Metro İstasyonu Tasarımlarının Normal İşletme ve Acil Durum Tahliye Senaryoları Açısından 3 Boyutlu Simülasyon Teknolojisi ile Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2022, , 51 - 65, 31.07.2022

Cem Kırlangıçoğlu

https://doi.org/10.47072/demiryolu.1105491

Öz

Yaya simülasyonu teknolojilerinin mimarlık ve şehir planlama disiplinlerinde kullanımı yeni bir kavram olmamakla birlikte; makine öğrenmesi tabanlı, insan davranışlarına benzer sonuçlar veren, ajan bazlı, gerçekçiliği ve geçerliliği bilimsel olarak ispatlanmış üç boyutlu simülasyon yazılımları son yıllarda ortaya çıkmışlardır. Bu yazılımlar, özellikle kalabalık ve karmaşık mekanlarda ortaya çıkabilecek sirkülasyon ve acil durum tahliye problemlerinin henüz tasarım aşamasındayken görülmesine olanak sağlamakta; bu sayede yapı inşa edilmeden önce projede gerekli revizyonların gerçekleştirilmesine imkan vermektedir. Ulusal ve uluslararası standartlar doğrultusunda gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmanın amacı, güncel simülasyon teknolojilerinin yapılara ilişkin normal işletme ve acil durum tahliye senaryolarının değerlendirilmesinde kullanımını örnek olarak seçilen gerçek bir metro istasyonu projesi üzerinden incelemektir. Seçilen raylı sistem hattındaki istasyona özgü yolcu yüklerinin bulunması amacıyla klasik elle hesaplama yöntemleri kullanılmış, ortaya çıkan değerler Massmotion yazılımına aktarılarak mekânsal kapasite analizleri gerçekleştirilmiş ve istasyonun tüm katlarına ilişkin hizmet seviyeleri bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak metro istasyonunun normal işletme ve acil durum tahliye senaryolarının gereksinimlerini karşılayıp karşılamayacağı test edilmiş, ortaya çıkan sonuçlar çalışma kapsamında verilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Metro istasyonu, Yaya simülasyonu, Hizmet seviyesi, Kapasite analizi, Sosyal Kuvvet Modeli

Evaluation of Metro Station Design in Terms of Normal Operation and Emergency Evacuation Scenarios with 3D Simulation Software

Öz

Although the use of pedestrian simulation technologies in architecture and urban planning disciplines is not a new concept; the use of 3D simulation software based on machine learning, which gives results similar to human behavior, which is agent-based and of which validity has been scientifically proven, have emerged in recent years. This kind of software allows seeing circulation and emergency evacuation problems that may arise in crowded and complex spaces while still in the design phase. This way, it allows the necessary revisions to be made in the project before the construction begins. The aim of this study, which is carried out in line with national and international standards, is to examine the use of current simulation technologies in the evaluation of normal operation and emergency evacuation scenarios related to buildings through an actual metro station project selected as an example. In order to find station-specific passenger loads on the chosen rail system line, classical manual calculation methods were used, spatial capacity analyzes were carried out by transferring the resulting values to the Massmotion software, and service levels for all floors of the station were found. As a result, it was tested whether the selected metro station would meet the requirements of regular operation and emergency evacuation scenarios or not, and the results were given within the scope of the study.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Metro station, Pedestrian simulation, Level of service, Capacity analysis, Social Force Model

Kaynakça

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