What it is and what it isn’t: Introducing… Cultural Studies

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 21, 81 - 100, 19.01.2023

Çevirmen: Özgür Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.26650/4boyut.2022.1221445

Öz

This article addresses the work authored by Toby Miller, a renowned social scientist and cultural studies academic. Miller’s work can be read as a genealogy of Cultural Studies and an attempt to map cultural studies. Miller started his work by stating how cultural studies have been fed from many different disciplines and relate to many different fields such as anthropology, sociology, economics, media and communication studies, and history. The first part of Miller’s work men-tions the phenomenon of interdisciplinarity other disciplines have brought to and nurtured Cultural Studies with. Likewise, the article discusses the dynamics that have affected cultural studies during its birth. These dynamics can be seen as the subculture and counterculture movements of their era, such as the punk, Rastafari, and Teddy Boys movements that fell outside of the domi-nant culture. The paper will then discuss the tense relationship between the critique of political economy and cultural studies, which is based on the distinctions between their origins. While these two currents have converged with each other in places, they diverge in others. The second part of Miller’s work presents the ideas of the pioneers of cultural studies such as Richard Hog-gart and Raymond Williams. This section showed the emergence of the important ideas that de-termine the relations between political economy and Cultural Studies and how the ideas of prede-cessors such as Hoggart and Williams had been significantly influenced by Marxism. The third part of Miller’s work discusses the concepts of cultural studies alongside a comparative analysis. This comparison provides descriptive data regarding what cultural studies are and are not. Miller ends the article by explaining his own approach toward cultural studies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cultural studies, Culture, Subculture, Political economy, Interdisciplinarity

Nedir ve ne değildir: Giriş… Kültürel Çalışmalar

Öz

Çalışma, ünlü bir sosyal bilimci ve kültürel çalışmacı olan Toby Miller tarafından kaleme alınmış olup Kültürel Çalışmalar’ın bir soykütüğü olarak okunabilir. Yazarın yaptığı Kültürel Çalışmalar’ı haritalama girişimidir. Miller, çalışmasına Kültürel Çalışmalar’ın birçok farklı disiplinden beslen-diğini belirterek başlamıştır. Kültürel Çalışmalar, antropoloji, sosyoloji, ekonomi, medya ve ileti-şim çalışmaları ve tarih gibi birçok farklı alanla ilişki halindedir. Çalışmanın ilk bölümünde Kül-türel Çalışmalar’ın beslendiği diğer disiplinlerin getirdiği disiplinlerarasılık olgusuna değinilmek-tedir. Aynı şekilde Kültürel Çalışmalar’ın doğduğu süreçte onu etkileyen dinamikler ele alınmış-tır. Bu dinamikler, kendi döneminin alt kültür ve karşı kültür hareketleri olarak görülebilir. Bu hareketler baskın kültürün dışında kalan punk, Rastafari ve Teddy Boys gibi akımlardır. Çalışma bunun ardından, eleştirel ekonomi politik ve Kültürel Çalışmalar arasındaki gerilimli ilişkiyi tar-tışmaktadır. Eleştirel ekonomi politik ve Kültürel Çalışmalar arasındaki ilişki kökenleri arasında-ki ayrımlara dayanmakta; bu iki akım yer yer birbirleri ile yakınlaşmaktayken, yer yer uzaklaşmaktadır. Miller’ın çalışmasının ikinci bölümünde Kültürel Çalışmalar’ın Richard Hoggart ve Raymond Williams gibi öncülerinin düşünceleri serimlenmiştir. Bu bölümde ekonomi politik ve Kültürel Çalışmalar arasındaki ilişkileri belirleyen önemli düşünceler ortaya çıkmaktadır: Hoggart ve Williams gibi öncüllerin düşüncelerinin Marksizm’den önemli oranda etkilendiği görülmekte-dir. Eserin üçüncü bölümünde ise Kültürel Çalışmalar’ın birlikte tartışıldığı kavramların karşılaş-tırmalı incelemesi yer almaktadır. Bu karşılaştırma Kültürel Çalışmalar’ın ne olup ne olmadığına ilişkin tanımsal bir veri sunmaktadır. Makale, yazarın Kültürel Çalışmalar’a kendi yaklaşımını açıklamasıyla sona ermektedir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kültürel Çalışmalar, kültür, alt kültür, ekonomi politik, disiplinlerarasılık

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