Baryum klorür ve sodyum metaborat reaksiyonu ile baryum metaborat sentez parametrelerinin incelenmesi

Yıl 2018, , 33 - 41, 26.03.2018

Ayhan Abdullah Ceyhan , Fatma Zehra Koçak Ömer Şahin

https://doi.org/10.30728/boron.339593

Öz

Bu çalışmada baryum metaborat üretimi için gerekli optimum şartlar belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Üretim, baryum klorür dihidrat (BaCl₂.2H₂O) ve sodyum metaborat tetrahidrat (NaBO₂.4H₂O)’ın sulu ortamdaki reaksiyonu ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Üretim için en uygun sıcaklık, NaBO₂/BaCl₂ oranı, karıştırma hızı, karıştırma zamanı, dinlendirme zamanı, çözücü tipi ve derişimi, etil alkol etkisi gibi parametreler incelenmiştir. Elde edilen kristallerinin karakterizasyonu, X-ışını kırınımı (XRD), taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ve partikül boyut ölçüm cihazları yardımıyla yapılmıştır. Kristallerin yapı suyu içerikleri ise TG-DTA analizleri ile belirlenmiştir. Baryum metaborat sentezi için en yüksek verim değeri %88 olarak bulunmuştur. Sentez açısından en uygun şartlar ise; reaksiyon sıcaklığı 80 ^oC, 400 rpm karıştırma hızı, 60 dk karıştırma ve 60 dk dinlendirme zamanı olarak tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bor, Baryum Metaborat, Lineer olmayan optik materyal

The investigation of the synthesis parameters of barium metaborate by reaction of barium chloride and sodium metaborate

Öz

In this study, the optimum synthesis conditions for barium metaborate were investigated. The synthesis was conducted with the reaction of aqueous solutions of barium chloride dehydrate and sodium metaborate tetrahydrate. The reaction temperature, NaBO₂/BaCl₂ mole ratio, stirring rate and time, settling time, pH modifier type and concentration, the effects of second solvent and calcination were studied. The characterizations of the obtained crystals were done with the help of a XRD, SEM, TG-DTA and particle size analysis. The highest yield value for barium metaborate synthesis was found to be 88%. The best conditions of the barium metaborate synthesis were found to be 80 °C, stirring rate of 400 rpm, stirring time of 60 minutes and settling time of 60 minutes

Anahtar Kelimeler

Boron, Barium metaborate, Non-linear optical material

Kaynakça

• [1] Dibello P., Manganaro J., Aguinaldo E., Barium compounds, in: Kirk–Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 5th edition, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New Yok, 2007.
• [2] Smith R. A., McBroom R. B., Boron oxides, boric acid, and borates, in: Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 5th edition, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 2007.
• [3] Batdorf V., Brendle W. J., U.S. Patent No. 5314719,1. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, 1993.
• [4] Lloyd J. D., Manning, M.J., Ascherl F.M., U.S. Patent No. 20040041127,1. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, 2004.
• [5] Kiik M., Bryson M. L., Weaver C.P., Pine R.E., U.S. Patent No. 658581,1. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, 2003.
• [6] Başak A. S., Ayrancı H., Karabulut H. Akman, M. Baryum boratlarin sentezi ve üretim teknolojilerinin geliştirilmesi, Kimya ve Sanayi Dergisi, 226 (39), 40-43, 2006.
• [7] Hayes L.B., U.S. Patent No. 3645871,1. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, 1968.
• [8] Ravikumar H. R., Rao S. S., Karigar C.S., Biodegradation of paints: a current status, Indian J Sci. Technol., 5 (1), 1977-1987, 2012.
• [9] Bolt G.L., Brouillette B.R., U.S. Patent No. 5215582,1. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, 1993.
• [10] Furar, J.M., Zalich M.A., Senkfor, H.L., U.S. Patent No. 20110313084,1. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, 2011.
• [11] Buckman R. S. J., Pera J. D., U.S. Patent No. 3033700,1. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, 1962.
• [12] Novinson T., U.S. Patent No. 4661160, 1. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, 1986.
• [13] Fedorov P., Kokh A., Kononova N., Bekker T., Investigation of phase equilibria and growth of BBO (β-BaB2O4) crystals in BaO–B2O3–Na2O ternary system, J Cryst Growth, 310 (7), 1943-1949, 2008.
• [14] Wu S., Wang G., Xie J., Wu X., Zhang Y., Lin X., Growth of large birefringent α-BBO crystal, J Cryst Growth, 245 (1), 84-86, 2002.
• [15] Maia, L. J. Q., Feitosa C. A. C., De Vicente F. S., Mastelaro V. R., Siu Li M., Hernandes A. C., Structural and optical characterization of beta barium borate thin films grown by electron beam evaporation, J Vac Sci Technol., A22 (5), 2163-2167, 2004.
• [16] Zhu J., Du X., Xiao D., Sviridov E. V., Wang H., Preparation of beta barium borate thin films by rf magnetron sputtering, Ferroelectrics, 186 (1), 189-192, 1996.
• [17] Liao H.B., Xiao R.F., Yu P., Wong G.K.L., Growth of beta barium borate (β-BaB2O4) thin films for nonlinear optical applications, J Cryst. Growth, 174 (1–4), 434-439, 1997.
• [18] Luginets A. M., Guretskıı S. A., Ges A. P. Milovanov A. S., Markova L. V. Burak V. S., The influence of growth conditions on the optical properties of barium betaborate single crystals, J Cryst. Growth, 152 (1-2), 89-94, 1996.
• [19] Tsvetkov E.G., Khranenko G.G., Natural differentiation of borate melt components and its influence on nucleation and growth of barium metaborate (BBO) crystals, J Cryst. Growth, 275 e675-e680, 2005.
• [20] Itoh K., Marumo F., Kuwano Y., β -barium borate single crystal grown by a direct Czochralski method, J Cryst. Growth, 106 (4) 728-731, 1990.
• [21] Andrushchak A.S., Bobitski Y.V, Kaidan M.V., Adamiv V.T. Burak Y.V., Mytsyk, B.G., Photoelastic properties of the beta barium borate crystals, Opt Appl., 33 (2-3), 345-357, 2003.
• [22] Liu J., He X., Zhou G., Xia C., Zhou S., Xu, J., Growth of beta barium borate (β-BaB2O4) thin films on alpha barium borate (α-BaB2O4) substrates, J Cryst. Growth, 277, 359-363, 2005.
• [23] Gualtieri D.M., Chai B.H.T., Randles M.H., Growth of β-barium borate from NaCl-Na2O solutions, J Cryst. Growth, 97 (3–4), 613-616, 1989.
• [24] Roth M., Perlov D., Growth of barium borate crystals from sodium fluoride solutions, J Cryst. Growth,169 (4), 734-740, 1996.
• [25] Tolun R., Noyan S., Emir B., Baryum Metaborat Üretimi, VII. Bilim Kongresi, 29 September - 3 October 1980 Aydın, Turkey, 1980.
• [26] Harry J., Emeléus A.G., Advances in Inorganic Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Elsevier, USA, 1967.
• [27] Watanabe K., Sato S., Crystal structure of barium tetrahydroxo borate, (Ba[B(OH)4]2) Chem. Soc. Jpn., 67 (2), 379-382, 1994.
• [28] Akşener A. E., Farklı yöntemlerle baryum metaborat üretimi ve üretim sürecine etki eden faktörlerin incelenmesi, Doktra Tezi, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul, 2013.
• [29] Kılınç M., Çakal G. Ö., Yeşil S., Bayram G., Eroğlu İ., Özkar S., Scale-up synthesis of zinc borate from the reaction of zinc oxide and boric acid in aqueous medium, J. Cryst. Growth, 312 (22) 3361-3366, 2010.
• [30] Kitamura M., Furukawa H., Asaeda M., Solvent effect of ethanol on crystallization and growth process of L-histidine polymorphs, J. Cryst. Growth, 141 (1–2), 193-199, 1994.
• [31] Watanabe K., Ichikawa M., Sato S., Preparation of barium tetrahydroxo borate crystals (Ba[B(OH)4]2), Chemistry Letters, 22 (7), 1247-1248, 1993.
• [32] Şahin Ö., Cennetkuşu E. S., Dolaş H., Özdemir M., Thermal decomposition of potassium tetraborate tetrahydrate to anhydrous potassium tetraborate in a fluidized bed, Thermochim. Acta, 440 (1), 7-12, 2006.