Planlanmamış Evde Doğumun Maternal ve Neonatal Sonuçlar Üzerine Etkisi: Sistematik Derleme

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1, 125 - 140, 15.01.2023

Hafize Dağ Tüzmen , Kamile Altuntuğ

https://doi.org/10.46483/deuhfed.928663

Öz

Giriş: Planlanmamış ev doğumlarının maternal ve neonatal sonuçlar üzerinde etkisinin olduğu bilinmektedir.

Amaç: Bu derleme, planlanmamış ev doğumlarının maternal ve fetal sonuçlar üzerine etkisini güncel çalışmalarla gözden geçirmek ve planlanmamış ev doğumlarının olumlu ve olumsuz yönlerini ortaya koymak amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Yöntem: Sistematik derleme niteliğinde olan çalışma, 28 Ağustos- 27 Eylül 2020 tarihlerinde, Türkçe ve
İngilizce dizinler taranarak yapılmıştır. Türk Medline, Sciencedirect, Google Akademik, Pubmed, Cochrane
ve Ulusal Tez Merkezi veri tabanları kullanılarak ‘evde doğum, hastane dışı, hastane dışı doğum, evde
doğum-hastane dışı doğum ve neonatal sonuçlar, evde doğum-hastane dışı doğum ve maternal sonuçlar’ anahtar kelimeleri ile aranmıştır.

Bulgular: Bu sistematik derlemede planlanmamış evde doğumların maternal ve neonatal sonuçları olumsuz etkilediği saptanmıştır. Kadınların; yaş, gebelik sayısı, gebelik haftası, medeni durum ve sosyoekonomik özelliklerinin doğumların hastane dışında gerçekleşme olasılığı üzerinde etkili olduğu, planlanmamış evde doğum yapan kadınlarda daha fazla olumsuz maternal sonuç bildirildiği görülmüştür. Planlanmamış evde doğumlar sonucunda dünyaya gelen yeni doğanların doğum ağırlıklarının düşük olduğu, prematüre olma risklerinin yüksek olduğu, hastanede yatış sürelerinin daha uzun olduğu, klinik komplikasyon görülme oranları ile neonatal morbidite ve mortalite oranlarının daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Planlanmamış evde doğum yapan kadınların yetersiz antenatal bakım aldığı saptanmıştır.

Sonuç: Bu derlemenin sonucunda, kadınların maternal özelliklerinin hastane dışında doğum yapma olasılıklarını etkilediği, planlanmamış evde doğumların olumsuz maternal ve neonatal sonuçların yaşanma riskini artırdığı ve yetersiz antenatal bakım alma ile ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

evde doğum, hastane dışı, hastane dışı doğum, maternal ve neonatal sonuçlar

The Effect of Unplanned Home Birth on Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes: Systematic Review

Öz

Background: It is known that unplanned home births have an impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Objective: This review was made to review the effect of unplanned home births on material and fetal results with current studies and to reveal the positive and negative aspects of unplanned home births.

Methods: The study, which is a systematic review, was conducted between 28 August - 27 September 2020
through scanning Turkish and English indexes. Turk Medline, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, PubMed,
Cochrane and National Thesis Center databases were searched with keywords; ‘home birth, non-hospital,
non-hospital birth, home birth-non-hospital birth and neonatal outcomes, home birth-non-hospital birth and maternal outcomes’ are key searched by words.

Results: In this systematic review, it was determined that unplanned home births adversely affect maternal and neonatal outcomes. It was found women’s age, number of pregnancies, gestational week, marital status and socioeconomic characteristics had an effect on the probability of births outside the hospital, and more adverse maternal outcomes has been reported. It has been determined that newborns born as a result of unplanned home births have low birth weights, a high risk of being premature, a longer hospital stay, higher rates of clinical complications, and higher neonatal morbidity and mortality rates. It has been determined that women who have unplanned home births receive inadequate antenatal care.

Conclusion: As a result of this review, it was found that maternal characteristics of women affect the
probability of giving birth outside the hospital, unplanned home births increase the risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes and are associated with inadequate antenatal care.

Anahtar Kelimeler

home birth, Nonhospital, nonhosbital delivery, maternal and neonatal results

Kaynakça

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