THE GOVERNANCE OF MIGRATION AND URBAN WITH MULTILEVEL ACTORS

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 4, 1754 - 1770, 26.12.2022

Şeyma Karameşe

https://doi.org/10.16953/deusosbil.1192614

Öz

Cities are centres of attraction where the population increases rapidly through migration. The urban context, in which social differences and cultural change are addressed, is not independent of governance discussions. It is undeniable that cities, being diverse entities, cannot be handled with a unified governmental strategy. In this respect, the host country's urban policymaking, which incorporates immigrants, introduces multilevel governance. To comprehend this, the factors that create the multiple migration governance from a sociological viewpoint will be reviewed first, followed by an in-depth examination of the numerous aspects of this management form. The challenges generated by the present theoretical framework will be reviewed in the last section, which is the most significant difference and contribution of the study. This part opens space to further researches and questions to clarify urban governance and migration. The role of civil society and NGOs, as well as city diplomacy and independence from central authority, will be highlighted.As a result, the study presents the findings that multiple actors have active functions not only at the national level but also at the international level.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Multilevel Governance, Migration, Urban, City Diplomacy, NGOs.

KENT VE GÖÇÜN ÇOKLU AKTÖRLERLE YÖNETİŞİMİ

Öz

Kentler, göç yoluyla nüfusun hızla arttığı cazibe merkezleri haline gelmektedir. Toplumsal farklılıkların ve kültürel değişimin ele alındığı kentsel bağlam, nasıl yönetileceği tartışmalarından bağımsız değildir. Farklılıkların ve değişkenliğin mekânı olan şehirlerin tek yönlü bir yönetişim anlayışıyla ele alınamayacağı açıktır ve bir sorun olarak halihazirda tartışılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, ev sahibi ülkenin yerel halkı ile beraber göçmenlerini de içine alan kentsel politika süreci çok katmanlı bir bakış açısını zorunlu kılmaktadır. Bu makalede öncelikle sosyolojik bir bakış açısıyla çoklu göç yönetimini gerektiren faktörler gözden geçirilecek, ardından bu yönetim biçiminin çeşitli yönleri derinlemesine incelenecektir. Çalışmanın en önemli farkı ve katkısı olan son bölümde ise mevcut teorik çerçeve olarak ele alınınan çok aktörlü şehir yönetiminin yarattığı zorluklar gözden geçirilecek ve kent/göç çalışmalarında hangi yönlerin irdelenmesi gerektiği açıklanacaktır. Bu inceleme çok boyutlu şehir yönetiminin katkılarına ek olarak, üreteceği olası problemleri ele alarak gelecekteki çalışmalara katkıda bulunur. Bu noktada, şehir diplomasisinin etki alanı, merkezi otoriteden bağımsızlığın etkileri ve nihayetinde sivil toplum kuruluşlarının şehir yönetimindeki rolleri vurgulanacaktır. Sonuç olarak çalışma çoklu aktörlerin sadece ulusal düzeyde değil uluslararası düzeyde de aktif fonksiyonları olduğunu bulgu alarak sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çok Boyutlu Yönetişim, Göç, Kent, Şehir Diplomasisi, Sivil Toplum Kuruluşları.

Kaynakça

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