Renal İskemi-Reperfüzyonu Sırasında Sıçan Böbreğinde Oluşan Oksidatif Stres Hasarına Silimarin Etkisi

Yıl 2010, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, - , 01.02.2010

Hakan Şentürk , Dürdane Kolankaya Yalçın Şahin

Öz

Renal ischemia reperfusion injury is the most common causes of acute renal
failure. Silybum marianum L. Gaertn. (milk thistle) is a plant which belongs to Asteraceae
family. Silymarin is a plant derived flavonoid which is extracted from the seeds of the S.
marianum L. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of silymarin during the
experimental renal ischemia reperfusion injury in rats histologically and biochemically.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ischemia-reperfusion, kidney, silymarin, rat

Kaynakça

• [1] O. Aruoma, H. Kaur, and B. Halliwell, Oxygen free radicals and human diseases, The Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health 111 (1991), 172–177.
• [2] N. A. Porter, Chemistry of lipid peroxidation, Methods in Enzymology 105 (1984), 273–282.
• [3] P. A. Southorn and G. Powis, Free radicals in medicine. I, Chemical nature and biologic reactions, Mayo Clin. Proc. 63 (1988), 381–389.
• [4] T. Ding, S. Tian, Z. Zhang, D. Gu, Y. Chen, Y. Shi, and Z. Sun, Determination of active component in silymarin by RP-LC and LC/MS, J. Pharmacol. Biomed. Anal. 26 (2001), 155–161.
• [5] C. Nencini, G. Giorgi, and L. Micheli, Protective effect of silymarin on oxidative stress in rat brain, Phytomedicine 14 (2007), 129–135.
• [6] H. De Groot and U. Rauen, Tissue injury by reactive oxigen species and the protective effect of flavanoids, Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol. 12 (1998), 249–255.
• [7] A. Valenzuela, M. Aspillaga, S. Vial, and R. Guerra, Selectivity of silymarin on the increase of the glutathione content in different tissues of the rat, Planta Med. 55 (1989), 420–422.
• [8] J. Zhao, M. Lahiri-Chatterjee, Y. Sharma, and R. Agarwal, Inhibitory effect of a flavonoid antioxidant silymarin on benzoyl peroxide-induced tumor promotion, oxidative stres and inflammatory responses in SENCAR Mouse skin, Carcinogenesis 21 (2000), 811–816.
• [9] E. Bosisio, C. Benelli, and O. Pirola, Effect of flavanoligans of Silybum marianum L. on lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes and freshly isolated hepatocytes, Pharmacol. Res. 25 (1992), 147–154.
• [10] V. Kˇren and D. Walterov´a, Silybin and silymarin-new effects and new applications, Biomedical 149 (2005), 29–41.
• [11] J. Sonnenbichler, F. Sacelera, I. Sonnenbichler, and R. Weyhenmeyer, Stimulatory effects of silibinin and silicristin from the milk thistle Silybum marianum on kidney cells, The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 290 (1999), 1375–1383.
• [12] H. B. Waynforth and P. A. Flecknell, Experimental and surgical technique in the rat, 2 nd ed., Academic Press Limited, London 1994.
• [13] G. S¸ener, E. S¸ener, O. S¸ehirli, A. V. ¨ O˘g¨un¸c, S¸. C¸ etinel, N. Gedik and A. Sakarcan, Ginkgo ¨ biloba extract ameliorates ischemia-reperf¨usion-induced injury in rats, Pharmacological Research 52 (2005), 216–222.
• [14] Y. Kaya, E. Aral, T. Co¸skun, N. Erkasap, and A. Var, Increased intraabdominal pressure impairs liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in rats, Journal of Surgical Research 108 (2002), 250–257.
• [15] N. Sanz, C. D. Fernandez, L. F. Simon, A. Alvez, and M. Cascalez, Necrogenic and regenerative responses of liver of newly weaned rats against a subnetal dose of thioacetamid, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1384 (1998), 66–78.
• [16] G. Aktay, D. Deliorman, E. Ergun, F. Ergun, E. Ye¸silada, and C. C¸ evik, Hepatoprotective effects of Turkish folk remedies on experimental liver injury, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 73 (2000), 121–129.
• [17] K. Fruta, A. Kakita, T. Takahashi, T. Tomiya and K. Fujiwara, Experimental study on liver regeneration after simultenous partial hepatectomy and pancreatectomy, Hepatology Research 17 (2000), 223–236.
• [18] H. Okhawa, N. Ohishi, and K. Yagi, Assay for lipid peroxides by thiobarbituric acid reaction, Anal. Biochem. 95 (1979), 351–358.
• [19] J. Sedlack and H. R. Lindsay, Estimation of total, Protein- Bound and nonprotein sulfhydryl groups in tissue with Ellman’s reagent, Anal. Biocem. 25 (1968), 192–205 . [20] O .H. Lowry, N. J. Rosebrough, A. L. Farr, and R. J. Randall, Protein Measurementwith the Folin Phenol Reagent, Journal of Biological Chemistry 193 (1951), 265–275.
• [21] E. Beutler, Red cell metabolism, A Manual of Biochemical Methods, 3 rd ed., NY: Grune & Stratton, Inc., New York, 1985.
• [22] C. C. Winterborn, R. E. Hawkins, M. Brain, and R. W. Carrell, The estimation of red cell superoxide dismutase activity, J. Lab. Clin. Med. 85 (1975), 337–341.
• [23] J. M. Thurman, Triggers of inflammation after renal ischemia/reperfusion, Clinical Immunology 123 (2007), 7–13.
• [24] S. Ba¸say, O. Adsan, G. ¨ ˙Inal, ve M. C¸ etinkaya, Verapamil ve alfa-tokoferol¨un rat b¨obre˘gindeki deneysel reperf¨uzyon hasarı ¨uzerine kar¸sıla¸stırmalı etkileri, T¨urk Uroloji Dergisi ¨ 29 (2003),
• [25] D. K. Das, and N. Maulik, Antioksidant effectiveness in ischemia-reperfusion tissue injury, Methods in Enzymology, 233 (1994), 601–611.
• [26] I. T. Mark and W. B. Weglicki, Antioksidan activity of calcium channel blocking drugs, Methods in Enzymology 234 (1994), 620–630.
• [27] E. L. Da Silva, M. Piskula, and J. Terao, Enhancement of antioxidative ability of rat plasma by oral administration of (-)- epicatechin, Free Radical Biology & Medicine 24 (1998), 1209–1216.
• [28] D. N. Granger, and R. J. Korthuis, Physiological mechanisms of postischemic tissue injury, Annu. Rev. Physiol. 57 (1995), 311–332.
• [29] B. J. Zimmerman, M. B. Grisham, and D. N. Granger, Role of oxidants in ischemia/reperfusion-induced granulocyte infiltration, Am. J. Physiol. 258 (1990), 185–190.
• [30] H. Senturk, S. Kabay, G. Bayramoglu, H. Ozden, F. Yaylak, M. Yucel, E. Gurlek Olgun, and A. Kutlu, Silymarin attenuates the Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury-Induced Morphological Changes in the Rat Kidney, World Journal of Urology 26 (2008), 401–407.
• [31] G. Karimi, M. Ramezani, and Z. Tahoonian, Cisplatin nephrotoxicity and protection by milk thistle extract in rats, Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med. 2 (2005), 383–386.
• [32] C. Thiemermann, S. A. Patel, E. O. Kvale, G. W. Cockerill, A. J. Brown, K. N. Stewart, S. Cuzzocrea, D. Britti, and H. Mota-Filipe, P. K. Chatterjee, High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) reduces renal ischemia/reperfusion injury, J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 14 (2003), 1833–1843.
• [33] P. K. Chatterjee, S. Cuzzocrea, P. A. J. Brown, K. Zacharowski, K. N. Stewart, H. Mota-Filipe, and C. Thiemermann, Tempol, a membrane-permeable radical scavenger, reduces oxidant stress-mediated renal dysfunction and injury in the rat, Kidney Int. 58 (2000), 658–673.
• [34] S. Feilleux-Duche, M. Garlatti, M. Aggerbeck, M. Poyard, J. Bouguet, J. Hanoune, and R. Barouki, Cell specific regulation of cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase by glucocorticoids in the rat kidney, Am. J. Physiol. 265 (1993), C1298–C1305.
• [35] O. Kwon, B. A. Molitoris, M. Pescovits, and J. K. Kelly, Urinary actin, interleukin-6, and interleukin-8 may predict sustained arf after ischemic injury in renal allografts, American Journal of Kidney Diseases 41 (2003), 1074–1087.
• [36] C. A. Roncal, W. Mu, B. Croker, S. Reungjui, X. Ouyang, I. Tabah-Fisch, J. R. Johnson, A. A. Ejaz, Effect of elevated serum uric acid on cisplatin-induced acute renal failure, Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 292 (2006), 116–122.
• [37] J. Kanellis, S. Watanabe, J. H. Li, D. H. Kang, P. Li, T. Nakagawa, A. Wamsley, D. SheikhHamad, H. Y. Lan, L. Feng, and R. J. Johnson, Uric acid stimulates monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production in vascular smooth muscle cells via mitogen-activated protein kinase and cyclooxygenase- 2, Hypertension 41 (2003), 1287–1293.
• [38] J. M. Mccord and I. Fridovich, The utility of superoxide dismutase in studying free radical reactions. I. Radicals generated by the interaction of sulfite, dimethyl sulfoxide, and oxygen, J. Biol. Chem. 244 (1969), 6056–6063.
• [39] A. Meister and M. E. Anderson, Glutathione, Annu. Rev. Biochem. 52 (1983), 711–760.
• [40] G. F. Gaetani, S. Galiano, L. Canepa, A. M. Ferraris and H. N. Kirkman, Catalase and glutathione peroxidase are equally active in detoxification of hydrogen peroxide in human erythrocytes, Blood 73 (1989), 334–339.