Elektrik Akımının Patates (Solanum tuberosum L.) Yumru Dormansisi Üzerine Etkisinin Araştırılması

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 9 - 18, 15.06.2018

Yusuf Ersalı , Peyami Battal

Öz

Bu çalışmada patates
(Solanum tuberosum L.) yumrularına farklı gerilimlerde (10 volt, 20 volt) ve
iki yönlü (yerçekimine paralel (↓)
ve yerçekimine zıt (↑)
yönde) doğru akım (DA) uygulanmıştır. DA 15 gün (24 saat) boyunca ekimin yapıldığı ortamlarda yumrulara
tatbik edilmiştir. DA’nın patates dormansisine
etkilerini belirlemek amacı ile patates
yumrularının hormon (giberellik asit ve absisik asit) ve şeker
(glikoz, fruktoz ve sukroz) değerleri ölçülmüştür.
Hormon
ve şeker analizleri için Yüksek Performanslı Sıvı
Kromatografisi (HPLC) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Gerilim
ve akım yönüne bağlı olarak
bitkilerin hormon ve şeker değerlerinin farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. DA’nın verildiği patates yumrularının
hiç birinde filizlenme olmamıştır. GA
seviyesi 20 v (↑) uygulamasında en yüksek, ABA nın ise kontrol grubunda en
düşük olduğu görülmüştür. Glikoz fruktoz
ve sukroz seviyelerinin 10 v (↑) uygulamasında en
yüksek değerde olduğu tespit
edilmiştir. Yer çekimine parallel
uygulamalarda gerilim artışının glikoz fruktoz ve
sukroz miktarını azalttığı ortaya konmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dormansi, Doğru akım, GA, Yumru

Kaynakça

• Alexopoulos A.A, Akoumianakis A.K, Vemmos S.M and Passum H.C. (2006). The effect of postharvest application of gibberellic acid and benzyl adenine on duration of dormancy of potato produced by plant grown from true potato seeds. Post Harvest Biology and Technology. 46(1), 54-62.
• Banowetz, G. M., (1994). Immunoanalysis of Cytokinins. Cytokinins. (Editors: Mok, D. W. S., Mok, M. C.) CRC Press, London. 305-315.
• Battal, P., Tileklioğlu, B., (2001). The ffects of different mineral nutrients on the levels of cytokinins in Maize (Zea mays L.). Turk. J. Bot., 25, 123-130.
• Brenner, M. L., (1981). Modern methods for plant gowth substance analysis. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol., 32, 511-538.
• Burton, W. G., (1989). The potato. Essex, 470-504
• Chamberlain, J., (1995). The Analysis of Drugs in Biological Fluids (Second Edition). CRC Press, New York. 139-145.
• Cheik, N., Jonmes, R. J., 1994. Distruption of maize kernel growth and development by heat stress. Plant Physiol. 106, 45-51.
• Chen, W. S., (1991). Changes in cytokinins before and during early flower bud differentitation in lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn.). Plant Physiol. 96, 1203-1206.
• Chen, W. S., (1991). Changes in cytokinins before and during early flower bud differentitation in lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn.). Plant Physiol, 96, 1203-1206.Claassens, M.M.J. and Vreugdenhil, D. (2000). Is Dormancy Breaking of Potato Tubers the Reverse of Tuber Initiation? Potato Res., 43, 347–369.
• Coleman W.K., Donnelly D.J and Coleman S. (2001). Potato microtubers as research tool. American Journal of Potato Research. 78, 47-55.
• Cutting, J. G., M., (1991). Determination of the cytokinin complement in healthy and witchesbroom malformed protease. J. Plant Growth Regul. 10, 85-89.Davies, P. J., (1995). The plant hormones; Their nature, occurence and functions. Plant Hormones (Editor: Davies P.J.) Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston. 1-39.
• Edelman, J., Jefford, T. C., Singh, S. P., (1969). Studies on biochemical basis of physiological processes in potato tuber. Planta 84, 48-56.
• Featonby-Smith , B. C., Van Staden, J., (1984). Identification and seasonal variation of endogenous cytokinins in Ecklonia maxima (Osbeck) Papenf. Botanica Marina 27, 527-531.
• Hansen, C. E., Venzler, H., Meins, F., (1984). Concentration gradient of trans-zeatin riboside and trans-zeatin in the maize stem. Plant Physiol., 75, 959-963.
• Hernandez-Minea, F. M., (1991). Identification of cytokinins and the changes in their endogenous levels in developing Citrus sinensis leaves. Journal of Horticultural Science. 66, 505-511.
• Horgan, R., (1988). Hormone Analysis, In: Plant Hormones. (Editor: Davies, J. D.) Kluwer Academic Publishers, London, 415-419.
• Horgan, R., Kramers, M. R., (1979). High-performance liquid chromatogaphy of cytokinins. Journal of Chromatopraphy, 173, 263-270.
• Horgan, R., Kramers, M. R., (1979). High-performance liquid chromatogaphy of cytokinins. Journal of Chromatopraphy. 173, 263-270.
• Kocaçalışkan, İ. (1986). Patateste yumru gelişim sürecine bağlı olarak bitki hormonlarının polifenol oksidaz enzimi ve enzimatik kararma üzerine etkileri. Doktora Tezi.
• Kocaçalışkan, İ., (1990). Effectiveness of electrical currentsin breaking potato tuber dormancy coped with other methods. Journal of horticultural science. 65 (6), 683-687.Koshimizo, K., Iwamura, H., (1986). Cytokinins. Chemistry of Plant Hormones, (Editor: Takahashi, N.), CRC Press Inc., Florida. 154-199.
• Kovac, M., Zel, J., (1994). The effect of aliminium on the cytokinins in the mycelia of Lactarius piperatus. Planta Sicience. 97,137-142.
• Kuraishi, S., Tasaki, K., Sakurai, N., Sadatoku, K., (1991). Changes in levels of cytokinins in etiolated squash seedlings after illumination. Plant Cell Phsiol., 32 , 585-591.
• Ludford, P.M. (1995). Postharvest hormone changes in vegetables and fruit. In: Davıes, P. J. (ed.): Plant hormones. Physiology, bio­ chemistry and molecular biology, pp. 725-750. Kluwer Aca­demic Publisher, Dordrecht
• Machackova, I., Krekule, J., Eder, J., Seidlova, F., Strnad, M., (1993). Cytokinins in photoperiodic induction of flowering in Chenopodium species. Physiologia Plantarum, 87, 160-166.
• Mikitzel L.J and Fuller N. (1995). Dry Gibberellic Acid Combined With Talc or Fir Bark Enhances Early Stem and Tuber Growth of Shepody Potato. American Potato Journal, 72, 545-550.
• Money, P. A., Staden, J. V., (1984). Seasonal changes in the levels of endogenous cytokinins in Sargassum heterophyllum (Phaeophyceae). Botanica Marina, 17, 437-442.
• Morris, J. W., Doumas, P., Morris, R., Zaer, J. B., (1990). Cytokinins in vegetative and reproductive buds of Pseudotsuga menziesii. Plant Physiol. 9, 67-71.
• Novak, J., (1977). Biochemical changes in stored potato tubers with different rest periods. II İnfluence of storage temperature and isopropyl phenylcarbomates on enzime activities. Pflanzenphysiol, 81, 125-140.
• Palni, L., Susmons, M. S., Letham, D. S., (1983). Mass spectro analysis of cytokinins in plant tissues. Plant Physiol., 7, 858-863.Palni, L., Susmons, M. S., Letham, D. S., (1983). Mass spectro analysis of cytokinins in plant tissues. Plant Physiol. 7, 858-863.
• Qamarudddin, M., (1996). Apperance of the zeatin riboside type of cytokinin in Pinus sylvestris seeds after red light treatment. Scand. J. For. Res. 6, 41-46.Qamaruddin, M., Dormling, I., Eliasson, L., (1990). Increase in cytokinin levels in scots pine in relation to chilling and bud burst. Physiologia Plantarum, 79, 236-241.
• Roberts, J. A., Hooley, R., (1988). Plant Growth Regulators. Blackie, London. 1-8.
• Robyt, J. F., White, B. J., (l990). Biochemical Techniques Theory and Practica. Waweland Press, Inc. 101-103.
• Shibairo S.I., Demo P, Kabira J.N., Gildemacher P, Gachago E, Menza M, Nyankanga RO, Cheminingwa GN and Narla R.D. (2006). Effects of gibberellic acid (GA3) on sprouting and quality of potato seed tubers in diffuse light and pit storage conditions. Journal of Biological Sciences. 6(4),723-733.
• Soejima, H., Sugiyama, T., Ishihara, K., (1992). Changes in cytokinin activities and mass spectrometric analysis of cytokinins in root exudates of rice plant (Oryza sativa L.). Plant Physiol., 94, 1724-1729.
• Sonnewald, U., 2001. Control of potato tuber sprouting .Plant Science 6, .8-18
• Sukhova, L.S, Machackova I, Eder J, Bibik N.D and Kovableva NP. (1993). Changes in levels of free 1AA and cytokinins in potato tubers during dormancy and sprouting. Biol Plant, 35, 387-391.Suttle J.C. (2004). Involvement of endogenous gibberellins in potato tuber dormancy and early sprout growth: A critical evaluation. Journal of Plant Physiology, 161,157-164Suttle, J.C. (1995). Postharvest changes in endogenous ABA levels and ABA metabolism in relation to dormancy in potato tubers. Physiol. Plant., 95, 233-240
• Taylor, J. S., Thompson, B., Pate, S. J., Atkins, C. A., Pharis, R. P., (1990). Cytokinins in the phloem sap of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.). Plant Physiol., 94, 1714-1720.
• Turnbull, C. G. N., Hanke, D. E., (1985). The control of bud dormancy in potato tubers measurement of the seasonal pattern of changing concentration of zeatin. Planta, 165, 366-376.
• Veramendi, J., Willmitzer, L., Trethewey, R. N., (1999). In vitro grown potato microtubers are a suitable system for the study of primary carbohydrate metabolism. Plant Physiol Biochem 37, 693-697Xu, R. Y., Yoshiji, N., Han, D., (2006). Changes in endogenous absisic acid and solluble sugars levels durin dormancy-release in bulbs of Lilium rubellum. Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi Niigata 950-2181, Japan