Kedilerin Atopik Sendromuna Güncel Yaklaşım

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 34 - 40, 31.12.2021

Güvenç Gökalp , Akın Kırbaş

Öz

Kedilerin atopik sendromu, kedilerin solunum veya temas yoluyla maruz kalabildiği ve çevresel alerjenlerden kaynaklı aşırı duyarlılığın tetiklenmesi ile ortaya çıkan bir tablodur. Köpeklerde görülen atopik dermatitise benzer özellikler taşıyan atopik sendromun, genetik yatkınlığa sahip, genellikle 5 yaş altındaki kedilerde rastlanabilen inflamatuar, kaşıntılı, immunglobulin E ve çevresel alerjenlere karşı oluşturulan antikorlarla ilişkili olduğu bilinmektedir. Siyam, Persiyan ve Himalayan gibi kedi ırkları kedi atopik sendromuna yatkınlık göstermektedir. Kedi atopik sendromu klinik açıdan milier dermatitis, eozinofilik granülom, iltihaplı olmayan alopesi veya ülseratif ve kabuklu dermatitis ile benzerlik göstermektedir. Bu sendromun kutanöz olmayan klinik bulguları arasında sinüzit, kedi astımı ve konjuktivitis bulunmaktadır. İntradermal alerji ve IgE ELISA testleri atopik sendromun tanısında kullanılmaktadır. Kedi atopik sendromun tanısında gıda alerjisi veya pire ısırığı aşırı duyarlılığı gibi nedenlerin elimine edilmesi önemlidir. Bunun yanı sıra tanıda biyofiziksel parametrelerden olan transepidermal su kaybı yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Nedenin ortadan kaldırılması, hipoalerjenik diyet, glukokortikoid, siklosporin, oklakitinib, bronkodilatatör, antimikrobiyal ve antihistaminik uygulamaları tedavi seçenekleri arasındadır. Son zamanlarda atopik karakterli dermatitlerde alerjik solunum ve kutanöz hastalıklarının klinik belirtilerinin kontrol altına alınmasında alerjene özgü immünoterapinin kullanımı yaygınlaşmaktadır. Hastalıkta kullanılan tedavi seçeneklerinin bireysel farklılıklara göre değerlendirilmesi unutulmaması gereken bir noktadır. Bu derleme makalesi alerjik dermatite sahip kedilerde yaygınlaşmaya başlayan kedi atopik sendromun önemine vurgu yapmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Alerjen, Atopi, IgE, Immunoterapi, Kedi

Current Approach To Feline Atopic Syndrome

Öz

Feline atopic syndrome is a condition in which cats can be exposed through breathing or contact, triggering hypersensitivity from environmental allergens. Atopic syndrome, which has characteristics similar to atopic dermatitis seen in dogs, is known to be associated with antibodies created against inflammatory, itchy, immunoglobulin E and environmental allergens that are usually found in cats under 5 years of age with a genetic predisposition. Breeds such as Siamese, Persian and Himalayan are predisposed to feline atopic syndrome. Feline atopic syndrome is clinically similar to milier dermatitis, eosinophilic granuloma, non-inflammatory alopecia, or ulcerative and crustacean dermatitis. Non-cutaneous clinical manifestations of this syndrome include sinusitis, feline asthma, and conjuctivitis. Intradermal Allergy and Ige ELISA tests are used to diagnose atopic syndrome. In the diagnosis of Feline atopic syndrome, it is important to eliminate causes such as food allergy or flea bite hypersensitivity. In addition, transepidermal water loss, which is one of the biophysical parameters, is widely used in diagnosis. Elimination of the cause, hypoallergenic diet, glucocorticoid, cyclosporine, oclakitinib, bronchodilator, antimicrobial and antihistamine applications are among the treatment options. Recently, the use of allergen-specific immunotherapy in controlling the clinical signs of allergic respiration and cutaneous diseases in atopic dermatitis has become widespread. Evaluation of the treatment options used in the disease according to individual differences is a point that should not be forgotten. This review article aims to emphasize the importance of feline atopic syndrome, which is becoming common in cats with allergic dermatitis.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Allergen, Atopy, IgE, Immunotherapy, Cat

Kaynakça

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