COVID-19 (Korona virüs hastalığı 2019) ilk kez 2019’da Çin’de görülen ve sonradan SARS-CoV-2 (şiddetli akut respiratuvar sendrom koronavirüs-2) olarak adlandırılan bir RNA virüsünün meydana getirdiği ve milyonlarca ölüme sebep olan, komplikasyonlar yaratan, pandemiye neden olan bir hastalıktır. Hastalık farklı yaş gruplarında farklı kliniklerle kendisini göstermektedir. Çocuklarda erişkinlere oranla asemptomatik vaka oranı çok daha yüksek olsa da risk grubundaki çocuklarda ciddi sorunlar yaratabilmektedir. Özellikle hastalık döneminde çocuklarda ateş, öksürük, kusma gibi semptomlara sebep olabilirken bu süreçten sonra da çok farklı klinik tablolar izlenebilmektedir. Günümüzde ne kadar vaka sayıları ve yoğun bakım yükü azalmış olsa da halen hastalığın önemi açıktır. Çalışmamızdaki amacımız COVID-19 hastalığının patogenezine genel bakış açısıyla yaklaşım yaratmak ve çocuklardaki olası klinikler için bir öngörü oluşturmaktır.
Katkılarından dolayı bizi geleceğe hazırlayan Derya ALABAZ hocamıza sonsuz teşekkürler
Kaynakça
Vlachos J, Hertegård E, B Svaleryd H. The effects of school closures on SARS-CoV-2 among parents and teachers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2021 Mar 2;118(9):e2020834118. doi:10.1073/pnas.2020834118. PMID: 33574041; PMCID: PMC7936333.
Covid-19 (SARS-CoV-2 Enfeksiyonu) Güncel Dönemde Covid-19’a Yönelik Okullarda Alınması Gereken Önlemler (Mart 2022), Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Sağlık Bakanlığı, Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara
Howard-Jones AR, Burgner DP, Crawford NW, Goeman E, Gray PE, Hsu P, Kuek S, McMullan BJ, Tosif S, Wurzel D, Bowen AC, Danchin M, Koirala A, Sharma K, Yeoh DK, Britton PN. COVID-19 in children. II: Pathogenesis, disease spectrum and management. J Paediatr Child Health. 2022 Jan;58(1):46-53. doi: 10.1111/jpc.15811. Epub 2021 Oct 25. PMID: 34694037; PMCID: PMC8662268.
Report of the WHO-China Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Rathore JS, Ghosh C. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a newly emerged pathogen: an overview. Pathog Dis. 2020 Aug 1;78(6):ftaa042. doi: 10.1093/femspd/ftaa042. PMID: 32840560; PMCID: PMC7499575.
Kampf G, Todt D, Pfaender S, Steinmann E. Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and their inactivation with biocidal agents. J Hosp Infect. 2020 Mar;104(3):246-251. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.01.022. Epub 2020 Feb 6. Erratum in: J Hosp Infect. 2020 Jun 17;: PMID: 32035997; PMCID: PMC7132493.
Cui J, Li F, Shi Z-L. Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses. Nat Rev Microbiol 2019; 17(3):181-192. doi: 10.1038/s41579-018-0118-9
Bosch BJ, van der Zee R, de Haan CA, Rottier PJ. The coronavirus spike protein is a class I virus fusion protein: structural and functional characterization of the fusion core complex. J Virol. 2003 Aug;77(16):8801-11. doi: 10.1128/jvi.77.16.8801-8811.2003. PMID: 12885899; PMCID: PMC167208.
Wu K, Werner AP, Moliva JI, et al. mRNA-1273 vaccine induces neutralizing antibodies against spike mutants from global SARS-CoV-2 variants.external icon bioRxiv. Posted January 25, 2021.
Xie X, Zou J, Fontes-Garfias CR, et al. Neutralization of N501Y mutant SARS-CoV-2 by BNT162b2 vaccine-elicited seraexternal icon. bioRxiv. Posted January 7, 2021. Greaney AJ, Loes AN, Crawford KHD, et al. Comprehensive mapping of mutations to the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain that affect recognition by polyclonal human serum antibodiesexternal icon. bioRxiv. [Preprint posted online January 4, 2021]
Bunyavanich S, Do A, Vicencio A. Nasal Gene Expression of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 in Children and Adults. JAMA. 2020 Jun 16;323(23):2427-2429. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.8707. PMID: 32432657; PMCID: PMC7240631.
Horby P, Huntley C, Davies N, et al. NERVTAG note on B.1.1.7 severitypdf iconexternal icon. SAGE meeting report. January 21, 2021.
Wu K, Werner AP, Moliva JI, et al. mRNA-1273 vaccine induces neutralizing antibodies against spike mutants from global SARS-CoV-2 variants.external icon bioRxiv. Posted January 25, 2021.
Xie X, Zou J, Fontes-Garfias CR, et al. Neutralization of N501Y mutant SARS-CoV-2 by BNT162b2 vaccine-elicited seraexternal icon. bioRxiv. Posted January 7, 2021. Greaney AJ, Loes AN, Crawford KHD, et al. Comprehensive mapping of mutations to the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain that affect recognition by polyclonal human serum antibodiesexternal icon. bioRxiv. [Preprint posted online January 4, 2021]
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COVID-19 (Corona virus disease 2019) is caused by an RNA virus first seen in China in 2019 and later named SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2), causing millions of deaths and causing complications. It is a disease that causes a pandemic. The disease manifests itself in different clinics in different age groups. Although the rate of asymptomatic cases is much higher in children than in adults, it can cause serious problems in children in the risk group. While it may cause symptoms such as fever, cough, and vomiting, especially in children during the disease period, very different clinical presentation can be observed after this process. Although the number of cases and the intensive care burden have decreased today, the importance of the disease is still clear. Our aim in our study is to create an approach with an overview of the pathogenesis of COVID-19 disease and to create a foresight for possible clinics in children.
Vlachos J, Hertegård E, B Svaleryd H. The effects of school closures on SARS-CoV-2 among parents and teachers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2021 Mar 2;118(9):e2020834118. doi:10.1073/pnas.2020834118. PMID: 33574041; PMCID: PMC7936333.
Covid-19 (SARS-CoV-2 Enfeksiyonu) Güncel Dönemde Covid-19’a Yönelik Okullarda Alınması Gereken Önlemler (Mart 2022), Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Sağlık Bakanlığı, Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara
Howard-Jones AR, Burgner DP, Crawford NW, Goeman E, Gray PE, Hsu P, Kuek S, McMullan BJ, Tosif S, Wurzel D, Bowen AC, Danchin M, Koirala A, Sharma K, Yeoh DK, Britton PN. COVID-19 in children. II: Pathogenesis, disease spectrum and management. J Paediatr Child Health. 2022 Jan;58(1):46-53. doi: 10.1111/jpc.15811. Epub 2021 Oct 25. PMID: 34694037; PMCID: PMC8662268.
Report of the WHO-China Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Rathore JS, Ghosh C. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a newly emerged pathogen: an overview. Pathog Dis. 2020 Aug 1;78(6):ftaa042. doi: 10.1093/femspd/ftaa042. PMID: 32840560; PMCID: PMC7499575.
Kampf G, Todt D, Pfaender S, Steinmann E. Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and their inactivation with biocidal agents. J Hosp Infect. 2020 Mar;104(3):246-251. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.01.022. Epub 2020 Feb 6. Erratum in: J Hosp Infect. 2020 Jun 17;: PMID: 32035997; PMCID: PMC7132493.
Cui J, Li F, Shi Z-L. Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses. Nat Rev Microbiol 2019; 17(3):181-192. doi: 10.1038/s41579-018-0118-9
Bosch BJ, van der Zee R, de Haan CA, Rottier PJ. The coronavirus spike protein is a class I virus fusion protein: structural and functional characterization of the fusion core complex. J Virol. 2003 Aug;77(16):8801-11. doi: 10.1128/jvi.77.16.8801-8811.2003. PMID: 12885899; PMCID: PMC167208.
Wu K, Werner AP, Moliva JI, et al. mRNA-1273 vaccine induces neutralizing antibodies against spike mutants from global SARS-CoV-2 variants.external icon bioRxiv. Posted January 25, 2021.
Xie X, Zou J, Fontes-Garfias CR, et al. Neutralization of N501Y mutant SARS-CoV-2 by BNT162b2 vaccine-elicited seraexternal icon. bioRxiv. Posted January 7, 2021. Greaney AJ, Loes AN, Crawford KHD, et al. Comprehensive mapping of mutations to the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain that affect recognition by polyclonal human serum antibodiesexternal icon. bioRxiv. [Preprint posted online January 4, 2021]
Bunyavanich S, Do A, Vicencio A. Nasal Gene Expression of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 in Children and Adults. JAMA. 2020 Jun 16;323(23):2427-2429. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.8707. PMID: 32432657; PMCID: PMC7240631.
Horby P, Huntley C, Davies N, et al. NERVTAG note on B.1.1.7 severitypdf iconexternal icon. SAGE meeting report. January 21, 2021.
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