Impact of level of income and occupational factors on mental health during COVID-19 lockdown in Turkey

Year 2022, Volume: 47 Issue: 1, 87 - 94, 31.03.2022

Murat Yalçın , Derya Özdemir , Suleyman Cakiroglu , Selim Arpacıoğlu

https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.1022808

Cited By: 3

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the impact of level of income and occupational factors on mental health during the COVID-19 lockdown in Turkey.
Materials and Methods: The study has a cross-sectional, descriptive design and 768 participants were included. The data were collected via an electronic survey by sharing the link in social media groups. Monthly household income (MHI) and occupational characteristics of the participants were investigated during COVID-19 lockdown. Psychological measurements were performed via PHQ-4 and Fear of COVID-19 scales.
Results: Regarding MHI; participants with a MHI of €299 or less had significantly higher levels of anxiety and depression compared to those with a MHI of €1000 or higher. Regarding occupational groups; the unemployed and students had higher anxiety and depression levels compared to housewives/retired individuals, business owners, government officials and health workers. It was determined that partial remote work and working at the workplace were protective against anxiety and depression, respectively.
Conclusion: Conditions such as unemployment, low level of income and the decreased social interaction related to working style were found to be associated with higher depression and anxiety levels during the pandemic.

Keywords

COVID-19, workplace, level of income, depression, anxiety

Gelir düzeyi ve mesleki faktörlerin Türkiye'de COVID-19 kapanması döneminde ruh sağlığı üzerindeki etkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu araştırma, Türkiye'de gelir düzeyi ve mesleki faktörlerin COVID-19 kapanması sırasında ruh sağlığı üzerindeki etkisini araştırmayı amaçlamıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı bir tasarıma sahiptir ve toplam 768 katılımcı araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Veriler, sosyal medya gruplarında bağlantısı paylaşılan elektronik anket yoluyla elde edilmiştir. COVID-19 kapanması sırasında katılımcıların aylık hane geliri düzeyi (AHG) ve mesleki özellikleri ile çalışma durumları incelenmiştir. Psikolojik durumla ilgili ölçümler PHQ-4 ve COVID-19 korkusu ölçekleri ile yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Sonuçlar AHG açısından değerlendirildiğinde, AHG'si €299 veya daha düşük olan katılımcılarda, AHG'si €1000 ve daha yüksek olanlara göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksek anksiyete ve depresyon düzeyleri saptanmıştır. Meslek grupları ile ilgili olarak; işsizlerin ve öğrencilerin, ev hanımları/emekli bireylere, iş yeri sahiplerine, devlet memurlarına ve sağlık çalışanlarına göre daha yüksek anksiyete ve depresyon düzeylerine sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Kısmi uzaktan çalışmanın ve işyerinde çalışmanın sırasıyla anksiyete ve depresyona karşı koruyucu olduğu bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: İşsizlik, düşük gelir düzeyi ve çalışma şekline bağlı olarak iş ortamındaki sosyal etkileşimin azalması gibi durumların, pandemi sürecinde daha yüksek depresyon ve anksiyete düzeyleri ile ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir.

Keywords

COVID-19, COVID-19, iş yeri, gelir düzeyi, depresyon, anksiyete

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