Bazı abiyotik stres faktörlerine dayanımı yüksek veya duyarlı patlıcan genotiplerinde Cu, Pb, Cd ve Zn içeren sulama sularının fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal parametreler üzerine etkisi

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 2, 106 - 118, 28.12.2015

Sevinç Kıran , Fatma Özkay Şebnem Kuşvuran , Ş.Şebnem Ellialtıoğlu

https://doi.org/10.16882/derim.2015.61598

Öz

Çalışmada tuza tolerans düzeyleri daha önce belirlenmiş tuz ve kuraklığa tolerans (Burdur Merkez, Burdur Bucak) ve duyarlı (Kemer ve Giresun) patlıcan genotipleri kullanılmıştır. Kontrollü sera koşullarında yürütülen çalışmada, patlıcan tohumları torf ve perlit karışımı ortamında çimlendirilmiş ve ekimden 20 gün sonra fideler saksılara şaşırtılmıştır. Bitkiler 7 gün sonra içerisinde farklı dozlarda ağır metaller bulunan sulama suyu (Kontrol: 0 ppm; I. Karışım: 0.2 ppm Cu+0.01 ppm Cd+5 ppm Pb+2 ppm Zn; II. Karışım: 0.4 ppm Cu+0.02 ppm Cd+10 ppm Pb+4 ppm Zn) ile sulanmaya başlanmıştır. Bitkiler 40 gün boyunca sulandıktan sonra bu sürenin sonunda hasat edilmiş ve analizler için örnek alımı yapılmıştır. Çalışmada bitkiler, yeşil aksam ve kök yaş ağırlığı, yeşil aksam ve kök kuru ağırlığı, gövde ve kök boyu, yaprak alanı, klorofil, malondialdehit (MDA) miktarı, süperoksit dismutaz (SOD), katalaz (CAT), askorbat peroksidaz (APX) ve glutatyon redüktaz (GR) enzim aktiviteleri yönünden incelenmiştir. Bitkiler genotiplere göre değişmekle birlikte ağır metal uygulamasından olumsuz yönde etkilenmişlerdir. Ağır metal uygulamaları doz artışına bağlı olarak bitkilerin yeşil aksam ve köklerinin yaş ve kuru ağırlıklarında, kök ve gövde boylarında, yaprak alanı değerlerinde azalmaya neden olmuş, MDA ve antioksidatif enzim aktivitelerinde artış görülmüştür. Çalışma sonucunda, ağır metal uygulamalarının oluşturduğu strese karşı, tolerant Burdur Merkez ve Burdur Bucak genotipleri, hassas olan Giresun ve Kemer genotiplerine oranla daha iyi bir performans göstermiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; bitkilerin tuzluluk, kuraklık ve ağır metal stresi gibi abiyotik streslere dayanım için benzer mekanizmaları kullandıkları düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Solanum melongena, Genotip, Ağır metal, MDA, Antioksidatif enzim

The effect of irrigation water including Cu, Pb, Cd, and Zn on the physiological and biochemical parameters in eggplant genotypes tolerant or susceptible to some abiotic stress factors

Öz

The eggplant genotypes (Burdur Merkez, Burdur Bucak, Kemer ve Giresun) of which salt and drought tolerances were determined before by examining changes in some of the morphological and physiological characteristics were used as materials. In the studies carried out in controlled greenhouse conditions, eggplant plants were subjected to different levels heavy metal irrigation at 20 days after sowing (Control: 0 ppm; I. mixture: 0.2 ppm Cu+0.01 ppm Cd+5 ppm Pb+2 ppm Zn; II. mixture: 0.4 ppm Cu+0.02 ppm Cd+10 ppm Pb+4 ppm Zn). Young plants were harvested after forty days at heavy metal treatment and the fresh and dry shoot weight, fresh and dry root weight, shoot and root length, leaf areas, chlorophyll, malondi-aldehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) were determined. The eggplant plants were adversely affected by heavy metal applications. In parallel to increase the dose, heavy metal mixtures led to a reduction in values of fresh and dry weight of shoot and root, stem and root length, leaf area. MDA and antioxidative enzyme activities increased in plants irrigated with water containing a mixture of heavy metal. As a result of this study, tolerant Burdur Merkez and Burdur Bucak genotypes showed a better performance compared with the salt sensitive genotypes Giresun and Kemer. The plants are thought to use similar mechanisms for resistance to abiotic stresses such as drought and heavy metal stress.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Solanum melongena, Genotype, Heavy metal, MDA, Antioxidative enzymes

Kaynakça

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