THE COVID-19 CRISIS AND DEMOCRACY: AN INVESTIGATION IN THE CONTEXT OF INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL-ECONOMY

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 23 Sayı: COVID-19 ÖZEL SAYISI, 197 - 220, 28.03.2022

Orhan Cengiz

https://doi.org/10.31671/doujournal.1015503

Öz

The Covid-19, one of the biggest crises of the 21st century, has caused wide-ranging effects in a short time. One of the most critical aspects of the crisis in the environment of these developments is that nation-states are significant actors in the era of neoliberal globalization. The increasing role of nation-states has revealed an essential relationship between the Covid-19 and democracy. Two points become crucial in this relationship. The first is the failure to manage the crisis in many countries characterized as developed democracies, while relatively successful results are achieved in countries where democratic governance factors are weaker. Secondly, there is an increase in the practices that lead to moving away from democratic principles in the decision-making process to reduce the impacts of the Covid-19 crisis. In this study, it is aimed to examine the applications of the Covid-19 that led to the democracy-authoritarian dichotomy and the future of global democracies after the Covid-19 in the context of political economics. A comparative analysis method is used in the study under the constraint of accessibility to data and resources. The results obtained in the study can be summarized as follows: i)Political systems do not provide a clear perspective in measuring the performance of countries in the fight against the Covid-19; ii)In addition, the Covid-19 has revealed many dynamics that will lead to the transformation of democracy on a global scale.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Covid-19, Democracy, Political Regimes, Nation-state

COVID-19 KRİZİ VE DEMOKRASİ: ULUSLARARASI POLİTİK-EKONOMİ BAĞLAMINDA BİR İNCELEME

Öz

21. yüzyılın en büyük krizlerinden birisi olan Covid-19, kısa süre içerisinde geniş kapsamlı etkilere yol açmıştır. Bu gelişmelerin yaşandığı ortamda krizin ortaya çıkardığı en kritik hususlardan birisi, ulus-devletlerin neoliberal küreselleşme çağında önemli aktörler olduğudur. Ulus-devletlerin rollerinin artması, Covid-19 ile demokrasi arasındaki önemli bir ilişkiyi ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu ilişkide iki nokta çok önemli hâle gelmiştir. Bunlardan birincisi, gelişmiş demokrasiler olarak nitelendirilen birçok yerde krizin yönetilmesinde başarısız olunması, buna karşılık demokratik yönetişim unsurlarının daha zayıf olduğu ülkelerde nispeten başarılı sonuçların elde edilmesidir. İkinci olarak, Covid-19 krizinin etkilerinin azaltılması için karar alma sürecinde demokratik ilkelerden uzaklaşılmasına yol açan uygulamaların artış göstermesidir. Bu çalışmada, demokrasi-otoriterlik ikilemine yol açan Covid-19 uygulamalarının ve Covid-19 sonrası küresel demokrasilerin geleceğinin politik ekonomi bağlamında incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmada veri ve kaynaklara erişilebilirlik kısıtı altında karşılaştırmalı bir analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada ulaşılan sonuçlar şu şekilde özetlenebilir: i)Politik rejimler, ülkelerin Covid-19 ile mücadeledeki performansını ölçmede net bir bakış açısı sunmamaktadır; ii)Bunun yanında Covid-19, küresel ölçekte demokrasinin dönüşümüne yol açacak pek çok dinamiği de ortaya çıkarmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Covid-19, Demokrasi, Politik Rejimler, Ulus-devlet

Kaynakça

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