ÇİN'İN ÇEVRİM İÇİ TÜKETİCİ UYUŞMAZLIK ÇÖZÜM SİSTEMİNİ HARİTALANDIRMAK

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 48 - 63, 04.09.2024

Yi Lu

https://doi.org/10.69800/blr.1504556

Öz

Çevrim İçi Uyuşmazlık Çözümü (ODR) sistemi, Alternatif Uyuşmazlık Çözümü (ADR) yöntemine ulaşmak amacıyla tasarlanmıştır. UNCTAD’a göre, ODR sistemi Çin'de önemli bir başarı elde etmiştir. Çin, özellikle tüketici uyuşmazlıklarının çözümünde ODR sistemlerinin kullanımını teşvik etmektedir. Çin’deki tüketici ODR sisteminin mevcut mekanizmaları ve uygulamaları kapsamlı bir şekilde analiz edildikten sonra, bu makale iki argüman sunmayı amaçlamaktadır: İlk olarak, Çin'deki tüketici ODR sistemi, alternatif uyuşmazlık çözümlerini çevrim içi hale getirmekten daha fazlasıdır. Bir yandan “Internet Plus” stratejisi, kamu sektörünün dijitalleşmesini kolaylaştırmış, “Akıllı Mahkemeler” ve “Dijital Devlet” hizmetlerinin geliştirilmesine yol açmıştır. Öte yandan, özel sektör tarafından uygulanan yenilikçi mekanizmalar, Crowdsourced ODR (Kitle Kaynaklı ODR) ve Platform ODR gibi, kamu kanallarına ek olarak tüketici uyuşmazlıklarını çözmek için alternatif kanallar sağlamıştır. İkinci olarak, bu makale, Çin'in tüketici ODR sisteminin şu anda karşı karşıya olduğu bir dizi zorluğa işaret etmektedir. Bu zorluklar, hem yasal sorunları hem de kültürel ve dilsel çeşitlilikle ilgili sorunları kapsamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çevrim İçi Uyuşmazlık Çözümü (ODR), Tüketicinin Korunması, Uyuşmazlık Çözümü, Çin'in Özellikleri

MAPPING CHINA’S ONLINE CONSUMER DISPUTE RESOLUTION SYSTEM

Öz

The Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) system has been designed as a method to achieve Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR). According to the UNCTAD, ODR has had significant success in China. China has been especially active in promoting the utilization of ODR systems in resolving consumer disputes. Following a thorough analysis of the current mechanisms and practices of consumer ODR in China, this paper endeavours to present two arguments. Firstly, consumer ODR in China is more than a means of moving ADR online. On the one hand, the “Internet Plus” strategy has facilitated the digitalisation of the public sector, including the development of “Smart Courts” and “Digital Government” services. On the other hand, innovative mechanisms implemented by the private sector, such as Crowdsourced ODR and Platform ODR, have effectively provided alternative channels for resolving consumer disputes, in addition to the public channels. Secondly, this article identifies a number of challenges currently facing China’s consumer ODR system. These challenges encompass both legal issues and cultural and linguistic diversity concerns.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Online Dispute Resolution (ODR), Consumer Protection, Dispute Resolution, China Characteristics

Kaynakça

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