Süt İneklerinde Sıcak Stresinin Etkileri ve Beslenme Stratejileri

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 41 - 46, 31.12.2021

Samet Köse , Pınar Saçaklı

Öz

Yıllardır daha fazla süt almak için genetik seleksiyonlara tabi tutulan inekler küresel çapta artan sıcaklıklara karşı daha hassas hale gelmişlerdir. Hayvanlar vücut ısısını koruyabildiği ve kendini huzurlu hissettiği termonötral zone aralığında maksimum verime ulaşırlar. Bu aralığın üzerine çıkılması durumunda toplam sıcaklık üretiminin vücuttan atılan sıcaklıktan daha fazla olmasıyla inekler sıcak stresine girerler. Sıcak stresinin süt ve döl verimi üzerine olumsuz etkilerini hafifletmek veya önlemek için rasyonda çeşitli düzenlemeler yapılabilir. Sıcak stresinin olumsuz etkileri rasyonda konsantre yem miktarının arttırılması, korunmuş protein, yağ ve bazı vitamin-mineral katkılarının ilave edilmesi gibi düzenlemeler ile önlenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Protein, Selüloz, Sıcak stresi, Süt ineği, Yağ

Effects of Heat Stress and Nutritional Strategies in Dairy Cows

Öz

Dairy cows have become more sensitive to rising temperatures globally, as they have been subjected to genetic selection to produce milk for years. Animals achieve maximum efficiency in the range of the thermo-neutral zone, where they can maintain their body temperature and feel comfortable. If this range is exceeded, cows experience heat stress as the total heat production is greater than the heat excreted from the body. Various arrangements can be made in the ration to alleviate or prevent the negative effects of heat stress on milk and fertility. Adverse effects of heat stress can be prevented by regulations such as increasing the amount of concentrate in the ration, adding protected protein, fat and some vitamin-mineral additives.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dairy cow, Fat, Fiber, Heat stress, Protein

Kaynakça

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