Bazı Popüler Diyetlerin İmmünite Üzerine Etkileri

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 201 - 212, 01.01.2023

Emre Adıgüzel , Şeyma Nur Kılıç Almina Yılmaz Gizem Yurdakul Ülkü Didar Bilen Ahsen Tenil İrem Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.19127/bshealthscience.1194776

Cited By: 1

Öz

İmmünite organizmanın hastalık etkenlerine karşı kendini savunmak için geliştirdiği mekanizmalar bütünüdür. İmmünite ve beslenme arasındaki etkileşim oldukça karmaşıktır. İmmün yanıtın her aşamasında birçok makro ve mikro besin ögesi ile biyoaktif bileşen kilit rol oynar. Yapılan çalışmalar neticesinde amino asitler, yağ asitleri, vitaminler ve mineraller gibi immün yanıtı etkileyen birçok besin ögesi saptanmıştır. Beslenme paternlerinin immünite üzerine etkisi doğal ve adaptif immün sistem, mukoza ve mikrobiyom düzeyinde olabilir. Yetersiz ve dengesiz beslenme sonucu vücuda enfeksiyon girişi kolaylaşır ve hastalık etkenlerine yanıt olarak gelişen immün mekanizmalar sekteye uğrar. Başta obezite olmak üzere çeşitli sağlık problemleri ve estetik kaygılar nedeniyle yaygınlığı artan popüler diyetler sağlık etkileri yönünden tartışılmaktadır. Özellikle, akdeniz diyeti ve aralıklı açlık gibi popüler diyetlerin immünite ile ilişkisi birçok araştırmaya konu olmuştur. Ancak, literatürde farklı popüler diyet türlerinin immün fonksiyon üzerine etkilerini derleyen makalelere rastlanmamıştır. Çalışmalar daha çok besin desteklerinin immünite ile ilişkisine odaklanmıştır. Bu çalışmada ketojenik diyet, vejetaryenizm/veganizm, glutensiz diyet, akdeniz diyeti, aralıklı açlık ve detoksifikasyon diyetleri gibi popüler diyet türlerinin immün fonksiyon üzerine etkileri güncel literatür ışığında gözden geçirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Popüler diyetler, Akdeniz diyeti, Aralıklı açlık, İmmünglobülin, Bağışıklık sistemi

Effects of Some Popular Diets on Immunity

Öz

Immunity is the set of mechanisms that the organism develops to defend itself against disease agents. The interaction between immunity and nutrition is highly complex. Many macro/micro nutrients and bioactive components play a key role at every stage of the immune response. As a result of the studies, many nutrients that affect the immune response, such as amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals have been identified. The effect of dietary patterns on immunity may be at the level of innate and adaptive immune system, mucosa, and microbiome. As a result of inadequate and unbalanced nutrition, the entry of infectious agents into the body becomes easier and immune mechanisms that develop in response to disease agents are interrupted. Popular diets, which have become common due to various health problems, especially obesity, and aesthetic concerns are discussed in terms of their health effects. In particular, the association of popular diets such as mediterranean diet and intermittent fasting with immunity has been the subject of many studies. However, there is no article in the literature reviewing the effects of different popular diet types on immune function. Studies have mostly focused on the association between dietary supplements and immunity. In this study, the effects of popular diet types such as ketogenic diet, vegetarianism/veganism, gluten-free diet, mediterranean diet, intermittent fasting, and detoxification diets on immune function were reviewed in the light of current literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Popular diets, Mediterranean diet, Intermittent fasting, Immunoglobulin, Immune system

Kaynakça

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