COVID-19’un sık görülen ve atipik kulak burun boğaz bulguları

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 46 Sayı: 2, 780 - 788, 30.06.2021

Neslihan Sarı , Nurgül Arslan , Vasfiye Bayram Değer

https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.871808

Öz

Amaç: Literatürde, koku alma bozukluğu, konjuktivit, gastrointestinal bulgular vs gibi COVID-19’un birçok atipik sunumu mevcuttur. Bu çalışmanın amacı; acil ve Kulak Burun Boğaz (KBB) polikliniğine başvuran hastalarda COVID-19’un sık ve atipik semptomlarını araştırmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu vaka serisi 1 Nisan 2020 ile 30 Nisan 2020 tarihleri arasında hastaneye başvuran 49 hasta ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sık ve atipik görülen KBB bulguları kaydedildi. Sosyodemografik bulgular ve kan parametreleri değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Hastaların %59.2’i 40 yaş ve üzeri, %55.1’i erkek, %46.9’u A kan grubu, %24.5’i sigara içen, %51 ’inin kronik hastalığı vardı. Ortak bulgular arasında; ateş %71.4, kuru öksürük %46.9, nefes darlığı %42.9, burun akıntısı %51, burun tıkanıklığı %42.9 görüldü. Boğaz ağrısı %22.4, baş ağrısı %32.7, koku alma bozukluğu %18.4, tat alma bozukluğu %26.5 ve ishal %49 olarak kaydedildi. Koku ve tat alma bozuklukları iyi prognoz ve hafif klinik seyir göstermektedir. Kadın ve erkek hastaların hemoglobin ve D-dimer düzeyleri arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu. Bu çalışmada belirlenen D-dimer seviyeleri literatürde bildirilenlerden anlamlı derecede yüksekti.
Sonuç: COVID-19 ortak semptomlarla ortaya çıkarken, bazen atipik semptomlar hastaneye başvuru da tek bulgu olabilir. Koku ve tat bozuklukları gibi bulgular COVID-19’un sinirler üzerine etkilerine dikkat çekmektedir. Koku tat bozuklukları gibi nöronal etkiler COVID -19 hastalarında uzun dönemde yakından takip edilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, KBB bulguları, koku bozukluğu, tat bozukluğu

Common and atypical otorhinolaryngological findings of Covid-19

Öz

Purpose: Several atypical presentations of COVID-19 like anosmia, conjuctivitis, and gastrointestinal findings are seen in the literature. The purpose of this study was to investigate the common and atypical symptoms of COVID-19 among the patients admitted to the otorhinolaryngology (ENT) outpatient clinic.
Materials and Methods: This case series was conducted with 49 patients who applied to hospital between April 1, 2020 and April 30, 2020. Common and atypical otolaryngological findings were recorded. Sociodemographic findings and blood parameters were also evaluated.
Results: Of the patients, 59.18% were aged 40 and over, 46.94% were of the A blood group, 55.10% were male and 24.49% were smokers, 51.02% had a chronic disease. Among typical symptoms; fever (71.43%), a dry cough (46.94%), shortness of breath (42.86%) was seen. Diarrhea (48.98%), runny nose (51.02%), nasal congestion (42.85%), sore throat (22.44%), headaches (32.65%), 18.36% olfactory disorder, 26.53% gustatory disturbance were noted. Olfactory and gustatory disturbances are found to be related to good prognosis and mild clinical course. The difference between Hg and D–dimer levels of the female and male patients were found to be statistically significant. The D-dimer levels determined in the present study were higher than those reported in the literature.
Conclusion: While COVID-19 present with common symptoms, sometimes atypical symptoms can be the only finding during initial application to the hospital. Olfactory and gustatory disturbances point to the effects of COVID-19 on neurons. Neuronal effects like olfactory and gustatory disturbances should be closely monitored in COVID-19 patients in long term.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, Otorhinolaryngology, Olfactory disorder, taste disorder

Kaynakça

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