(IS?) SECOND TRIBEL MIGRATION TO EUROPE: PROBLEMS, OPPORTUNITIES, THREATS, SOLUTIONS

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 4 - Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Uluslararası Konferansı, Göç: Önümüzdeki Yirmi Yılın Projeksiyonu ve Ötesi, 1 - 21, 31.12.2021

Süleyman Dost

https://doi.org/10.16953/deusosbil.1055481

Cited By: 2

Öz

Migration is as old as human history. People can migrate to different places from their country of residence for various reasons. However, the consequences of mass migration movements, which are more than the number a country can tolerate, are much more severe. M.S. The first tribal migration that started after B.C. 350 caused many legal, political, social, cultural, sociological and psychological changes in Europe. In the last century, mass migration movements based on asylum have also been among the most important problems that the whole world and especially Europe have to deal with. EU member states, which have not come to a serious solution to the ongoing mass asylum crisis, have had to face this problem again by trying to find a sustainable solution.
Hundreds of thousands of people from war and internal turmoil, authoritarian regimes or because of poverty especially in the Middle East, South Asia and North Africa or Turkey or on the right passes to the European countries. As is known, a growing asylum-based immigration is actually a common problem in Turkey and Europe. However, the EU and its member states, instead of finding a permanent solution to this problem, especially retard achieving their country's problems through Turkey.
This study is based on the problem of mass migration movements based on asylum. In this context, it is questioned what went wrong by emphasizing the weakness of the asylum mechanisms based on the principles of cooperation, solidarity and fair responsibility sharing. This act of mass asylum in Turkey and draws attention to the opportunities and threats direction in terms of European countries. Turkey, including the problems of asylum in the European approach is focused on can be transformed into an opportunity in the context of shared values and interests.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Migration, asylum, asylum, refugee, solution, opportunity

AVRUPA’YA İKİNCİ KAVİMLER GÖÇÜ (MÜ?): SORUNLAR, FIRSATLAR, TEHDİTLER, ÇÖZÜMLER

Öz

Göç, insanlık tarihi kadar eskidir. İnsanlar çeşitli sebeplerle yaşadığı ülkeden farklı yerlere göç edebilmektedirler. Ancak bir ülkenin tolere edebileceği sayıdan fazla olan kitlesel göç hareketlerinin sonuçları çok daha ağır olmaktadır. M.S. 350 yıllarında başlayan ilk kavimler göçü özellikle Avrupa’da hukuki, siyasi, sosyal, kültürel, sosyolojik ve psikolojik pek çok değişikliğe sebep olmuştur. Son yüzyıl içinde de özellikle sığınma temelli kitlesel göç hareketleri de bütün dünyanın ve özellikle de Avrupa’nın uğraşmak zorunda kaldığı en önemli sorunlar arasında yer almıştır. Devam eden kitlesel sığınma krizine bugüne kadar ciddi bir çözüme yanaşmayan AB üye devletleri, sürdürülebilir bir çözüm bulmaya çalışarak adeta bu sorunla yeniden yüzleşmek zorunda kalmıştır.
Yüz binlerce insan savaş ve iç karışıklıklardan, otoriter rejimlerden veya yoksulluktan dolayı özellikle Orta Doğu, Güney Asya ve Kuzey Afrika’dan ya Türkiye üzerinden veya doğrudan Avrupa ülkelerine geçmektedir. Bilindiği gibi, artan bir sığınmacılık temelli göç olgusu aslında Türkiye ve Avrupa’nın ortak bir sorunudur. Ancak AB ve üye devletler bu soruna kalıcı bir çözüm bulmak yerine özellikle Türkiye üzerinden sorunun kendi ülkelerine ulaşmasını geciktirmişlerdir.
Bu çalışmada, sığınma temelli kitlesel göç hareketleri sorunu temel alınmıştır. Bu kapsamda işbirliği, dayanışma ve adil sorumluluk paylaşımı ilkelerinden hareketle sığınma mekanizmalarının zayıflığını vurgulayarak neyin yanlış gittiği sorgulanmaktadır. İşbu kitlesel sığınma hareketlerinin Türkiye ve Avrupa ülkeleri açısından fırsat ve tehdit yönüne dikkat çekilmektedir. Türkiye dâhil Avrupa sığınma yaklaşımında yaşanan sorunların, ortak değerler ve çıkarlar bağlamında fırsata dönüştürülebileceği üzerinde durulmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Göç, sığınma, iltica, mülteci, çözüm, fırsat

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