A BIBLIOMETRIC LITERATURE REVIEW ON SMART PORTS

Yıl 2022, , 15 - 31, 30.07.2022

Özlem Sanrı

https://doi.org/10.31671/doujournal.1057815

Öz

Maritime transportation is one of the preferred transportation mode in the supply chain due to its advantages such as high transportation volume and low cost. Thus, more than 90 percent of the goods subject to international trade are transported by sea. Ports, on the other hand, act as a bridge between maritime and other transportation modes as one of the important connection points of the supply chain. On the other hand, it contributes to the development of the national economy and competitiveness. Ports, which combine many complex and dynamic activities such as cargo handling, storage, repair and maintenance, and rescue activities, are also facilities that offer value-added services. In the literature, ports have been evaluated as a cargo handling port until the 1960s, as an industrial port until the 1980s, as a logistics/supply chain port after the 1980s, and as a smart port after the 2010s. Therefore, ports need digital transformation in accordance with today's conditions in order to provide integrated services to other stakeholders in the supply chain in intense competition. In this study, it is aimed to examine the studies in the literature on the smart port, which is a current issue, to better understand the development in this field and to inform the researchers. The Web of Science and Scopus databases, which include scientific journals with high impact around the world, were used and 86 studies were reached. As a result of the elimination of studies with various criterias, bibliometric analysis was applied to 19 articles. The findings showed that the concept is new in the literature, the keyword "smart port" is used the most, and China is the leading country contributing to the field. It is thought that this study will open new horizons for researchers on smart ports.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Port, Smart Port, Bibliometric Analysis

AKILLI LİMANLAR ÜZERİNE BİBLİYOMETRİK BİR LİTERATÜR ARAŞTIRMASI

Öz

Denizyolu taşımacılığı, yüksek taşıma hacmi ve düşük maliyet gibi avantajlarından ötürü tedarik zincirinde tercih edilen taşıma türlerindendir. Bu sebeple uluslararası ticarete konu olan malların yaklaşık yüzde 90’dan fazlası denizyolu ile taşınmaktadır. Limanlar ise tedarik zincirinin önemli bağlantı noktalarından biri olarak denizyolu ve diğer taşımacılık türleri arasında köprü görevi görmektedir. Diğer taraftan ulusal ekonominin ve rekabetçiliğin gelişmesine katkı sağlamaktadır. Yük elleçleme, depolama, tamir ve bakım, kurtarma faaliyetleri gibi birçok karmaşık ve dinamik faaliyeti bir araya getiren limanlar aynı zamanda, katma değerli hizmetler sunan tesislerdir. Literatürde limanlar, 1960’lı yıllara kadar yük elleçleme limanı, 1980’lere kadar endüstriyel liman, 1980’ler sonrası lojistik/tedarik zinciri limanı, 2010’lardan sonra ise akıllı liman olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Dolayısıyla, yoğun rekabet içerisinde limanların tedarik zincirindeki diğer paydaşlara bütünleşmiş hizmetler verebilmesi için günümüz koşullarına uygun olarak dijital dönüşüme ihtiyacı bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, güncel bir konu olan akıllı limana ilişkin literatürdeki çalışmaları incelemek, bu alandaki gelişimi daha iyi anlamak ve gelinen son durum hakkında araştırmacılara bilgi vermek amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmada Dünya çapında etki değeri yüksek bilimsel dergileri kapsayan Web of Science ve Scopus veri tabanı kullanılmış ve 86 çalışmaya ulaşılmıştır. Çeşitli kriterlerle çalışmaların elenmesi sonucu 19 adet makaleye bibliyometrik analiz uygulanmıştır. Bulgular, kavramın literatürde yeni olduğu, en fazla “akıllı liman” anahtar kelimesinin kullanıldığı, Çin’in alana katkı veren öncü ülke olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu çalışmanın, akıllı liman üzerine araştırmacılara yeni ufuklar açacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Liman, Akıllı liman, Bibliyometrik analiz

Kaynakça

• Akgül, E. F., ve Gençer, H. (2017). Akıllı liman: fırsatlar, tehditler. 3. Ulusal Liman Kongresi. http:// dx.doi.org/10.18872/DEU.df.ULK.2017.001
• Balık, İ., Aydın, S. Z., ve Bitiktaş, F. (2019). Limanlarda dijitalleşme: çevrim içi medyadan yansımalar. IV. Ulusal Liman Kongresi “Küresel Eğilimler-Yerel Stratejiler.” http:// dx.doi.org/10.18872/0.2019.0
• Barreto, L., Amaral, A., ve Pereira, T. (2017). Industry 4.0 implications in logistics: an overview. Procedia Manufacturing, 13, 1245–1252.
• Berns, S., Vonck, I., Dickson, R., Dragt, J. (2017). Smart ports. Point of view. The Netherlands: Deloitte Port Services. Erişim adresi https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/nl/Documents/energy-resources/deloitte-nl-er-port-services-smart-ports.pdf
• Bessid, S., Zouari, A., Frikha, A., ve Benabdelhafid, A. (2020). Smart ports design features analysis: a systematic literature review. Paper presented in 13ème Conference Internatıonale de Modelisatıon, Optimısation et Simulation (MOSIM2020). https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03177580
• Binbaşıoğlu, H. (2020). Akıllı turizm üzerine bibliyometrik bir literatür taraması. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 8(4), 2825- 2847.
• Bracke, V., Sebrechts, M., Moons, B., Hoebeke, J., De Turck, F., ve Volckaert, B. (2021). Design and evaluation of a scalable ınternet of things backend for smart ports. Software: Practice and Experience, 51(7), 1557-1579.
• Broadus, R. (1987). Toward a definition of “bibliometrics”. Scientometrics, 12(5–6), 373–379.
• Botti, A., Monda, A., Pellicano, M., ve Torre, C. (2017). The re-conceptualization of the port supply chain as a smart port service system: the case of the Port of Salerno. Systems, 5(35), 1-10.
• Bukova, B., Brumercikova, E., Cerna, L., ve Drozdziel, P. (2018). The position of ındustry 4.0 in the worldwide logistics chains. LOGI–Scientific Journal on Transport and Logistics, 9(1), 18-23.
• Cahit Arf Bilgi Merkezi. (t.y.). Bibliyometrik analiz sıkça sorulan sorular. Erişim adresi https://cabim.ulakbim.gov.tr/bibliyometrik-analiz/bibliyometrik-analiz-sikca-sorulan-sorular/
• Chen, J., Huang, T., Xie, X., Lee, P. T. W., ve Hua, C. (2019). Constructing governance framework of a green and smart port. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 7(4), 83.
• Çalışkan, A. (2020). Akıllı liman dönüşümünde zorlukların yorumlayıcı yapısal modelleme ile değerlendirilmesi. Beykoz Akademi Dergisi, 8(1), 305-320.
• de la Peña Zarzuelo, I., Soeane, M. J. F., ve Bermúdez, B. L. (2020). Industry 4.0 in the port and maritime industry: A literature review. Journal of Industrial Information Integration, 100173.
• de la Peña Zarzuelo, I. (2021). Cybersecurity in ports and maritime industry: Reasons for raising awareness on this issue. Transport Policy, 100, 1-4.
• Douaioui, K., Fri, M., ve Mabrouki, C. (2018, April). Smart port: design and perspectives. 2018 4th International Conference on Logistics Operations Management (GOL) içinde (1-6. ss.). http:// dx.doi.org/10.1109/GOL.2018.8378099
• Durán, C. A., Fernández-Campusano, C., Carrasco, R., Vargas, M., ve Navarrete, A. (2021). Boosting the decision-making in smart ports by using blockchain. IEEE Access, 9, 128055-128068.
• Eren, A., Eren, D. (2020). Pazarlama literatüründe elektronik ağızdan ağıza iletişimin bibliyometrik analizi. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 12(3), 2515-2530.
• Fernández, P., Suárez, J. P., Trujillo, A., Domínguez, C., ve Santana, J. M. (2018). 3D-Monitoring big geo data on a seaport ınfrastructure based on FIWARE. Journal of Geographical Systems, 20(2), 139-157.
• Frazzon, E. M., Constante, J. M., Triska, Y., Albuquerque, J. V. D. S., Martinez-Moya, J., Silva, L. D. S., ve Valente, A. M. (2019). Smart port-hinterland ıntegration: conceptual proposal and simulation-based analysis in Brazilian ports. International Journal of Integrated Supply Management, 12(4), 334-352.
• Garfield, E. (1999). Journal impact factor: a brief review. Cmaj, 161(8), 979-980.
• Gonzalez, A., R., Gonzalez-Cancelas, N., Serrano, B., M., ve Orive, A., C. (2020). Preparation of a smart port ındicator and calculation of a ranking for the Spanish port system. Logistics, 4(2), 9.
• Heilig, L. ve Voss, S. (2017). Information systems in seaports: a categorization and overview. Information Technology Management, 18, 179-201.
• Heilig, L., Lalla-Ruiz, E., ve Voß, S. (2017). Port-IO: An ıntegrative mobile cloud platform for real-time ınter-terminal truck routing optimization. Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal, 29(3), 504-534.
• Ivanov, D., Dolgui, A., ve Sokolov, B. (2019). The ımpact of digital technology and ındustry 4.0 on the ripple effect and supply chain risk analytics. International Journal of Production Research, 57(3), 829-846.
• Jović, M., Kavran, N., Aksentijević, S., ve Tijan, E. (2019). The transition of Croatian seaports into smart ports. 2019 42nd International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics (MIPRO) içinde (1386-1390. ss.). http:// dx.doi.org/10.23919/MIPRO.2019.8757111.
• Jun, W. K., Lee, M. K., ve Choi, J. Y. (2018). Impact of the smart port ındustry on the Korean national economy using ınput-output analysis. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 118, 480-493.
• Kagermann, H., Wahlster, W., Helbig, J. (2013). Recommendations for implementing the strategic initiative Industrie 4.0. Erişim adresi https://www.din.de/blob/76902/e8cac883f42bf28536e7e8165993f1fd/recommendations-for-implementing-industry-4-0-data.pdf
• Karaś, A. (2020). Smart port as a key to the future development of modern ports. TransNav: International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, 14(1), 27-31.
• Karlı, H., Karlı, R. G. Ö., ve Çelikyay, S. (2021). Fuzzy AHP approach to the determination of smart port dimensions: A case study on Filyos port. Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 9(1), 322-336.
• Lacalle, I., Belsa, A., Vaño, R., ve Palau, C. E. (2020). framework and methodology for establishing port-city policies based on real-time composite ındicators and IoT: A practical use-case. Sensors, 20(15), 4131.
• Lee, E., S., Nam, H., S., ve Song, D, W. (2015). Defining maritime logistics and its value. Song, D., W. ve Panayides, P., M. (Ed.), Maritime Logistics: A Guide to Contemporary Shipping and Port Management, (53-65, ss.), Londra: Kogan Page Limited.
• Merigo, J., M., Gil-Lafuente, A., M. ve Yager, R. R. (2015). An overview of fuzzy research with bibliometric indicators. Applied Software Computing, 27, 420-433.
• Molavi, A., Lim, G. J., ve Race, B. (2020). A framework for building a smart port and smart port index. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 14(9), 686-700.
• Molavi, A., Shi, J., Wu, Y., ve Lim, G., J. (2020). Enabling smart ports through the ıntegration of microgrids: A two-stage stochastic programming approach. Applied Energy, 258, 114022.
• Müller, J. M., ve Voigt, K.‐I. (2018). The impact of Industry 4.0 on supply chains in engineer‐to‐order industries-An exploratory case study. IFAC‐Papers OnLine, 51(11), 122–127.
• Pei, J., Shi, Y., ve Shan, P. (2021). A bibliometric analysis of entrepreneurial orientation. Chinese Management Studies, 15(3), 738-757.
• Pickering, C., ve Byrne, J. (2014). The benefits of publishing systematic quantitative literature reviews for Phd candidates and other early-career researchers. Higher Education Research & Development, 33(3), 534-548.
• Port of Antwerp (2021). Port of the future. Erişim adresi https://www.portofantwerp.com/en/smart-port
• Rajabi, A., Saryazdi, A. K., Belfkih, A., ve Duvallet, C. (2018). Towards smart port: An application of AIS data. 2018 IEEE 20th International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications; IEEE 16th International Conference on Smart City; IEEE 4th International Conference on Data Science and Systems (HPCC/SmartCity/DSS) içinde (1414-1421. ss.). http:// dx.doi.org/10.1109/HPCC/SmartCity/DSS.2018.00234
• Ren, R., Hu, W., Dong, J., Sun, B., Chen, Y., ve Chen Z. (2019). A systematic literature review of green and sustainable logistics: Bibliometric analysis, research trend and knowledge taxonomy. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17 (1), 261.
• Rista, A., Lloha, O. (2021). The integration of Albanian seaports towards smart ports. Proccedings of RTA-CSIT 2021, May 2021, Tirana, Albania.
• Rolán, A., Manteca, P., Oktar, R., ve Siano, P. (2019). Integration of cold ıroning and renewable sources in the Barcelona smart port. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 55(6), 7198-7206.
• Sanders, A., Elangeswaran, C., ve Wulfsberg, J. P. (2016). Industry 4.0 implies lean manufacturing: Research activities in Industry 4.0 function as enablers for lean manufacturing. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management (JIEM), 9(3), 811-833.
• Solak-Fışkın, C. ve Cerit, A., G. (2020). Comparative bibliometric and network analysis of maritime transport/shipping literature using the Web of Science database. Scientific Journals of the Maritime University of the Szczecin, 61(133), 160-170.
• Stopford, M. (2009). Maritime economics, Oxon: Routledge.
• Yang, Y., Xue, X., Gao, Y., Zhang, H., ve Du, X. (2020). Constructing sustainable coastal ecological environment: A hierarchical structure for sustainable smart ports. Journal of Coastal Research, 99(SI), 358-363.
• Yau, K. L. A., Peng, S., Qadir, J., Low, Y. C., ve Ling, M. H. (2020). Towards smart port infrastructures: Enhancing port activities using information and communications technology. IEEE Access, 8, 83387-83404.
• Wang, K., Hu, Q., Zhou, M., Zun, Z., ve Qian, X. (2021). Multi-aspect applications and development challenges of digital twin-driven management in global smart ports. Case Studies on Transport Policy, 9(3), 1298-1312.
• Webster, J., and Watson, R. T. (2002). Analyzing the past to prepare for the future: Writing a literature review. MIS Quarterly, 26(2), xiii-xxiii.
• Zhao, D., Wang, T., ve Han, H. (2020). Approach towards sustainable and smart coal port development: The case of Huanghua port in China. Sustainability, 12(9), 3924.