Bipolar Hastalarda Bruksizmin Ağız Sağlığı ve Temporomandibular Eklem Disfonksiyonuna Etkisi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 140 - 149, 25.04.2024

Hazel Çelik Güzel , Berdel Çelik

https://doi.org/10.46413/boneyusbad.1411557

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı bipolar hastalarda ağız sağlığı problemlerini ve temporomandibular eklem disfonksiyonunu (TMD) araştırmak ve bruksizm varlığının TMD üzerine etkisini incelemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel tipte olan çalışmamız Eylül-Aralık 2023 tarihleri arasında İstanbul’da bir eğitim araştırma hastanesinin ayaktan tedavi ünitelerinde yürütüldü. Katılımcıların ağız ve diş sağlığına ilişkin yaşam kalitesi Ağız Sağlığı Etki Profili-14 (OHIP-14) ile, TMD şiddeti Fonseca Anamnestik Anketi (FAA) ile ve çiğneme fonksiyonelliği Çenenin Fonksiyon Kısıtlanma Skalası-8 (ÇFKS-8) ile değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Çalışmamıza 40 bipolar hasta dahil edildi. Katılımcılar olası bruksizm varlığına göre bruksizmi olan (Grup 1=25) ve bruksizmi olmayan (Grup 2=15) şeklinde iki gruba ayırıldı. Çalışmaya alınan bireylerin %57.5’inde TMD olduğu görüldü. İki grup arasında ölçek puanları karşılaştırıldığında OHIP-14 (p=0.001), ÇFKS-8 (p=0.000) ve FAA (p=0.000) puanları ile TMD varlığı (p=0.003) bruksizmli bireylerin oluşturduğu grupta anlamlı derecede yüksekti. TMD’ye sahip olma olasılığının bruksizm varlığında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde 9.669 kat arttığı görüldü (p=0.005).
Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sonuçları bipolar hastalarda ağız sağlığının olumsuz etkilendiğini, TMD görülme durumunun yüksek olduğunu ve bruksizm varlığının TMD üzerinde etkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu nedenle bipolar hastalarda ağız sağlığı değerlendirilirken, TMD ve eşlik edebilecek bruksizm varlığının da değerlendirilmesi yaşam kalitesini artırma açısından önemli olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bipolar bozukluk, Bruksizm, Temporomandibular eklem disfonksiyonu.

The Effect of Bruxism on Oral Health and Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction in Bipolar Patients

Öz

Aim: This study aimed to investigate oral health problems and temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD) in bipolar patients and to examine the effect of the presence of bruxism on TMD.
Material and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted between September and December 2023 at the outpatient clinics of a training and research hospital in Istanbul. Participants' oral and dental health-related quality of life was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14), TMD severity using the Fonseca Anamnestic Questionnaire (FAQ), and chewing functionality using the Jaw Functional Limitation Scale-8 (JFLS-8).
Results: Forty bipolar patients were included in our study. According to the possible presence of bruxism, participants were divided into two groups: bruxism (Group 1=25) and non-bruxism (Group 2=15). 57.5% of the participants had TMD. The OHIP-14 (p=0.001), JFLS-8 (p=0.000), and FAQ (p=0.000) scores and the presence of TMD (p=0.003) were significantly higher in the group with bruxism. It was found that the odds of having TMD increased by 9.669 times with bruxism (p=0.005).
Conclusion: This study showed that oral health was affected in bipolar patients, the incidence of TMD was high, and the presence of bruxism had an impact on TMD. Therefore, when assessing oral health in bipolar patients, it may be essential to determine the presence of TMD and associated bruxism to improve quality of life.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bipolar disorder, Bruxism, Temporomandibular joint dysfunction.

Kaynakça

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