ANALYSIS OF AN INDEPENDENCE STRUGGLE IN NORTH AFRICA: POLISARIO FRONT AND SAHRAWI ARAB DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC (SADR)

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 4, 1321 - 1353, 19.12.2019

Cantürk Caner , Betül Şengül

https://doi.org/10.16953/deusosbil.514255

Cited By: 2

Öz

The problems of the Western Sahara known as the latest
colony of Africant continent still keeps its significance in world public
opinion silently. The region which was annexed by the Spanish and Morocco
during the approximately two centuries is still one of the unsolved
geopolitical questions of the world. The independence of the Western Sahara has
been initiated under the leadership of the Front Polisario as an organized
manner since the 70s. Despite the fact that Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
defined as non-self-governing territory by the United Nations (UN), it was
recognized by many states and became the full member of the African Union as a
concrete success of the Front Polisario. As a matter of fact, the struggle of
the Front Polisario for the sake of the independence is a kind of unique way in
20th century. The developments in Western Sahara cannot be ignorable matter for
the literature of the international relations. In this context, this study
elaborates the matter of independence in the Western Sahara historically and
aims to explain the nation-building strategies of the Front Polisario with its
historical, political, structural and legal dimensions.     

Anahtar Kelimeler

Western Sahara, Independence, Polisario Front, Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, Constitutions

KUZEY AFRİKA’DA BİR BAĞIMSIZLIK MÜCADELESİ ANALİZİ: POLİSARİO CEPHESİ VE SAHRA ARAP DEMOKRATİK CUMHURİYETİ (SADC)

Öz

Bugün Afrika Kıtasının son sömürge coğrafyası olarak
bilinen Batı Sahra sorunu yüzyılı aşkın bir süredir dünya kamuoyundaki yerini
sessizce korumaktadır. Yaklaşık iki yüzyıl boyunca İspanyollar, ardından da Fas
hükümeti tarafından ilhak edilmek istenen bölge, halen dünyanın çözülememiş
jeopolitik sorunlarından birisidir. Batı Sahra’nın bağımsızlığı Polisario
Cephesi liderliğinde yetmişli yıllardan bu yana örgütlü olarak yürütülmektedir.
BM tarafından kendisini idare edemeyen topraklar olarak tanımlanmasına karşın; de
facto biçimde onlarca devlet tarafından tanınan ve Afrika Birliği’nin tam üyesi
olan Sahra Arap Demokratik Cumhuriyeti (SADC), Polisario Cephesinin başarısını gösteren
en somut aşamadır. Polisario Cephesi’nin yürüttüğü bağımsızlık mücadelesi esasen
20. yüzyılda örneğine az rastlanan bir mücadele biçimidir. Ülkemiz gündeminde tam
olarak bilinmemekle birlikte Batı Sahra’da yaşanan gelişmeler, uluslararası
ilişkiler yazını bakımından göz ardı edilmemesi gereken bir konudur. İşte bu
çalışma Batı Sahra’da yaşanan bağımsızlık sorununu tarihsel açıdan ele almakta
ve Polisario Cephesi’nin ulus devlet kurma yolundaki çabalarını siyasal, yapısal
ve hukuksal çerçevelerde, tarihi boyutlarıyla ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Batı Sahra, Bağımsızlık Mücadelesi, Polisario Cephesi, Sahra Arap Demokratik Cumhuriyeti, Anayasa

Kaynakça

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