Total Factor Productivity of Tourism Sector of OECD Countries

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 157 - 177, 29.12.2018

Rıza Bayrak

https://doi.org/10.18074/ckuiibfd.364743

Cited By: 3

Öz

In this study,
we try to analyze the total factor productivity of OECD countries in terms of
economics perspective with the 2011-2015 years data. The number of arrivals, tourism expenditures,
and logistic performance index were used as input variables; tourism receipt
also as output variables in accordance with the data acquired from World Bank
(WB). Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Indexes were applied to data with
output oriented models. According to research findings; all OECD countries seem to have different
fluctuated efficiency values in all kinds of efficiencies for those five years. Chech Republic was the only country that experienced
efficiency loss for five years; while the UK
is the only one that experienced increases in all type of efficiencies.
Moreover; USA, Japan, Turkey and New Zealand were the ones that never
experienced any loss in all kinds of efficiencies for the five years. In other
words, the efficiency values of those countries were either stable or increased
in that period.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tourism Sector, Efficiency Analysis, Malmquist Total Factor Productivity (MTFP)

OECD Ülkeleri Turizm Sektöründe Toplam Faktör Verimliliği

Öz

Bu
çalışmada, 2011-2015 yıllarına ait verilerle OECD ülkelerinin turizm sektörünün
toplam faktör verimlilik düzeyinin taspitine yönelik iktisadi analiz yapılmaya
çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada, girdi değişkeni olarak gelen yolcu sayısı, turizm
harcamaları, lojistik performans endeksi; çıktı değişkeni olarak da turizm
gelirleri olmak üzere toplam dört değişken kullanılmıştır. Veriler, Dünya
Bankası veri tabanından elde edilmiştir. Analiz yöntemi olarak, Malmquist Toplam Factor Verimliliği
Indeksi’nin çıktıya yönelik modeli kullanılmıştır. Analiz neticesinde;
bu beş yıllık süreçte tüm etkinlik türleri bazında OECD ülkelerinin etkinlik
değerlerinin stabil olmadığı, artış ve azalış yönünde dalgalandığı
gözlenmiştir. Bu dönemde Çek Cumhuriyeti’nin tüm etkinlik türlerinde sürekli
kayıp yaşadığı, İngiltere’nin ise tüm etkinlik türlerinde etkinlik artışı
sağladığı tespir edilmiştir. Ayrıca ABD, Japonya, Yeni Zelanda ve Türkiye’nin
ise bu süreçte hiçbir etkinlik kaybı yaşamayan ülkeler olduğu görülmüştür. Bir
başka ifadeyle bu ülkelerin etkinlik değerleri ya stabil kalmış ya da artış
yönünde olmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Turizm Sektörü, Etkinlik Analizi, Malmquist Toplam Faktör Verimliliği

Kaynakça

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