Araştırma Makalesi
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Ebeveynlerin Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan Çocuklarının Duygu Temelli Tepkilerine Yönelik Görüşleri

Yıl 2019, Sayı: 47, 14 - 35, 09.07.2019

Öz

Bu araştırmada OSB’li çocuğu olan ebeveynlerin, çocuklarının
kendi duygularını ve ebeveynlerinin duyularını anlama ve ifade etme
becerilerine ilişkin görüşlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada,
OSB’li çocuğa sahip birincil bakım veren durumundaki 16 ebeveyn ile
yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ebeveyn görüşleri
görüşmelerin yazıya dökülmesi ile ebeveyn görüşlerini yansıtan ön temaların
oluşturulması sonrası temalar üzerinden yapılan betimsel analizler sonucunda
belirlenmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan ebeveynlerden elde edilen bilgiler
arasından dikkat çekici sonuçlar, ebeveynlerin çoğunlukla, çocuklarının en çok
istediğini elde edemediğinde üzüldüğünü; üzgün olduğunu ağlayarak ifade
ettiklerini; en çok
istediği,
sevdiği bir şeyi yaptığı ya da elde ettiği durumlarda mutlu olduğunu;
mutluluklarını genelde gülerek, heyecanlı davranışlar sergileyerek, sözel ya da
sosyal olarak ifade ettiklerini, ebeveynlerin kendileri mutlu olduklarında
çocuklarının da duygu durumlarına davranışları ile uyumlu olarak eşlik
ettiklerini, üzgün olduklarında ise çocuklarının anne babalarının üzüntülerinin
nedenini sorguladığını ve onları teselli ettiklerini bildirmişlerdir.
Bu araştırmada ilgili temalar
altında derinlemesine elde edilen ebeveyn görüşleri tartışılmış ve gelecekte
yapılacak araştırmalara yönelik önerilere yer verilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Akın-Bülbül, I. & Özdemir, S. (2017). Ortak dikkat becerileri ve otizm spektrum bozukluğu. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 36(1), 195-220.American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders,DSM-5: 5th edition. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 265-290.
  • Barna, J., & Legerstee, M. (2005). Nine-and twelve-month-old infants relate emotions to people's actions. Cognition & Emotion, 19(1), 53-67.
  • Baron‐Cohen, S. (1991). The Theory of Mind deficit in autism: How specific is it? British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 9(2), 301-314.
  • Baron-Cohen, S. (1995). Mindblindess: An essay on autism and Theory of Mind. Boston: MIT Press/ Bradford Books.
  • Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., Hill, J., Raste, Y., & Plumb, I. (2001). The “Reading the Mind in the Eyes” Test revised version: A study with normal adults, and adults with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 42(2), 241-251.
  • Baş, T., & Akturan, U. (2008). Nitel araştırma yöntemleri NVivo 7.0 ile nitel veri analizi. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Bedford, R., Elsabbagh, M., Gliga, T., Pickles, A., Senju, A., Charman and T., & Johnson, M. H. (2012). Precursors to social and communication difficulties in infants at- risk for autism: Gaze following and attentional engagement. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42 (10), 2208-2218.
  • Begeer, S., Koot, H. M., Reiffe, C., Terwogt, M. M. & Stegge, H. (2008). Emotional competence in children with autism: Diagnostic criteria and empirical evidence. Developmental Review, 28 (3). 342- 369.
  • Beyer J., & Gammeltoft L. (2007). Autism, play, and social interaction. London: Jessica Kingleys Publishers.
  • Bieberich, A. A., & Morgan, S. B. (2004). Self-regulation and affective expression during play in children with autism or down syndrome: A short-term longitudinal study. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34(4), 439-448.
  • Boucher, J., Lewis, V., & Collis, G. M. (2000). Voice processing abilities in children with autism, children with specific language impairments, and young typically developing children. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 41(7), 847-857.
  • Bushneil, I. W. R., Sai, F., & Mullin, J. T. (1989). Neonatal recognition of the mother's face. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 7(1), 3-15.
  • Capps, L., Kassari, C., Yirmiya, N., & Sigman, M. (1993). Parental perception of emotional expressiveness in children with autism. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61(3), 475-484.
  • Ceyhun, A.T., & Özdemir, S. (2015). Otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan çocuklar ile normal gelişim gösteren çocukların yüz işleme becerilerinin karşılaştırılarak incelenmesi. 25. Ulusal Özel Eğitim Kongresi. Türkiye.
  • Draghi-Lorenz, R., Reddy, V., & Costall, A. (2001). Rethinking the development of “nonbasic” emotions: A critical review of existing theories. Developmental Review, 21(3), 263-304.
  • Ekman, P. (1982). Emotion in the human face. Newyork: Cambridge University Press.
  • Golan, O., Baron-Cohen, S., & Hill, J. (2006). The Cambridge mindreading (CAM) face-voice battery: Testing complex emotion recognition in adults with and without Asperger syndrome. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36 (2), 169-183.
  • Golan, O., Sinai-Gavrilov, Y., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2015). The Cambridge Mindreading Face-Voice Battery for Children (CAM-C): Complex emotion recognition in children with and without autism spectrum conditions. Molecular Autism, 6(1), 22.
  • Gonsiorowski, A., Williamson, R. A., & Robins, D. L. (2016). Brief Report: Imitation of object-directed acts in young children with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46(2), 691-697.
  • Gray, D. E. (2002). Ten years on: A longitudinal study of families of children with autism. Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 27(3), 215-222.
  • Groom, M. J., Kochhar, P., Hamilton, A., Liddle, E. B., Simeou, M., & Hollis, C. (2017). Atypical processing of gaze cues and faces explains comorbidity between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47 (5), 1496-1509.
  • Gürel-Selimoğlu, Ö., Özdemir, S., Töret G., Özkubat, U.(2014). Otizmli çocuğa sahip ebeveynlerin otizm tanılama sürecinde ve tanı sonrasında yaşadıkları deneyimlerine ilişkin görüşlerinin incelenmesi. International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education (INT-JECSE), 5 (2), 129-167.
  • Harms, M., Martin, A., & Wallace, G. L. (2010). Facial emotion recognition in autism spectrum disorders: A review of behavioral and neuro imaging studies. Neuropsychology Review, 20, 290–322.
  • Jiménez, L., Lorda, M. J., & Méndez, C. (2014). Emulation and mimicry in school students with typical development and with high functioning autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 44 (7), 1597-1608.
  • Johnson, S. A., Filliter, J. H., & Murphy, R. R. (2009). Discrepancies between self-and parent-perceptions of autistic traits and empathy in high functioning children and adolescents on the autism spectrum. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39(12), 1706-1714.
  • Kieras, J. E., Tobin, R. M., Graziano, W. G., & Rothbart, M. K. (2005). You can't always get what you want: Effortful control and children's responses to undesirable gifts. Psychological Science, 16(5), 391-396.
  • Klin, A., Jones, W., Schultz, R., Volkmar, F. & Cohen, D. (2002). Visual fixation patterns during wiewing of naturalistic social situations as predictors of social competence in individuals with autism. Archives of General Psychiatry, 59(9), 809–816.
  • Koegel, R.L., & Koegel, L. K. (2006). Pivotal response treatments for autism. London: Paul H. Brookers Publishing.
  • Koegel, R.L., Koegel, L. K., Hurley, J., & Frea W. D. (1992). Improving social skills and disruptive behavior in children with autism through self-management. Journal of Applied Behavior Analyses. 25(2) 341–353.
  • Lagattuta, K. H. (2005). When you shouldn't do what you want to do: Young children's understanding of desires, rules, and emotions. Child Development, 76(3), 713-733.
  • Loukusa, S., Mäkinen, L., Kuusikko‐Gauffin, S., Ebeling, H., & Moilanen, I. (2014). Theory of Mind and emotion recognition skills in children with specific language impairment, autism spectrum disorder and typical development: Group differences and connection to knowledge of grammatical morphology, word‐finding abilities and verbal working memory. International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 49(4), 498-507.
  • Ludlow, A., Skelly, C., & Rohleder, P. (2012). Challenges faced by parents of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Health Psychology, 17(5), 702-711.
  • McPartland, J. C., Webb, S. J., Keehn, B., & Dawson, G. (2011). Patterns of visual attention to faces and objects in autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41 (2), 148-157.
  • Meltzoff, A. N., & Prinz, W. (Eds.). (2002). The imitative mind: Development, evolution and brain bases (Vol. 6). Cambridge University Press.
  • Meral, F. B., & Cavkaytar, A., (2012). A study on social support perceptions of parents who have children with autism. International Journal on New Trends in Education and Their Implications, 3(3) 124- 136.
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  • Rutherford, M. D., Baron-Cohen, S., & Wheelwright, S. (2002). Reading the mind in the voice: A study with normal adults and adults with Asperger syndrome and high functioning autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 32(3), 189-194.
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Yıl 2019, Sayı: 47, 14 - 35, 09.07.2019

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Akın-Bülbül, I. & Özdemir, S. (2017). Ortak dikkat becerileri ve otizm spektrum bozukluğu. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 36(1), 195-220.American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders,DSM-5: 5th edition. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 265-290.
  • Barna, J., & Legerstee, M. (2005). Nine-and twelve-month-old infants relate emotions to people's actions. Cognition & Emotion, 19(1), 53-67.
  • Baron‐Cohen, S. (1991). The Theory of Mind deficit in autism: How specific is it? British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 9(2), 301-314.
  • Baron-Cohen, S. (1995). Mindblindess: An essay on autism and Theory of Mind. Boston: MIT Press/ Bradford Books.
  • Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., Hill, J., Raste, Y., & Plumb, I. (2001). The “Reading the Mind in the Eyes” Test revised version: A study with normal adults, and adults with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 42(2), 241-251.
  • Baş, T., & Akturan, U. (2008). Nitel araştırma yöntemleri NVivo 7.0 ile nitel veri analizi. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Bedford, R., Elsabbagh, M., Gliga, T., Pickles, A., Senju, A., Charman and T., & Johnson, M. H. (2012). Precursors to social and communication difficulties in infants at- risk for autism: Gaze following and attentional engagement. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42 (10), 2208-2218.
  • Begeer, S., Koot, H. M., Reiffe, C., Terwogt, M. M. & Stegge, H. (2008). Emotional competence in children with autism: Diagnostic criteria and empirical evidence. Developmental Review, 28 (3). 342- 369.
  • Beyer J., & Gammeltoft L. (2007). Autism, play, and social interaction. London: Jessica Kingleys Publishers.
  • Bieberich, A. A., & Morgan, S. B. (2004). Self-regulation and affective expression during play in children with autism or down syndrome: A short-term longitudinal study. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34(4), 439-448.
  • Boucher, J., Lewis, V., & Collis, G. M. (2000). Voice processing abilities in children with autism, children with specific language impairments, and young typically developing children. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 41(7), 847-857.
  • Bushneil, I. W. R., Sai, F., & Mullin, J. T. (1989). Neonatal recognition of the mother's face. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 7(1), 3-15.
  • Capps, L., Kassari, C., Yirmiya, N., & Sigman, M. (1993). Parental perception of emotional expressiveness in children with autism. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61(3), 475-484.
  • Ceyhun, A.T., & Özdemir, S. (2015). Otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan çocuklar ile normal gelişim gösteren çocukların yüz işleme becerilerinin karşılaştırılarak incelenmesi. 25. Ulusal Özel Eğitim Kongresi. Türkiye.
  • Draghi-Lorenz, R., Reddy, V., & Costall, A. (2001). Rethinking the development of “nonbasic” emotions: A critical review of existing theories. Developmental Review, 21(3), 263-304.
  • Ekman, P. (1982). Emotion in the human face. Newyork: Cambridge University Press.
  • Golan, O., Baron-Cohen, S., & Hill, J. (2006). The Cambridge mindreading (CAM) face-voice battery: Testing complex emotion recognition in adults with and without Asperger syndrome. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36 (2), 169-183.
  • Golan, O., Sinai-Gavrilov, Y., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2015). The Cambridge Mindreading Face-Voice Battery for Children (CAM-C): Complex emotion recognition in children with and without autism spectrum conditions. Molecular Autism, 6(1), 22.
  • Gonsiorowski, A., Williamson, R. A., & Robins, D. L. (2016). Brief Report: Imitation of object-directed acts in young children with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46(2), 691-697.
  • Gray, D. E. (2002). Ten years on: A longitudinal study of families of children with autism. Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 27(3), 215-222.
  • Groom, M. J., Kochhar, P., Hamilton, A., Liddle, E. B., Simeou, M., & Hollis, C. (2017). Atypical processing of gaze cues and faces explains comorbidity between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47 (5), 1496-1509.
  • Gürel-Selimoğlu, Ö., Özdemir, S., Töret G., Özkubat, U.(2014). Otizmli çocuğa sahip ebeveynlerin otizm tanılama sürecinde ve tanı sonrasında yaşadıkları deneyimlerine ilişkin görüşlerinin incelenmesi. International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education (INT-JECSE), 5 (2), 129-167.
  • Harms, M., Martin, A., & Wallace, G. L. (2010). Facial emotion recognition in autism spectrum disorders: A review of behavioral and neuro imaging studies. Neuropsychology Review, 20, 290–322.
  • Jiménez, L., Lorda, M. J., & Méndez, C. (2014). Emulation and mimicry in school students with typical development and with high functioning autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 44 (7), 1597-1608.
  • Johnson, S. A., Filliter, J. H., & Murphy, R. R. (2009). Discrepancies between self-and parent-perceptions of autistic traits and empathy in high functioning children and adolescents on the autism spectrum. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39(12), 1706-1714.
  • Kieras, J. E., Tobin, R. M., Graziano, W. G., & Rothbart, M. K. (2005). You can't always get what you want: Effortful control and children's responses to undesirable gifts. Psychological Science, 16(5), 391-396.
  • Klin, A., Jones, W., Schultz, R., Volkmar, F. & Cohen, D. (2002). Visual fixation patterns during wiewing of naturalistic social situations as predictors of social competence in individuals with autism. Archives of General Psychiatry, 59(9), 809–816.
  • Koegel, R.L., & Koegel, L. K. (2006). Pivotal response treatments for autism. London: Paul H. Brookers Publishing.
  • Koegel, R.L., Koegel, L. K., Hurley, J., & Frea W. D. (1992). Improving social skills and disruptive behavior in children with autism through self-management. Journal of Applied Behavior Analyses. 25(2) 341–353.
  • Lagattuta, K. H. (2005). When you shouldn't do what you want to do: Young children's understanding of desires, rules, and emotions. Child Development, 76(3), 713-733.
  • Loukusa, S., Mäkinen, L., Kuusikko‐Gauffin, S., Ebeling, H., & Moilanen, I. (2014). Theory of Mind and emotion recognition skills in children with specific language impairment, autism spectrum disorder and typical development: Group differences and connection to knowledge of grammatical morphology, word‐finding abilities and verbal working memory. International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 49(4), 498-507.
  • Ludlow, A., Skelly, C., & Rohleder, P. (2012). Challenges faced by parents of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Health Psychology, 17(5), 702-711.
  • McPartland, J. C., Webb, S. J., Keehn, B., & Dawson, G. (2011). Patterns of visual attention to faces and objects in autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41 (2), 148-157.
  • Meltzoff, A. N., & Prinz, W. (Eds.). (2002). The imitative mind: Development, evolution and brain bases (Vol. 6). Cambridge University Press.
  • Meral, F. B., & Cavkaytar, A., (2012). A study on social support perceptions of parents who have children with autism. International Journal on New Trends in Education and Their Implications, 3(3) 124- 136.
  • Mercer, L., Creighton, S., Holden, J.J.A., Lewis, & M. E. S., (2006). Parental perspectives on the causes of an autism spectrum disorder in their children. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 15, 41–50.
  • Moses, L. J., Baldwin, D. A., Rosicky, J. G., & Tidball, G. (2001). Evidence for referential understanding in the emotions domain at twelve and eighteen months. Child Development, 72(3), 718-735.
  • Nealy, C. E., O’Hare, L., Powers, J. D., & Swick, D. C. (2012). The impact of autism spectrum disorders on the family: A qualitative study of mothers perspectives. Journal of Family Social Work, 15, 187–201.
  • Oster, H. (2003). Emotion in the infant's face. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1000(1), 197-204.
  • Osterling, J., & Dawson, G. (1994). Early recognition of children with autism: A study of first birthday home videotapes. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 24(3), 247-257.
  • Osterling, J. A., Dawson, G., & Munson, J. A. (2002). Early recognition of 1-year-old infants with autism spectrum disorder versus mental retardation. Development and Psychopathology, 14(2), 239-251.
  • Özdemir, S. (2016) Duygu davranış bozuklukları olan çocuklar. (Doktora ders notları). Gazi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara, Türkiye.
  • Özdemir, S., Gürel-Selimoğlu Ö., Töret, G., Doğan, Y., Karacan, H. (2014). Otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan çocuklar ve normal gelişim gösteren çocukların statik ve hareketli materyallerde yüz işleme becerilerinin karşılaştırılması. 24.Ulusal Özel Eğitim Kongresi.
  • Özdemir, S., Karacan, H., Töret, G., Gürel-Selimoğlu, Ö., Doğan, Y. (2013). Otizmli çocuklar ve normal gelişim gösteren çocukların yüz işleme becerilerinin karşılaştırılması. 23. Ulusal Özel Eğitim Kongresi.Türkiye.
  • Özdemir, S., Karacan H., Töret, G., Gürel-Selimoğlu Ö., Doğan, Y., Suna, H.E., Şenol, A. (2015). Zihin kuramı becerileri öğretiminin otizmli çocukların sosyal yeterlilikleri üzerine etkisi. ( Proje no. SOBAG 112K276). TÜBİTAK, ULAKBİM web sitesinden ulaşılan adres: http://uvt.ulakbim.gov.tr/uvt/index.php?keyword=Ozdemir+Selda.
  • Özdemir, S., Töret, G., Gürel-Selimoğlu, Ö., Doğan, Y., Karacan, H. (2014). 3d animasyon kullanımının otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan çocukların insan yüzüne odaklanmaları üzerine etkileri. 24.Ulusal Özel Eğitim Kongresi. Türkiye.
  • Özen, A., Çolak, A. ve Acar, Ç. (2002). Zihin özürlü çocuğa sahip annelerin günlük yaşamda karşılaştıkları problem davranışlarla ilgili görüşleri. Ankara Üniversitesi Özel Eğitim Dergisi, 3(2), 1-13.
  • Özer, E., Özdemir, S. (2015). Otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan çocuklarda yüz işleme ve göz izleme becerileri. International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education, 7(1), 01-23.
  • Özkubat, U., Özdemir, S., Gürel-Selimoğlu, Ö. ve Töret G. (2014). Otizme yolculuk: Otizmli çocuğa sahip ebeveynlerin sosyal destek algılarına ilişkin görüşleri. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 33(1) 323-348.
  • Palumbo, L., Burnett, H. G., & Jellema, T. (2015). Atypical emotional anticipation in high-functioning autism. Molecular Autism, 6(1), 47. doi 10.1186/s13229-015-0039-7.
  • Pavlova, M. A., Guerreschi, M., Tagliavento, L., Gitti, F., Sokolov, A. N., Fallgatter, A. J., & Fazzi, E. (2017). Social cognition in autism: Face tuning. Scientific Reports, 7. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-02790-1.
  • Pelphrey, K. A., Sasson, N. J., Reznick, S., Paul, G., Goldman, B. D., Pevin, J. (2002). Visual scanning of faces in autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 32(4) 249-261.
  • Peterson, C., Slaughter, V., Moore, C., & Wellman, H. M. (2016). Peer social skills and Theory of Mind in children with autism, deafness, or typical development. Developmental Psychology, 52(1), 46.
  • Reddy, V., Williams, E., & Vaughan, A. (2002). Sharing humour and laughter in autism and down's syndrome. British Journal of Psychology, 93(2), 219-242.
  • Rieffe, C., Terwogt, M. M., & Stockmann, L. (2000). Understanding atypical emotions among children with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 30(3), 195-203.
  • Rutherford, M. D., Baron-Cohen, S., & Wheelwright, S. (2002). Reading the mind in the voice: A study with normal adults and adults with Asperger syndrome and high functioning autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 32(3), 189-194.
  • Samson, A. C., Hardan, A. Y., Lee, I. A., Phillips, J. M., & Gross, J. J. (2015). Maladaptive behavior in autism spectrum disorder: The role of emotion experience and emotion regulation. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45(11), 3424-3432.
  • Samson, A. C., Phillips, J. M., Parker, K. J., Shah, S., Gross, J. J., & Hardan, A. Y., (2013). Emotion dysregulation and the core features of autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 44(7), 1766-1772.
  • Scheeren, M.A., Koot, H. M., Mundy, P.C., Mous L., & Begeer, S., (2013). Empathic responsiveness of children and adolescents with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder. Autism Research, 6 (5), 362- 371.
  • Schulte‐Rüther, M., Otte, E., Adigüzel, K., Firk, C., Herpertz‐Dahlmann, B., Koch, I., & Konrad, K. (2017). Intact mirror mechanisms for automatic facial emotions in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. Autism Research, 10(2), 298-310.
  • Sevlever, M., & Gillis, J. M. (2010). An examination of the state of imitation research in children with autism: Issues of definition and methodology. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 31(5), 976-984.
  • Sprung, M., Münch, H. M., Harris, P. L., Ebesutani, C., & Hofmann, S. G. (2015). Children's emotion understanding: A meta-analysis of training studies. Developmental Review, 37, 41-65.
  • Sucuoğlu, B. (2009). Otizm ve otistik bozukluğu olan çocuklar. İçinde A. Ataman, (Eds.), Özel eğitime giriş (s.391-412). Ankara: Gündüz Eğitim ve Yayıncılık.
  • Thomas, L. A., De Bellis, M. D., Graham, R., & LaBar, K. S. (2007). Development of emotional facial recognition in late childhood and adolescence. Developmental Science, 10(5), 547-558.
  • Töret, G., & Acarlar, F. (2011) Gestures in prelinguistic Turkish children with autism, down syndrome, and typically developing children. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri, 11(3), 1471-1478.
  • Töret, G., Özdemir, S., Gürel-Selimoğlu Ö., Özkubat U. (2014). Otizmli çocuğa sahip olan ebeveynlerin çocuklarının günlük yaşam özellikleri, günlük oyun etkileşimleri, problem davranışlar ve iletişim stillerine ilişkin görüşleri. Ege Eğitim Dergisi, 15(1) 1- 44.
  • Töret, G., Özdemir, S., Gürel-Selimoğlu Ö., ve Özkubat U. (2014) Otizmli çocuğa sahip olan ebeveynlerin görüşleri: Otizm tanımlamaları ve otizmin nedenleri. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Özel Eğitim Dergisi, 15(1) 1-14.
  • Uljarevic, M., & Hamilton, A. (2013). Recognition of emotions in autism: A formal meta-analysis. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43 (7), 1517-1526.Vicari, S., Reilly, J. S., Pasqualetti, P., Vizzotto, A., & Caltagirone, C. (2000). Recognition of facial expressions of emotions in school‐age children: the intersection of perceptual and semantic categories. Acta Paediatrica, 89(7), 836-845.
  • Wellman, H. M., Harris, P. L., Banerjee, M., & Sinclair, A. (1995). Early understanding of emotion: Evidence from natural language. Cognition & Emotion, 9(2-3), 117-149.
  • Yirmiya, N., Erel, O., Shaked, M., & Solomonica-Levi, D. (1998). Meta-analyses comparing Theory of Mind abilities of individuals with autism, individuals with mental retardation, and normally developing individuals. Psychological Bulletin, 124(3):283-307.
  • Zeman, J., Cassano, M., Perry-Parrish, C., & Stegall, S. (2006). Emotion regulation in children and adolescents. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, 27(2), 155-168.
Toplam 71 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Eğitim Üzerine Çalışmalar
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Zahide Töret 0000-0003-2102-9876

Selda Özdemir

Işık Akın Bülbül

Yayımlanma Tarihi 9 Temmuz 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Sayı: 47

Kaynak Göster

APA Töret, Z., Özdemir, S., & Akın Bülbül, I. (2019). Ebeveynlerin Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan Çocuklarının Duygu Temelli Tepkilerine Yönelik Görüşleri. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi(47), 14-35.