. M. S. (2009). Regional Competitiveness of a Tourism Cluster: A Conceptual Model Proposal. Tourism & Management Studies, 5, 37-51.
  • García Sánchez, A. and Siles López, D. (2015). Tourism Destination Competitiveness and Innovation: The Case of the Spanish Mediterranean Coast. Artal-Tur, A. and Kozak, M (Editors). Destination Competitiveness, the Environment and Sustainability: Challenges and Cases, UK: CABI Publishing, 13-23.
  • Gandolfo, G. (2014). International Trade Theory and Policy (Second Edition). Berlin: Springer-Verlag Heidelberg.
  • Grant, R. (1991). Porter's Competitive Advantage of Nations: An Assessment. Strategic Management Journal, 12: 535–548.
  • Gooroochurn, N. and Sugiyarto, G. (2005). Competitiveness Indicators in the Travel and Tourism Industry. Tourism Economics, 11(1), 25-43.
  • Gupta, S. and Singh, A. (2015). Determinants of Tourism Destination Competitiveness: A Case of Bundelkhand, India, International Journal of Management Research, 6(2): 47-62.
  • Haberler, G. (1933). The Theory of International Trade. London: George Allen and Unwin.
  • Hallman, K., Müller, S. and Feiler, S. (2014). Destination Competitiveness of Winter Sport Resorts in the Alps: How Sport Tourists Perceive Destinations?. Current Issues in Tourism, 17(4): 327-349.
  • Hartz, L. (1943). Laissez-Faire Thought in Pennsylvania, 1776–1860. The Economic History Association, 3 (1): 66-77.
  • Hassan, S. S. (2000). Determinants of Market Competitiveness in an Environmentally Sustainable Tourism Industry. Journal of Travel Research. 38, 239-245.
  • Heath, E. (2002). Towards a Model to Enhance Africa's Sustainable Tourism Competitiveness. Journal of Public Administration. 37(3.1): 327-353.
  • Heath, E. (2003). Towards a Model to Enhance Destination Competitiveness: A Southern African Perspective. Journal of Hospitality - Tourism Management. 10(2): 124-142.
  • Heckscher, E. E. (1919). The Effect of Foreign Trade on the Distribution of Income. Economisk Tidskrift. Reprinted in Heckscher, E.E & Ohlin, B. (1991). Heckscher-Ohlin Trade Theory. (Translated, Edited and Introduced by Flam, H. & Flanders, H.J.). Cambridge, Mass.: The MIT Press.
  • Horvat, B. (1999). The Theory of International Trade: An Alternative Approach. New York: ST. Martin's Press, Inc.
  • Husted, S. and Melvin, M. (2012). International Economics (Ninth Edition). New Jersey: Pearson Education.
  • Irwin, D. D. (1991). Mercantilism as Strategic Trade Policy: The Anglo-Dutch Rivalry for the East India Trade. Journal of Political Economy, 99 (6): 1296-1314.
  • Islahi, A. A. (2006). The Emergence of Mercantilism as a Reaction Against Muslim Power: Some of the Evidences from History. Review of Islamic Economics, 12 (1): 137-150.
  • İşgüden, T. ve Akyüz, M. (1990). Uluslararası İktisat. İstanbul: Evrim Kitabevi.
  • Jones, R. W. (2008). Heckscher-Ohlin Trade Flows: A Re-appraisal. Trade and Development Review, 1 (1): 1-6.
  • Kazgan G. (2000). İktisadi Düşünce veya Politik İktisadın Evrimi, İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
  • Keesing, D.B. (1966). Labor Skills and Comparative Advantage. The American Economic Review, 56 (1/2): 249-258.
  • Kenen, P.B. (1965). Nature, Capital and Trade. Journal of Political Economy, 73(5): 437-460.
  • Kiernan, V. (1987). Problems of Marxist History. New Left Review, 0: 105-161.
  • Khin, E., Daengbuppha, J. and Nonsiri, P. (2014). Destination Competitiveness: A Structural Model for Measuring Attributes Competitiveness of Bagan, Myanmar. International Journal of Business, Economics and Law, 4 (2), 51-59.
  • Langdana, F. and Murphy, P. T. (2014). International Trade and Global Macro Policy. New York: Springer Science+Business Media
  • Lee, C. and Chan-Olmsted, S. M. (2004). Competitive Advantage of Broadband Internet: A Comparative Study Between South Korea and The United States. Telecommunications Policy, 28: 649-677.
  • Leontief, W. (1953). Domestic Production and Foreign Trade; The American Capital Position Re-Examined. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society. 97(4): 332-349.
  • Linder, S.B. (1961). An Essay on Trade and Transformation. New York, John Wiley.
  • Marshall, A. (2003). Money, Credit and Commerce. New York: Prometheus Boks.
  • Mazanec, J. A., Wöber, K. and Zins, A. H. (2007). Tourism Destination Competitiveness: From Definition to Explanation?. Journal of Travel Research, 46: 86-95.
  • Meek, R. L. (2003). The Economics of Physiocracy: Essays and Translations. London: Routledge Library Editions- Economics.
  • Mihajlović, I. and Krželj Čolović, Z. (2014). The Impact of Globalisation on the Development of Tourism Within Social and Economic Changes. European Scientific Journal, Special Edition, 108-120.
  • Mill, J.S. (1909). Principles of Political Economy, with some of their Applications to Social Philosophy. London: Longmans, Green and Co.
  • Mulec, I. and Wise, N. (2013). Indicating the Competitiveness of Serbia's Vojvodina Region as an Emerging Tourism Destination. Tourism Management Perspectives, 8, 68–79.
  • Negishi, T. (2001). Developments of International Trade Theory. New York, Springer Science and Business Media.
  • O’Brien, P. (2006). Provincializing the First Industrial Revolution. Working Papers of the Global Economic History Network, 17 (06): 1-39.
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ULUSLARARASI TİCARET TEORİLERİNDEN DESTİNASYON REKABETÇİLİĞİ MODELLERİNE GEÇİŞ: KAVRAMSAL BİR İNCELEME

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 1, 203 - 228, 24.03.2020

Mehmet Halit Akın , Kurtuluş Karamustafa , Yüksel Öztürk

https://doi.org/10.11616/basbed.v20i53206.659726
Cited By: 2

Öz

Uluslararası turizmin rekabetçiliğine sebep olan unsurların küresel ticaret teorileri kapsamında değerlendirmesi destinasyon rekabetçiliği modelleri ve köklerinin daha iyi anlaşılmasına katkı sağlayacaktır. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın temel amacı, uluslararası ticaretin ve işletmelerin rekabetçiliğe yönelmelerinin nedenlerini ortaya koyan uluslararası ticaret teorileri ile destinasyon rekabetçiliği modelleri arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirerek ilgili bilgi birikimine katkılar oluşturmaktır. Diğer bir ifadeyle bu çalışma, uluslararası ticaret teorilerinden destinasyon rekabetçiliği modellerine geçiş süreci üzerine kurgulanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında, konuyla ilgili literatür taraması yapılmış, uluslararası ticaret teorileri ile destinasyon rekabetçiliği modelleri ayrıntılı olarak ele alınarak bütünsel olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Uluslararası ticaret teorilerinde geleneksel ve yeni yaklaşımların bazı noktalarda birbirleriyle çelişmeleri sonucunda destinasyon rekabetçiliği modellerine duyulan ihtiyacın ortaya çıktığı sonucuna varılmış, ayrıca uluslararası ticaret teorileri ile destinasyon rekabetçiliği modelleri arasında, odak noktaları ve sundukları ortak faydalar bakımından bir ilişkinin bulunduğu anlaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Destinasyon Destinasyon Rekabetçiliği Uluslararası Ticaret Teorileri

Kaynakça

  • Aizenman, J. and Lee, J. (2007). International Reserves: Precautionary Versus Mercantilist Views, Theory and Evidence. Open Economies Review, 18: 191–214.
  • Aktan, C. C. (2010). Monetarizm ve Rasyonel Beklentiler Teorisi. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi, 2 (1), 168-187.
  • Arıca, F. (2014). Türkiye'nin Dış Ticaret Potansiyelinin Genişletilmiş Linder Hipotezi Çerçevesinde Değerlendirilmesi: Bir Panel Data Analizi (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2014) . Ulusal Tez Merkezi, 363110.
  • Bakhshinejad, M. (2014). Porter's Competitive Advantage Model and its Application in Bottled Drinking Water in Iran. Agricultura Tropica Et Subtropica. 47(2): 60-67.
  • Banaji, J. (1994). The Farmers' Movements: A Critique of Conservative Rural Coalitions. The Journal of Peasant Studies, 21 (3-4), 228-245.
  • Bahar, O. ve Baldemir, E. (2008). Uluslararası Ticaret ile Uluslararası Turizm Arasındaki Nedensellik İlişkisi: Türkiye Örneği. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 10 (4): 97-111.
  • Bayraktutan, Y. (2003). Bilgi ve Uluslararası Ticaret Teorileri. C.Ü. İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi. 4(2): 175-186.
  • Benedetti, J., (2000). The Competitiveness of Brazil as a Dutch Holiday Destination. (PhD. Thesis Booklet, University of Applied Sciences Master Program, Tourism Destination Management).
  • Bobirca, A. and Cristureanu, C. (2008). Analyzing Romania's Competitiveness as a Tourism Destination. Advances in Hospitality and Leisure, 4, 75-99.
  • Bordas, E. (1994). Competitiveness of Tourist Destinations in Long Distance Markets. Tourism Review. 4(3): 3-9.
  • Çelik, P. (2014). Antalya Turizm Destinasyonun Rekabetçilik Analizi (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Akdeniz Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2014) . Ulusal Tez Merkezi, 363365.
  • Charbit, Y. and Virmani, A. (2002). The Political Failure of an Economic Theory: Physiocracy. Institut National d'Etudes Démographiques, 57 (6), 855-883.
  • Cho, D. S. and Moon, H. C. (2000). From Adam Smith to Michael Porter: Evolution of Competitiveness Theory. London: World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.
  • Clarke, S. (1992). The Global Accumulation of Capital and the Periodisation of the Capitalist State Form. [URL: http://homepages.warwick.ac.uk/~syrbe/pubs/cse88.pdf], Erişim: 19 Haziran 2018.
  • Coşkun, A. (2014). Dış Ticaret Teorileri Kapsamında Türkiye'nin Rekabet Gücü Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme. Tekirdağ S.M.M.M. Odası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 3: 1-10.
  • Crouch, G. I. and Ritchie, J. R. B. (1999). Tourism, Competitiveness and Societal Prosperity. Journal of Business Research. 44: 137–152.
  • Çelik, P. (2014). Antalya Turizm Destinasyonunun Rekabetçilik Analizi (Doktora Tezi, Akdeniz Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2014). Ulusal Tez Merkezi, 363365.
  • Çivi, E. ve Demiray Erol, E. (2008). Ulusal Rekabet Gücünü Artırma Yolları: Literatür Araştırması. Yönetim ve Ekonomi, 15 (1): 99-114.
  • Dahlman, C. (2007): Technology, Globalization, and International Competitiveness: Challenges for Developing Countries. Industrial Development in the 21st Century: Sustainable Development Perspectives, 29-83.
  • Dragićević, V., Jovićić, D., Blesić, I., Stankov, U. and Bosković, D. (2012). Business Tourism Destination Competitiveness: A Case of Vojvodina Province (Serbia). Economic Research. 25(2): 311-332.
  • Dwyer, L. and Kim, C. (2003). Destination Competitiveness: Determinants and Indicators. Current Issues in Tourism. 6(5): 369-414.
  • Enright, M. J. and Newton, J. (2004). Tourism Destination Competitiveness: A Quantitative Approach. Tourism Management. 25: 777-788.
  • Ferreira, J. M. and Estevao, C. M. S. (2009). Regional Competitiveness of a Tourism Cluster: A Conceptual Model Proposal. Tourism & Management Studies, 5, 37-51.
  • García Sánchez, A. and Siles López, D. (2015). Tourism Destination Competitiveness and Innovation: The Case of the Spanish Mediterranean Coast. Artal-Tur, A. and Kozak, M (Editors). Destination Competitiveness, the Environment and Sustainability: Challenges and Cases, UK: CABI Publishing, 13-23.
  • Gandolfo, G. (2014). International Trade Theory and Policy (Second Edition). Berlin: Springer-Verlag Heidelberg.
  • Grant, R. (1991). Porter's Competitive Advantage of Nations: An Assessment. Strategic Management Journal, 12: 535–548.
  • Gooroochurn, N. and Sugiyarto, G. (2005). Competitiveness Indicators in the Travel and Tourism Industry. Tourism Economics, 11(1), 25-43.
  • Gupta, S. and Singh, A. (2015). Determinants of Tourism Destination Competitiveness: A Case of Bundelkhand, India, International Journal of Management Research, 6(2): 47-62.
  • Haberler, G. (1933). The Theory of International Trade. London: George Allen and Unwin.
  • Hallman, K., Müller, S. and Feiler, S. (2014). Destination Competitiveness of Winter Sport Resorts in the Alps: How Sport Tourists Perceive Destinations?. Current Issues in Tourism, 17(4): 327-349.
  • Hartz, L. (1943). Laissez-Faire Thought in Pennsylvania, 1776–1860. The Economic History Association, 3 (1): 66-77.
  • Hassan, S. S. (2000). Determinants of Market Competitiveness in an Environmentally Sustainable Tourism Industry. Journal of Travel Research. 38, 239-245.
  • Heath, E. (2002). Towards a Model to Enhance Africa's Sustainable Tourism Competitiveness. Journal of Public Administration. 37(3.1): 327-353.
  • Heath, E. (2003). Towards a Model to Enhance Destination Competitiveness: A Southern African Perspective. Journal of Hospitality - Tourism Management. 10(2): 124-142.
  • Heckscher, E. E. (1919). The Effect of Foreign Trade on the Distribution of Income. Economisk Tidskrift. Reprinted in Heckscher, E.E & Ohlin, B. (1991). Heckscher-Ohlin Trade Theory. (Translated, Edited and Introduced by Flam, H. & Flanders, H.J.). Cambridge, Mass.: The MIT Press.
  • Horvat, B. (1999). The Theory of International Trade: An Alternative Approach. New York: ST. Martin's Press, Inc.
  • Husted, S. and Melvin, M. (2012). International Economics (Ninth Edition). New Jersey: Pearson Education.
  • Irwin, D. D. (1991). Mercantilism as Strategic Trade Policy: The Anglo-Dutch Rivalry for the East India Trade. Journal of Political Economy, 99 (6): 1296-1314.
  • Islahi, A. A. (2006). The Emergence of Mercantilism as a Reaction Against Muslim Power: Some of the Evidences from History. Review of Islamic Economics, 12 (1): 137-150.
  • İşgüden, T. ve Akyüz, M. (1990). Uluslararası İktisat. İstanbul: Evrim Kitabevi.
  • Jones, R. W. (2008). Heckscher-Ohlin Trade Flows: A Re-appraisal. Trade and Development Review, 1 (1): 1-6.
  • Kazgan G. (2000). İktisadi Düşünce veya Politik İktisadın Evrimi, İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
  • Keesing, D.B. (1966). Labor Skills and Comparative Advantage. The American Economic Review, 56 (1/2): 249-258.
  • Kenen, P.B. (1965). Nature, Capital and Trade. Journal of Political Economy, 73(5): 437-460.
  • Kiernan, V. (1987). Problems of Marxist History. New Left Review, 0: 105-161.
  • Khin, E., Daengbuppha, J. and Nonsiri, P. (2014). Destination Competitiveness: A Structural Model for Measuring Attributes Competitiveness of Bagan, Myanmar. International Journal of Business, Economics and Law, 4 (2), 51-59.
  • Langdana, F. and Murphy, P. T. (2014). International Trade and Global Macro Policy. New York: Springer Science+Business Media
  • Lee, C. and Chan-Olmsted, S. M. (2004). Competitive Advantage of Broadband Internet: A Comparative Study Between South Korea and The United States. Telecommunications Policy, 28: 649-677.
  • Leontief, W. (1953). Domestic Production and Foreign Trade; The American Capital Position Re-Examined. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society. 97(4): 332-349.
  • Linder, S.B. (1961). An Essay on Trade and Transformation. New York, John Wiley.
  • Marshall, A. (2003). Money, Credit and Commerce. New York: Prometheus Boks.
  • Mazanec, J. A., Wöber, K. and Zins, A. H. (2007). Tourism Destination Competitiveness: From Definition to Explanation?. Journal of Travel Research, 46: 86-95.
  • Meek, R. L. (2003). The Economics of Physiocracy: Essays and Translations. London: Routledge Library Editions- Economics.
  • Mihajlović, I. and Krželj Čolović, Z. (2014). The Impact of Globalisation on the Development of Tourism Within Social and Economic Changes. European Scientific Journal, Special Edition, 108-120.
  • Mill, J.S. (1909). Principles of Political Economy, with some of their Applications to Social Philosophy. London: Longmans, Green and Co.
  • Mulec, I. and Wise, N. (2013). Indicating the Competitiveness of Serbia's Vojvodina Region as an Emerging Tourism Destination. Tourism Management Perspectives, 8, 68–79.
  • Negishi, T. (2001). Developments of International Trade Theory. New York, Springer Science and Business Media.
  • O’Brien, P. (2006). Provincializing the First Industrial Revolution. Working Papers of the Global Economic History Network, 17 (06): 1-39.
  • Ohlin, B. (1933). Interregional and International Trade. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Özer, K. O. (2012). Türk Turizm Endüstrisinin Uluslararası Rekabet Gücünün Değerlendirilmesi: Elmas Modeli ile Türkiye İspanya Karşılaştırması (Doktora Tezi, Sakarya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2012). Ulusal Tez Merkezi, 306733.
  • Porter, M. E. (1990). The Competitive Advantage of Nations. New York, NY: The Free Press.
  • Ricardo, D. (1821). On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation (Third Edition). London: John Murray.
  • Rybczynski, T. (1955). Factor Endowments and Relative Commodity Prices. Economica, New Series, 22(88): 336- 341.
  • Salvatore, D. (1986). Uluslararası İktisat. (çev. T. İşgüden, Bilim Teknik Yayın), New Jersey: McGraw Hill Book Company.
  • Sarıçay, N. Y. (2012). Dış Ticaret Açığı ve Turizm. İzmir Ticaret Odası Ar-Ge Bülteni, Aralık 2012, 6-11. [URL: http://www.izto.org.tr/portals/0/argebulten/1sektoreldis ticaretacigi.pdf], Erişim: 13 Haziran 2018.
  • Sarı Çallı, D. (2015). Destinasyon Rekabet Gücü Açısından İstanbul'un Karşılaştırmalı Analizi. (Doktora Tezi. Sakarya: Sakarya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü). Ulusal Tez Merkezi, 412075.
  • Seyidoğlu, H. (1988). Uluslararası İktisat – Teori, Politika ve Uygulama (6. Baskı). İstanbul: Güzem Yayınları.
  • Smith, A. (1776). The Wealth of Nations. New York: The Modern Library.
  • Stolper, W.F. and Samuelson, M.A. (1941). Protection and Real Wages. Review of Economic Studies, 9(1): 58-73.
  • Tsai, H., Song, H. and Wong, K. K. F. (2009). Tourism and Hotel Competitiveness Research, Journal of Travel - Tourism Marketing. 26: 522–546.
  • Vengesayi, S. (2003). A Conceptual Model of Tourism Destination Competitiveness and Attractiveness. ANZMAC 2003 Conference Proceedings Adelaide 1-3 December 2003, 637-647.
  • Vernon, R. (1966). International Investment and International Trade in the Product Cycle, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 190-207.
  • World Economic Forum (WEF). (2017). The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report – 2016-2017. [URL: http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_TTCR_2017_web_0401.pdf], Erişim: 22 Ekim 2017.
  • Yılmaz, A. (2015). New Foreign Trade Theories. Journal of Academic Social Science Studies. 40: 509-521.
  • Yüksel, E. ve Sarıdoğan, E. (2011). Uluslararası Ticaret Teorileri ve Paul R. Krugman'ın Katkıları. Öneri Dergisi. 9(35): 199-206.
  • Zengin, B. ve Uyar, H. (2012). Türk Turizm ve Otelcilik Sektöründe Rekabet ve Rekabeti Etkileyen Faktörlerin Otel İşletmelerine Yönelik Olarak Değerlendirilmesi. Bartın Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, 3(5): 1-22.
  • Zhang, W. B. (1961). A Theory of International Trade: Capital, Knowledge, and Economic Structures. Berlin: Springer-Verlag Heidelberg.
Toplam 77 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Mehmet Halit Akın 0000-0002-9455-0323

Kurtuluş Karamustafa 0000-0002-6581-6276

Yüksel Öztürk 0000-0002-4320-5626

Yayımlanma Tarihi 24 Mart 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 16 Aralık 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 20 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Akın, M. H., Karamustafa, K., & Öztürk, Y. (2020). ULUSLARARASI TİCARET TEORİLERİNDEN DESTİNASYON REKABETÇİLİĞİ MODELLERİNE GEÇİŞ: KAVRAMSAL BİR İNCELEME. Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 20(1), 203-228. https://doi.org/10.11616/basbed.v20i53206.659726
AMA Akın MH, Karamustafa K, Öztürk Y. ULUSLARARASI TİCARET TEORİLERİNDEN DESTİNASYON REKABETÇİLİĞİ MODELLERİNE GEÇİŞ: KAVRAMSAL BİR İNCELEME. ASBİ. Mart 2020;20(1):203-228. doi:10.11616/basbed.v20i53206.659726
Chicago Akın, Mehmet Halit, Kurtuluş Karamustafa, ve Yüksel Öztürk. “ULUSLARARASI TİCARET TEORİLERİNDEN DESTİNASYON REKABETÇİLİĞİ MODELLERİNE GEÇİŞ: KAVRAMSAL BİR İNCELEME”. Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 20, sy. 1 (Mart 2020): 203-28. https://doi.org/10.11616/basbed.v20i53206.659726.
EndNote Akın MH, Karamustafa K, Öztürk Y (01 Mart 2020) ULUSLARARASI TİCARET TEORİLERİNDEN DESTİNASYON REKABETÇİLİĞİ MODELLERİNE GEÇİŞ: KAVRAMSAL BİR İNCELEME. Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 20 1 203–228.
IEEE M. H. Akın, K. Karamustafa, ve Y. Öztürk, “ULUSLARARASI TİCARET TEORİLERİNDEN DESTİNASYON REKABETÇİLİĞİ MODELLERİNE GEÇİŞ: KAVRAMSAL BİR İNCELEME”, ASBİ, c. 20, sy. 1, ss. 203–228, 2020, doi: 10.11616/basbed.v20i53206.659726.
ISNAD Akın, Mehmet Halit vd. “ULUSLARARASI TİCARET TEORİLERİNDEN DESTİNASYON REKABETÇİLİĞİ MODELLERİNE GEÇİŞ: KAVRAMSAL BİR İNCELEME”. Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 20/1 (Mart 2020), 203-228. https://doi.org/10.11616/basbed.v20i53206.659726.
JAMA Akın MH, Karamustafa K, Öztürk Y. ULUSLARARASI TİCARET TEORİLERİNDEN DESTİNASYON REKABETÇİLİĞİ MODELLERİNE GEÇİŞ: KAVRAMSAL BİR İNCELEME. ASBİ. 2020;20:203–228.
MLA Akın, Mehmet Halit vd. “ULUSLARARASI TİCARET TEORİLERİNDEN DESTİNASYON REKABETÇİLİĞİ MODELLERİNE GEÇİŞ: KAVRAMSAL BİR İNCELEME”. Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, c. 20, sy. 1, 2020, ss. 203-28, doi:10.11616/basbed.v20i53206.659726.
Vancouver Akın MH, Karamustafa K, Öztürk Y. ULUSLARARASI TİCARET TEORİLERİNDEN DESTİNASYON REKABETÇİLİĞİ MODELLERİNE GEÇİŞ: KAVRAMSAL BİR İNCELEME. ASBİ. 2020;20(1):203-28.

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E-posta: sbedergi@ibu.edu.tr