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e-Mental Sağlık, İyi Uygulama Örneği, Hollanda

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 1006 - 1012, 30.09.2017

Öz

Aim: That healthcare services are presented on the internet by using information and communication technologies are defined as e-Health. e-Health
encompasses interventions such as, telemedicine, electronic patient records, mobile health (mHealth) and e-learning. By using e-Mental health, the
individuals who have mental disorders are treated and informed about their diseases. The aim of this study is to examine the e-Mental health system
in the Netherlands, which has one of the best health systems in the world, as a best practice example.
Materials and Methods: Reports which is prepared by the World Health Organization on e-health and academic studies compose of the theoretical
part of this study. The field research of the study was based on interviews with experts in the field of e-Mental health (academicians, technology
companies, health administrators, etc.), going to Netherland between 5-12 June 2016. Interviews were conducted in English and recorded in writing.
Results: According to experts, e-Mental health systems are widely practised in the Netherlands. Thus, people who have mental disorders can be
treated without being stigmatized by society. Diagnosis and treatment methods which are made with e-mental health applications are more economical
than treatment in hospital and clinical. These practices have a positive effect on the sustainability of the treatment and allow staff to work more
efficiently.
Conclusions: As a result, e-Mental health interventions are more economical and more beneficial to the community. These interventions are more
efficient and effective in terms of use of human resources and patients are satisfied with these interventions. 

Kaynakça

  • 1. Kılıç T. e-Sağlık ve Teletıp. İstanbul: AZ Yayınları; 2016; 15-57
  • 2. Andreassen HK, Bujnowska-Fedak MM, Chronaki CE, Dumitru RC, Pudule I, Santana S. et al. European citizens' use of e-health services: A study of seven countries. BMC Public Health. 2007; 7: 53.
  • 3. Koo M, Lu MC, & Lin SC. Predictors of internet use for health information among male and female internet users: Findings from the 2009 Taiwan National Health Interview Survey. International Journal of Medical Informatics. 2016; 94(10): 155-63.
  • 4. Andersson G, & Titov N. Advantages and limitations of internet‐based interventions for common mental disorders. World Psychiatry. 2014; 13(1): 4-11.
  • 5. Wittchen HU, Jacobi F, Rehm J, Gustavsson A, Svensson M, Jönsson B. et al. The size and burden of mental disorders and other disorders of the brain in Europe 2010. European Neuropsychopharmacology. 2011; 21(9): 655-79.
  • 6. Bolton P. The unknown role of mental health in global development. Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine. 2014; 87, 241-249 .
  • 7. Oh H, Rizo C, Enkin M, & Jadad A. What is eHealth (3): A systematic review of published definitions. J Med Internet Res. 2005; 7(1): e1.
  • 8. Eysenbach G. What is e-health? J Med Internet Res. 2001; 3(2): e20.
  • 9. Van Gemert-Pijnen JE, Nijland N, Van Limburg M, Ossebaard HC, Kelders SM, Eysenbach G. et al. A holistic framework to improve the uptake and impact of eHealth technologies. J Med Internet Res. 2011; 13(4): e111.
  • 10. Lal S, Adair CE. e-Mental health: A rapid review of the literature. Psychiatric Services. 2014; 65(1): 24-32.
  • 11. World Health Organization. Global diffusion of eHealth: Making universal health coverage achievable. Report of the third global survey on eHealth. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2016. p.11-76
  • 12. Cowie MR, Bax J, Bruining N, Cleland JGF, Koehler F, Malik M et al. e-health: A position statement of the European Society of Cardiology. European Heart Journal. 2016; 37(1): 63-6.
  • 13. Işık AH, Güler İ. Teletıpta mobil uygulama çalışması ve mobil iletişim teknolojilerinin analizi. Bilişim Teknolojileri Dergisi. 2010; 3(1): 1-10.
  • 14. Blaya JA, Fraser HSF, & Holt B. e-health technologies show promise in developing countries. Health Affairs. 2010; 29(2): 244-51.
  • 15. Yıldırım Ö, Doğan RÖ, Kaya İ. ve Kayıkçıoğlu T. Yaşlılar için tele-tıp tabanlı sağlık izleme sistemi. TIP TEKNO’16. 2016. 297-300.
  • 16. Fidan U, Güler NF. 4 kanallı biyotelemetri cihazı tasarımı. Gazi Üniv. Müh. Mim. Fak. Der. 2007; 22(1): 7-12.
  • 17. Aslantaş V, Kurban R. ve Çağlıkantar T. Kablosuz taşınabilir uzaktan sağlık izleme sistemlerinde sayısal imza kullanımı. Gazi Üniv. Müh. Mim. Fak. Der. 2008; 23(3): 531-38.
  • 18. Kalender N. ve Özdemir L. Yaşlılarda sağlık hizmetlerinin sunumunda tele-tıp kullanımı. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2013; 17(1): 50-8.
  • 19. Anderson JG. Social, ethical and legal barriers to e-health. International Journal of Medical Informatics. 2007; 76(5): 480-83.
  • 20. Turan, AH, Palvia PC. Critical information technology issues in Turkish healthcare. Information & Management. 2014; 51(1): 57-68.
  • 21. World Health Organization. mHealth. New horizons for health through mobile technologies. Based on the findings of the second global survey on eHealth. Global observatory for eHealth series- volume 3. 2011. p.6.
  • 22. Bert F, Giacometti M, Gualano MR, & Siliquini R. Smartphones and health promotion: A review of the evidence. J Med Syst. 2014; 38(1): 9995-7.
  • 23. Park LG, Howie-Esquivel J, Chung ML, & Dracup K. A text messaging intervention to promote medication adherence for patients with coronary heart disease: A randomized controlled trial. Patient Education and Counseling. 2014; 94(2): 261-68.
  • 24. Czaja SJ, Sharit J, Lee CC, Nair SN, Hernández MA, Arana N, et al. Factors influencing use of an e-health website in a community sample of older adults. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2013; 20(2): 277-84.
  • 25. Jones R, Skirton H, & McMullan M. Feasibility of combining e‐health for patients with e‐learning for students using synchronous technologies. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2006; 56(1): 99-9.
  • 26. Welsh ET, Wanberg CR, Brown KG, & Simmering MJ. E‐learning: Emerging uses: Empirical results and future directions. International Journal of Training and Development. 2003; 7(4): 245-58.
  • 27. World Health Organization. A universal truth: No health without a workforce. 2014. p.36.
  • 28. Ruiz JG, Mintzer MJ, & Leipzig RM. The impact of e-learning in medical education. Academic Medicine. 2006; 81(3): 207-12.
  • 29. World Health Organization. Mental health action plan 2013-2020. Geneva. 2013. p. 10-35.
  • 30. World Health Organization. mhGAP intervention guide for mental, neurological and substance use disorders in nonspecialized health settings: Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP). Geneva. 2010. p. 1.
  • 31. Prince M, Patel V, Saxena S, Maj M, Maselko J, Phillips MR, & Rahman A. No health without mental health. Lancet. 2007; 370(9590), 859-77.
  • 32. World Health Organization. mhGAP intervention guide for mental, neurological and substance use disorders in non-specialized health settings: Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP). Geneva. 2016. p. 17.
  • 33. Moussavi S, Chatterji S, Verdes E, Tandon A, Patel V, & Ustun B. Depression, chronic diseases, and decrements in health: Results from the World Health Surveys. Lancet. 2007; 370(9590), 851-58.
  • 34. World Health Organization. Depression and other common mental disorders. Global health estimates. 2017. p. 5.
  • 35. Çam O, Bilge A. Türkiye’de ruhsal hastalığa/hastaya yönelik inanç, tutum ve damgalama süreci: Sistematik derleme. Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi. 2013; 4(2): 91-1.
  • 36. Tel H, Ertekin Pınar Ş. Ayaktan izlenen psikiyatri hastalarında içselleştirilmiş damgalama ve benlik saygısı. Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi. 2012; 3(2): 61-6.
  • 37. Buldukoğlu K, Bademli K, Karakaya D, Göral G. ve Keser İ. Ruhsal hastalığı olan ebeveynle yaşamak. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar. 2011; 3(4): 683-3.
  • 38. Bilge A, Çam O. Ruhsal hastalığa yönelik damgalama ile mücadele. TAF Prev Med Bull, 2010; 9(1): 71-8.
  • 39. Çam O, Çuhadar D. Ruhsal hastalığa sahip bireylerde damgalama süreci ve içselleştirilmiş damgalama. Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi. 2011; 2(3): 136-40.
  • 40. Olesen J, Gustavsson A, Svensson M, Wittchen HU, Jönsson B, on behalf of the CDBE2010 study group, and the European Brain Council. The economic cost of brain disorders in Europe. European Journal of Neurology. 2012; 19(1): 155–62.
  • 41. Krieke L van der, Wunderink L, Emerencia A, Jonge P de, & Sytema S. e-Mental health self-management for psychotic disorders: State of the art and future perspectives. Psychiatric Services. 2014; 65(1): 33–49.
  • 42. Riper H, Andersson G, Christensen H, Cuijpers P, Lange A, & Eysenbach G. Theme issue on e-Mental health: A growing field in internet research. Journal of Medical Internet Research. 2010; 12(5): e74.
  • 43. Andrews G, Cuijpers P, Craske MG, McEvoy P, & Titov N. Computer therapy for the anxiety and depressive disorders is effective, acceptable and practical health care: A meta-analysis. PloS one. 2010; 5(10): 1-6.
  • 44. Naslund JA, Marsch LA, McHugo GJ, & Bartels SJ. Emerging mhealth and ehealth interventions for serious mental illness: A review of the literature. J Ment Health. 2015; 24(5): 320-31.
  • 45. Titov N, Dear BF, Staples LG, Bennett-Levy J, Klein B, Rapee RM. et al. The first 30 months of the MindSpot Clinic: Evaluation of a national e-Mental health service against project objectives. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2016; 1-13.
  • 46. Aref-Adib G, O’Hanlon P, Fullarton K, Morant N, Sommerlad A, Johnson S, & Osborn D. A qualitative study of online mental health information seeking behaviour by those with psychosis. BMC Psychiatry. 2016; 16: 2347. Purebl G, Petrea L, Shield L, Toth MD, Szekely A, Kurimay T. et al. Joint action on mental health and well-being. Depression, suicide prevention and e-health. Situation analysis and recommendations for action. 2015. p. 153.
  • 48. World Health Organization. World health statistics 2016. Monitoring health for the SGDs sustainable development goals. 2016. p. 44.
  • 49. Kroneman M, Boerma W, van den Berg M, Groenewegen P, de Jong, J, & van Ginneken E. Health systems in transition. Netherlands: Health system review. 2016; 18(2): 1–239.
  • 50. Van Rooijen M, Reinout G, & Houwert T. A vision for the dutch health care system in 2040. World Economic Forum. McKinsey and Company. 2013. p.6.
  • 51. Oban G, Küçük L. Ergenlerde ruhsal hastalıklara yönelik damgalamayı etkileyen etmenler. Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi. 2011; 2(1): 31-9.
  • 52. Ünal S, Hisar F, Çelik B, ve Özgüven Z. Üniversite öğrencilerinin ruhsal hastalığa yönelik inançları. Düşünen Adam Psikiyatri ve Nörolojik Bilimler Dergisi. 2010; 23(3): 145-50.
  • 53. Bergström J, Andersson G, Ljótsson B, Rück C, Andréewitch S, Karlsson A. et al. Internet-versus group-administered cognitive behaviour therapy for panic disorder in a psychiatric setting: A randomised trial. BMC Psychiatry. 2010; 10: 54.
  • 54. Hedman E, Andersson E, Lindefors N, Andersson G, Rück C, & Ljotsson B. Cost-effectiveness and long-term effectiveness of internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy for severe health anxiety. Psychological Medicine. 2013; 43(2): 363-74.
  • 55. World Health Organization. 2014 Mental health atlas. 2015. p. 9.

e-Mental Sağlık, İyi Uygulama Örneği, Hollanda

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 1006 - 1012, 30.09.2017

Öz








Amaç: Sağlık bakım hizmetlerinin bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri kullanılarak sunulması e-Sağlık olarak tanımlanmaktadır. e-Sağlık, tele-tıp, elektronik
hasta kayıtları, mobil sa
ğlık (m-Sağlık) ve e-öğrenme gibi uygulamaları kapsamaktadır. e-Mental sağlık ile mental rahatsızlığı bulunan bireyler
hastalıkları hakkında bilgilendirilir ve tedavi edilir. Bu çalı
şmanın amacı, Dünya’nın en iyi sağlık sistemlerinden birisine sahip olan Hollanda’da
uygulanan e-Mental sa
ğlık sistemini, iyi uygulama örneği olarak incelemektir.


Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmanın teorik kısmını, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından e-Sağlık hakkında hazırlanan raporlar ve akademik çalışmalar
olu
şturmaktadır. Çalışmanın saha araştırması, 5-12 Haziran 2016 tarihleri arasında Hollanda’ya gidilerek, e-Mental sağlık alanında uzmanlar
(akademisyenler, teknoloji
şirketleri, sağlık yöneticileri vb.) ile yapılan mülakatlar temel alınarak hazırlanmıştır. Mülakatlar İngilizce olarak
yapılmı
ştır ve yazılı olarak kaydedilmiştir.


Bulgular: Uzmanlara göre e-Mental sağlık Hollanda’da yaygın, verimli ve etkili olarak uygulanmaktadır. Böylece, mental hastalığı bulunan bireyler
toplum tarafından damgalanmaya maruz kalmadan tedavi olabilmektedir. e-Mental sa
ğlık uygulamaları ile yapılan teşhis ve tedavi yöntemleri, hastane
ve klinik ortamında yapılan yüz yüze tedaviye göre daha ekonomiktir. Bu uygulamalar tedavinin sürdürülebilirli
ğini olumlu etkilemektedir ve
personelin daha verimli çalı
şmasını sağlamaktadır.


Sonuçlar: Sonuç olarak, e-Mental sağlık uygulamaları, daha ekonomiktir ve toplumsal yönden daha faydalıdır. Bu uygulamalar insan kaynaklarının
kullanımı açısından daha verimli ve etkilidir ve hastalar bu uygulamalardan memnundurlar. 




Kaynakça

  • 1. Kılıç T. e-Sağlık ve Teletıp. İstanbul: AZ Yayınları; 2016; 15-57
  • 2. Andreassen HK, Bujnowska-Fedak MM, Chronaki CE, Dumitru RC, Pudule I, Santana S. et al. European citizens' use of e-health services: A study of seven countries. BMC Public Health. 2007; 7: 53.
  • 3. Koo M, Lu MC, & Lin SC. Predictors of internet use for health information among male and female internet users: Findings from the 2009 Taiwan National Health Interview Survey. International Journal of Medical Informatics. 2016; 94(10): 155-63.
  • 4. Andersson G, & Titov N. Advantages and limitations of internet‐based interventions for common mental disorders. World Psychiatry. 2014; 13(1): 4-11.
  • 5. Wittchen HU, Jacobi F, Rehm J, Gustavsson A, Svensson M, Jönsson B. et al. The size and burden of mental disorders and other disorders of the brain in Europe 2010. European Neuropsychopharmacology. 2011; 21(9): 655-79.
  • 6. Bolton P. The unknown role of mental health in global development. Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine. 2014; 87, 241-249 .
  • 7. Oh H, Rizo C, Enkin M, & Jadad A. What is eHealth (3): A systematic review of published definitions. J Med Internet Res. 2005; 7(1): e1.
  • 8. Eysenbach G. What is e-health? J Med Internet Res. 2001; 3(2): e20.
  • 9. Van Gemert-Pijnen JE, Nijland N, Van Limburg M, Ossebaard HC, Kelders SM, Eysenbach G. et al. A holistic framework to improve the uptake and impact of eHealth technologies. J Med Internet Res. 2011; 13(4): e111.
  • 10. Lal S, Adair CE. e-Mental health: A rapid review of the literature. Psychiatric Services. 2014; 65(1): 24-32.
  • 11. World Health Organization. Global diffusion of eHealth: Making universal health coverage achievable. Report of the third global survey on eHealth. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2016. p.11-76
  • 12. Cowie MR, Bax J, Bruining N, Cleland JGF, Koehler F, Malik M et al. e-health: A position statement of the European Society of Cardiology. European Heart Journal. 2016; 37(1): 63-6.
  • 13. Işık AH, Güler İ. Teletıpta mobil uygulama çalışması ve mobil iletişim teknolojilerinin analizi. Bilişim Teknolojileri Dergisi. 2010; 3(1): 1-10.
  • 14. Blaya JA, Fraser HSF, & Holt B. e-health technologies show promise in developing countries. Health Affairs. 2010; 29(2): 244-51.
  • 15. Yıldırım Ö, Doğan RÖ, Kaya İ. ve Kayıkçıoğlu T. Yaşlılar için tele-tıp tabanlı sağlık izleme sistemi. TIP TEKNO’16. 2016. 297-300.
  • 16. Fidan U, Güler NF. 4 kanallı biyotelemetri cihazı tasarımı. Gazi Üniv. Müh. Mim. Fak. Der. 2007; 22(1): 7-12.
  • 17. Aslantaş V, Kurban R. ve Çağlıkantar T. Kablosuz taşınabilir uzaktan sağlık izleme sistemlerinde sayısal imza kullanımı. Gazi Üniv. Müh. Mim. Fak. Der. 2008; 23(3): 531-38.
  • 18. Kalender N. ve Özdemir L. Yaşlılarda sağlık hizmetlerinin sunumunda tele-tıp kullanımı. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2013; 17(1): 50-8.
  • 19. Anderson JG. Social, ethical and legal barriers to e-health. International Journal of Medical Informatics. 2007; 76(5): 480-83.
  • 20. Turan, AH, Palvia PC. Critical information technology issues in Turkish healthcare. Information & Management. 2014; 51(1): 57-68.
  • 21. World Health Organization. mHealth. New horizons for health through mobile technologies. Based on the findings of the second global survey on eHealth. Global observatory for eHealth series- volume 3. 2011. p.6.
  • 22. Bert F, Giacometti M, Gualano MR, & Siliquini R. Smartphones and health promotion: A review of the evidence. J Med Syst. 2014; 38(1): 9995-7.
  • 23. Park LG, Howie-Esquivel J, Chung ML, & Dracup K. A text messaging intervention to promote medication adherence for patients with coronary heart disease: A randomized controlled trial. Patient Education and Counseling. 2014; 94(2): 261-68.
  • 24. Czaja SJ, Sharit J, Lee CC, Nair SN, Hernández MA, Arana N, et al. Factors influencing use of an e-health website in a community sample of older adults. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2013; 20(2): 277-84.
  • 25. Jones R, Skirton H, & McMullan M. Feasibility of combining e‐health for patients with e‐learning for students using synchronous technologies. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2006; 56(1): 99-9.
  • 26. Welsh ET, Wanberg CR, Brown KG, & Simmering MJ. E‐learning: Emerging uses: Empirical results and future directions. International Journal of Training and Development. 2003; 7(4): 245-58.
  • 27. World Health Organization. A universal truth: No health without a workforce. 2014. p.36.
  • 28. Ruiz JG, Mintzer MJ, & Leipzig RM. The impact of e-learning in medical education. Academic Medicine. 2006; 81(3): 207-12.
  • 29. World Health Organization. Mental health action plan 2013-2020. Geneva. 2013. p. 10-35.
  • 30. World Health Organization. mhGAP intervention guide for mental, neurological and substance use disorders in nonspecialized health settings: Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP). Geneva. 2010. p. 1.
  • 31. Prince M, Patel V, Saxena S, Maj M, Maselko J, Phillips MR, & Rahman A. No health without mental health. Lancet. 2007; 370(9590), 859-77.
  • 32. World Health Organization. mhGAP intervention guide for mental, neurological and substance use disorders in non-specialized health settings: Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP). Geneva. 2016. p. 17.
  • 33. Moussavi S, Chatterji S, Verdes E, Tandon A, Patel V, & Ustun B. Depression, chronic diseases, and decrements in health: Results from the World Health Surveys. Lancet. 2007; 370(9590), 851-58.
  • 34. World Health Organization. Depression and other common mental disorders. Global health estimates. 2017. p. 5.
  • 35. Çam O, Bilge A. Türkiye’de ruhsal hastalığa/hastaya yönelik inanç, tutum ve damgalama süreci: Sistematik derleme. Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi. 2013; 4(2): 91-1.
  • 36. Tel H, Ertekin Pınar Ş. Ayaktan izlenen psikiyatri hastalarında içselleştirilmiş damgalama ve benlik saygısı. Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi. 2012; 3(2): 61-6.
  • 37. Buldukoğlu K, Bademli K, Karakaya D, Göral G. ve Keser İ. Ruhsal hastalığı olan ebeveynle yaşamak. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar. 2011; 3(4): 683-3.
  • 38. Bilge A, Çam O. Ruhsal hastalığa yönelik damgalama ile mücadele. TAF Prev Med Bull, 2010; 9(1): 71-8.
  • 39. Çam O, Çuhadar D. Ruhsal hastalığa sahip bireylerde damgalama süreci ve içselleştirilmiş damgalama. Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi. 2011; 2(3): 136-40.
  • 40. Olesen J, Gustavsson A, Svensson M, Wittchen HU, Jönsson B, on behalf of the CDBE2010 study group, and the European Brain Council. The economic cost of brain disorders in Europe. European Journal of Neurology. 2012; 19(1): 155–62.
  • 41. Krieke L van der, Wunderink L, Emerencia A, Jonge P de, & Sytema S. e-Mental health self-management for psychotic disorders: State of the art and future perspectives. Psychiatric Services. 2014; 65(1): 33–49.
  • 42. Riper H, Andersson G, Christensen H, Cuijpers P, Lange A, & Eysenbach G. Theme issue on e-Mental health: A growing field in internet research. Journal of Medical Internet Research. 2010; 12(5): e74.
  • 43. Andrews G, Cuijpers P, Craske MG, McEvoy P, & Titov N. Computer therapy for the anxiety and depressive disorders is effective, acceptable and practical health care: A meta-analysis. PloS one. 2010; 5(10): 1-6.
  • 44. Naslund JA, Marsch LA, McHugo GJ, & Bartels SJ. Emerging mhealth and ehealth interventions for serious mental illness: A review of the literature. J Ment Health. 2015; 24(5): 320-31.
  • 45. Titov N, Dear BF, Staples LG, Bennett-Levy J, Klein B, Rapee RM. et al. The first 30 months of the MindSpot Clinic: Evaluation of a national e-Mental health service against project objectives. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2016; 1-13.
  • 46. Aref-Adib G, O’Hanlon P, Fullarton K, Morant N, Sommerlad A, Johnson S, & Osborn D. A qualitative study of online mental health information seeking behaviour by those with psychosis. BMC Psychiatry. 2016; 16: 2347. Purebl G, Petrea L, Shield L, Toth MD, Szekely A, Kurimay T. et al. Joint action on mental health and well-being. Depression, suicide prevention and e-health. Situation analysis and recommendations for action. 2015. p. 153.
  • 48. World Health Organization. World health statistics 2016. Monitoring health for the SGDs sustainable development goals. 2016. p. 44.
  • 49. Kroneman M, Boerma W, van den Berg M, Groenewegen P, de Jong, J, & van Ginneken E. Health systems in transition. Netherlands: Health system review. 2016; 18(2): 1–239.
  • 50. Van Rooijen M, Reinout G, & Houwert T. A vision for the dutch health care system in 2040. World Economic Forum. McKinsey and Company. 2013. p.6.
  • 51. Oban G, Küçük L. Ergenlerde ruhsal hastalıklara yönelik damgalamayı etkileyen etmenler. Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi. 2011; 2(1): 31-9.
  • 52. Ünal S, Hisar F, Çelik B, ve Özgüven Z. Üniversite öğrencilerinin ruhsal hastalığa yönelik inançları. Düşünen Adam Psikiyatri ve Nörolojik Bilimler Dergisi. 2010; 23(3): 145-50.
  • 53. Bergström J, Andersson G, Ljótsson B, Rück C, Andréewitch S, Karlsson A. et al. Internet-versus group-administered cognitive behaviour therapy for panic disorder in a psychiatric setting: A randomised trial. BMC Psychiatry. 2010; 10: 54.
  • 54. Hedman E, Andersson E, Lindefors N, Andersson G, Rück C, & Ljotsson B. Cost-effectiveness and long-term effectiveness of internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy for severe health anxiety. Psychological Medicine. 2013; 43(2): 363-74.
  • 55. World Health Organization. 2014 Mental health atlas. 2015. p. 9.
Toplam 54 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Diş Hekimliği
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Taşkın Kılıç

Sefa Mızrak Bu kişi benim

Gamze Ünver Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Eylül 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Kılıç, T., Mızrak, S., & Ünver, G. (2017). e-Mental Sağlık, İyi Uygulama Örneği, Hollanda. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 4(3), 1006-1012.
AMA Kılıç T, Mızrak S, Ünver G. e-Mental Sağlık, İyi Uygulama Örneği, Hollanda. CBU-SBED. Eylül 2017;4(3):1006-1012.
Chicago Kılıç, Taşkın, Sefa Mızrak, ve Gamze Ünver. “E-Mental Sağlık, İyi Uygulama Örneği, Hollanda”. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 4, sy. 3 (Eylül 2017): 1006-12.
EndNote Kılıç T, Mızrak S, Ünver G (01 Eylül 2017) e-Mental Sağlık, İyi Uygulama Örneği, Hollanda. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 4 3 1006–1012.
IEEE T. Kılıç, S. Mızrak, ve G. Ünver, “e-Mental Sağlık, İyi Uygulama Örneği, Hollanda”, CBU-SBED, c. 4, sy. 3, ss. 1006–1012, 2017.
ISNAD Kılıç, Taşkın vd. “E-Mental Sağlık, İyi Uygulama Örneği, Hollanda”. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 4/3 (Eylül 2017), 1006-1012.
JAMA Kılıç T, Mızrak S, Ünver G. e-Mental Sağlık, İyi Uygulama Örneği, Hollanda. CBU-SBED. 2017;4:1006–1012.
MLA Kılıç, Taşkın vd. “E-Mental Sağlık, İyi Uygulama Örneği, Hollanda”. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, c. 4, sy. 3, 2017, ss. 1006-12.
Vancouver Kılıç T, Mızrak S, Ünver G. e-Mental Sağlık, İyi Uygulama Örneği, Hollanda. CBU-SBED. 2017;4(3):1006-12.