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Green Modernism: Uprooted Humans, Nature, and Eco-Intimacy in Lady Chatterley’s Lover

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 26, 111 - 134, 21.10.2022
https://doi.org/10.30767/diledeara.1140687

Öz

The processes of modernization, industrialization and the Great War at the beginning of the twentieth century so terribly ruined environments and affected humans. Thus something natural and humane was lost at that period. Such human disenchantment from nature is, broadly speaking, at the heart of what Jeffrey Mathes McCarthy calls “green modernism.” Green modernism investigates how anthropocentric practices have led to the dualism of human and nature in the modernist literature. Regarded as part of green modernism, D. H. Lawrence narrates the ways in which the mechanized industry attempts to subjugate nature and humans in Lady Chatterley’s Lover (1928). Indeed, Lawrence does not repudiate the Cartesian boundary between nature and humans. Instead, he acknowledges that although human bodies are “uprooted” by industrialization, they are intimately interconnected with nonhuman environments. On this view, the article argues that Lady Chatterley’s Lover puts forward to a green modernist idea that human bodies and selves become part of the natural world, and the lost connection with green nature might only be re-discovered by social and sexual rejuvenation. Highlighting human ecological embeddedness, D. H. Lawrence exemplifies the realization of human relation to green nature in the relationship between the main characters Connie and Mellors. Drawing on ecocritical discussions and Lawrence’s insights into sexuality, this study explores the human-nature relationship and ecological intimacy in Lady Chatterley’s Lover.

Kaynakça

  • Becket, F. (2006). “The Law and the Profits: the Case of D.H. Lawrence’s Lady Chatterley’s Lover”. J. Morrison and S. Watkins, Eds. In Scandalous Fictions: The Twentieth-Century Novel in the Public Sphere (pp. 70-82). Hampshire: Palgrave.
  • Bell, M. (2003). “Nietzscheanism: ‘The Superman and the all-too-human’”. D. Bradshaw, Ed. In A Concise Companion to Modernism (pp. 56-74). Malden, Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Bowen, E. (1992). “D.H. Lawrence”. D. Ellis and O. De Zordo, Eds. In D.H. Lawrence: Critical Assessments. Vol.4. Sussex: Helm Information.
  • Bradbury, M. (1973). Possibilities. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Buckley, W. K. (1993). Lady Chatterley’s Lover: Loss and Hope. New York: Twayne Press.
  • Buell, L. (2001). Writing for an Endangered World: Literature, Culture, and Environment in the U. S. and Beyond. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Byrant, L. R. (2013). “Black”. J. J. Cohen, Ed. In Prismatic Ecology: Ecotheory beyond Green (pp. 290-310). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Cusk, R. (2011, March 19). “Rereading”. The Review Supplement, The Guardian, p. 19.
  • Freud, S. (1989). Civilization and its Discontents. New York: WW Norton.
  • Harrison, K. (2001). Introduction. Lady Chatterley’s Lover. By D. H. Lawrence. New York: Modern Library.
  • Lawrence, D. H. (1983). Lady Chatterley’s Lover. Unexpurgated 1928 Orioli ed. New York: Bantam.
  • ----. (2004). Late Essays and Articles: D. H. Lawrence. J. T. Boulton, Ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • ----. (2007). “To A. D. Mcleod, 2 June 1914”. V. Kolocotroni, J. Goldman and O. Taxidou, Eds. In Modernism: An Anthology of Sources and Documents (pp. 405-410). Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • ----. (2007). “To Edward Garnett, 5 June 1914”. V. Kolocotroni, J. Goldman and O. Taxidou, Eds. In Modernism: An Anthology of Sources and Documents (pp. 405-410). Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • ----. (2008). “Remembering Pan”. L. Coupe, Ed. In The Green Studies Reader: From Romanticism to Ecocriticism (pp. 70-72). London: Routledge.
  • Leavis, F. R. (1992). “Mr Eliot and Lawrence”. D. Ellis and O. De Zordo, Eds. In D.H. Lawrence: Critical Assessments. Vol.4. Sussex: Helm Information.
  • Marsh, N. (2000). D. H. Lawrence: The Novels. New York: St. Martin Press.
  • McCarthy, J. M. (2015). Green Modernism: Nature and the English Novel, 1900 to 1930. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Nin, A. (1964). D. H. Lawrence: An Unprofessional Study. Chicago: Swallow Press.
  • Pinion, F. B. (1985). A D. H. Lawrence Companion. London: Macmillan.
  • Pinkney, T. (1990). D. H. Lawrence. New York: Harvester, Wheatsheaf.
  • Resina, J. (1992). “The Word and the Deed in Lady Chatterley’s Lover”. D. Ellis, Ed. In D.H. Lawrence: CriticalAssessments. Vol.3. Sussex: Helm Information.
  • Swatridge, C. (1985). British Fiction: A Student’s A-Z. London: Macmillan.
  • Walker, R. G. (2001). “D. H. Lawrence”. C. Rollyson, Ed. In Notable British Novelists. Vol.2. California: Salem Press.
  • Williams, R. (1960). Culture and Society: 1780-1950. New York: Anchor Books.

Yeşil Modernizm: Lady Chatterley’in Aşığı Adlı Romanda Kökünden Koparılmış İnsanlar, Doğa ve Ekolojik Yakınlık

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 26, 111 - 134, 21.10.2022
https://doi.org/10.30767/diledeara.1140687

Öz

Yirminci yüzyılın başındaki modernleşme, sanayileşme ve Büyük Savaş süreçleri, korkunç derecede çevreleri mahvetmiş ve insanları etkilemiştir. Dolayısıyla o dönemde doğal ve insani olan kaybedilmiştir. Jeffrey Mathes McCarthy’nin “yeşil modernizm” olarak adlandırdığı durumun merkezinde genel olarak insanın doğayla olan bağlantısını yitirmesi yer almaktadır. Yeşil modernizm, modernist edebiyatta insanmerkezci uygulamaların insan ve doğa ikiliğine nasıl yol açtığını araştırmaktadır. Yeşil modernizmin bir parçası olarak kabul edilen D. H. Lawrence, Lady Chatterley’in Aşığı (1928) adlı romanda mekanikleşmiş endüstrinin doğayı ve insanları nasıl kontrol altına almaya çalıştığını anlatmaktadır. Aslında Lawrence, doğa ile insanlar arasındaki Kartezyen sınırı reddetmemektedir. Aksine Lawrence, insan bedenleri sanayileşme tarafından “köklerinden sökülmesine” rağmen bedenlerin insan-olmayan çevrelerle yakından bağlantılı olduğunu kabul etmektedir. Bu açıdan bu makale, Lady Chatterley’in Aşığı adlı romanın, insan bedenlerinin ve benliklerinin doğal dünyanın bir parçası olduğu ve yeşil doğayla olan yitik bağlantının ancak sosyal ve cinsel yenileşmeyle yeniden keşfedilebileceği yönünde yeşil modernist bir fikri öne sürdüğünü tartışmaktadır. İnsanın ekolojik olarak doğaya gömülü olduğunu vurgulayan D. H. Lawrence, insanın yeşil doğayla ilişkisinin gerçekleştirilmesini ana karakterler Connie ve Mellors arasındaki ilişki örneğiyle göstermektedir. Ekoeleştirel tartışmalardan ve Lawrence’ın cinselliğe ilişkin kavrayışlarından yararlanan bu çalışma, Lady Chatterley’in Aşığı adlı romanda insan-doğa ilişkisini ve ekolojik yakınlığı incelemektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Becket, F. (2006). “The Law and the Profits: the Case of D.H. Lawrence’s Lady Chatterley’s Lover”. J. Morrison and S. Watkins, Eds. In Scandalous Fictions: The Twentieth-Century Novel in the Public Sphere (pp. 70-82). Hampshire: Palgrave.
  • Bell, M. (2003). “Nietzscheanism: ‘The Superman and the all-too-human’”. D. Bradshaw, Ed. In A Concise Companion to Modernism (pp. 56-74). Malden, Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Bowen, E. (1992). “D.H. Lawrence”. D. Ellis and O. De Zordo, Eds. In D.H. Lawrence: Critical Assessments. Vol.4. Sussex: Helm Information.
  • Bradbury, M. (1973). Possibilities. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Buckley, W. K. (1993). Lady Chatterley’s Lover: Loss and Hope. New York: Twayne Press.
  • Buell, L. (2001). Writing for an Endangered World: Literature, Culture, and Environment in the U. S. and Beyond. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Byrant, L. R. (2013). “Black”. J. J. Cohen, Ed. In Prismatic Ecology: Ecotheory beyond Green (pp. 290-310). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Cusk, R. (2011, March 19). “Rereading”. The Review Supplement, The Guardian, p. 19.
  • Freud, S. (1989). Civilization and its Discontents. New York: WW Norton.
  • Harrison, K. (2001). Introduction. Lady Chatterley’s Lover. By D. H. Lawrence. New York: Modern Library.
  • Lawrence, D. H. (1983). Lady Chatterley’s Lover. Unexpurgated 1928 Orioli ed. New York: Bantam.
  • ----. (2004). Late Essays and Articles: D. H. Lawrence. J. T. Boulton, Ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • ----. (2007). “To A. D. Mcleod, 2 June 1914”. V. Kolocotroni, J. Goldman and O. Taxidou, Eds. In Modernism: An Anthology of Sources and Documents (pp. 405-410). Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • ----. (2007). “To Edward Garnett, 5 June 1914”. V. Kolocotroni, J. Goldman and O. Taxidou, Eds. In Modernism: An Anthology of Sources and Documents (pp. 405-410). Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • ----. (2008). “Remembering Pan”. L. Coupe, Ed. In The Green Studies Reader: From Romanticism to Ecocriticism (pp. 70-72). London: Routledge.
  • Leavis, F. R. (1992). “Mr Eliot and Lawrence”. D. Ellis and O. De Zordo, Eds. In D.H. Lawrence: Critical Assessments. Vol.4. Sussex: Helm Information.
  • Marsh, N. (2000). D. H. Lawrence: The Novels. New York: St. Martin Press.
  • McCarthy, J. M. (2015). Green Modernism: Nature and the English Novel, 1900 to 1930. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Nin, A. (1964). D. H. Lawrence: An Unprofessional Study. Chicago: Swallow Press.
  • Pinion, F. B. (1985). A D. H. Lawrence Companion. London: Macmillan.
  • Pinkney, T. (1990). D. H. Lawrence. New York: Harvester, Wheatsheaf.
  • Resina, J. (1992). “The Word and the Deed in Lady Chatterley’s Lover”. D. Ellis, Ed. In D.H. Lawrence: CriticalAssessments. Vol.3. Sussex: Helm Information.
  • Swatridge, C. (1985). British Fiction: A Student’s A-Z. London: Macmillan.
  • Walker, R. G. (2001). “D. H. Lawrence”. C. Rollyson, Ed. In Notable British Novelists. Vol.2. California: Salem Press.
  • Williams, R. (1960). Culture and Society: 1780-1950. New York: Anchor Books.
Toplam 25 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm MAKALELER
Yazarlar

Kerim Can Yazgünoğlu 0000-0002-5745-6717

Yayımlanma Tarihi 21 Ekim 2022
Kabul Tarihi 20 Eylül 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Sayı: 26

Kaynak Göster

APA Yazgünoğlu, K. C. (2022). Green Modernism: Uprooted Humans, Nature, and Eco-Intimacy in Lady Chatterley’s Lover. Dil Ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları(26), 111-134. https://doi.org/10.30767/diledeara.1140687

Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi Creative Commons Atıf-GayrıTicari-Türetilemez 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) ile lisanslanmıştır.