Araştırma Makalesi
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ÇİN DIŞ POLİTİKASINDA ORTA DOĞU’NUN YERİ

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 27, 40 - 54, 31.05.2024
https://doi.org/10.53092/duiibfd.1312148

Öz

Bu çalışma Orta Doğu’nun Çin dış politikasındaki yerini inceleyecektir. Orta Doğu bir bölge olarak dünya siyaseti ve ekonomisi için önemli bir yere sahiptir. Çin de uluslararası sistemdeki önemli bir küresel güç olarak bölge ile yakın ilişkiler içerisindedir. Geçmişi eski çağlara kadar giden Çin’in Orta Doğu ile ilişkileri Soğuk Savaş döneminde sınırlı düzeyde olmuştur. Soğuk Savaş sonrası dönemde Çin’in ekonomik yükselişine paralel bir biçimde artan enerji kaynakları ihtiyacı bölgeye yönelik pragmatik bir politika izlemesini beraberinde getirmiştir. Şi Jinping dönemi ile Çin dış politikasında daha etkin olmayı hedeflemektedir. Önceki dönemlerde uluslararası sistemin diğer büyük güçlerine göre etkinlik kurma konusunda geç kaldığını düşünen Çin bu durumu lehine çevirme arayışı içerisindedir. Bu bakımdan ağırlıklı olarak ekonomik niteliği ön planda olan bölge ile ilişkilerinde siyasi ve güvenlik boyutlarını da geliştirmek istemektedir. Çin’in ticaret ve enerji nakil hatlarını geliştirmeyi amaçlayan Kuşak-Yol Projesi için Orta Doğu önemli bir konumda bulunmaktadır. Ticaret, enerji kaynaklarının yanında bölgenin güvenliği de Çin açısından önem kazanmaktadır. Çin özellikle bölgedeki bölgesel güçler ile yakın ilişkiler kurarak etkinliğini arttırma yoluna gitmektedir. Bölgesel dinamiklerin yanında küresel dinamikler de Çin’in bölgeye yönelik politikalarını etkilemektedir. Fakat Çin, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD)’nin bölgedeki güvenlik taahhütlerinin sağladığı istikrar çerçevesinde etkinliğini sürdürme politikasını takip etmektedir. Bununla beraber dünya ekonomisi ve siyasetinde yeni bir aşamaya geçen Çin-ABD rekabeti bölgeyi de etkisi altına alma potansiyeli taşımaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Anadolu Ajansı. (2023, Nisan 6). BAE'nin gazı Çin yuanıyla fiyatlandırması dolar üzerindeki baskıyı artırıyor. https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/dunya/baenin-gazi-cin-yuaniyla-fiyatlandirmasi-dolar-uzerindeki-baskiyi-artiriyor/2865407.
  • Blank, S. (2018). Silk roads and global strategy. In James Reardon-Anderson (ed.). The red star and crescent: China and the Middle East. Oxford University Press.
  • Dillon, M. (2004). The Middle East and China. In T. P. Najem and M. Hetherington (eds.). The Middle East’s relations with Asia and Russia. Routledge Curzon.
  • Dorsey, J. M. (2017). China and the Middle East: venturing into the maelstrom. Asian journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic studies, 11(1).
  • Ehteshami, A. (2018). The One Belt, One Road in China’s grand strategy. In A. Ehteshami and N. Horesh (eds.). China’s Presence in the Middle East: The Implications of the One Belt One Road Initiative. Routledge.
  • Ehteshami, A. & Horesh, N. (2020). How China’s rise is changing the Middle East. Routledge.
  • Fulton, J. (2022). China’s emergence as a Middle East power. In J. Fulton. Routledge handbook on China-Middle East relations. Routledge.
  • Gonzalez-Vicente, R. (2015). The limits to China’s non-interference foreign policy: pro-state interventionism and the rescaling of economic governance. Australian Journal of International Affairs, 69(2).
  • Harris, S. (2014). Çin dış politikası, (Çev. A. Y. Şir). Matbuat Yayın Grubu.
  • Horesh, N. & Xu, R. (2016). Conclusion: China’s growing presence in the Middle East. In N. Horesh (ed.). Toward Well-Oiled Relations? China’s presence in the Middle East following the Arab Spring Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Jung-seung, Shin. (2013). Another take on prospects for the foreign policy of the Chinese fifth-generation leadership. In G. Rozman (ed.) China’s foreign policy. Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Kamel, M. S. (2018). China’s Belt and Road Initiative: implications for the Middle East. Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 31(1). Doi: 10.1080/09557571.2018.1480592
  • Kamrava, M. (2022). The China model and the Middle East. In J. Fulton (ed.). Routledge handbook on China-Middle East relations. Routledge.
  • Nathan, A. J. & Scobell, A. (2012). China’s search for security. Columbia University Press.
  • Niblock, T. (2022). The Middle East in China’s global strategies. In J. Fulton (ed.). Routledge handbook on China-Middle East relations. Routledge.
  • Overholt, W. H. (2013). China’s financial and monetary Policies. In G. Rozman (ed.) China’s Foreign Policy. Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Reuters. (2023, March 11). Iran and Saudi Arabia agree to resume ties in talks brokered by China. https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/iran-saudi-arabia-agree-resume-ties-re-open-embassies-iranian-state-media-2023-03-10/.
  • Scobell, A. (2018). China’s search for security in the Greater Middle East. In James Reardon-Anderson (ed.). The red star and crescent: China and the Middle East. Oxford University Press.
  • Scobell, A. (2018). Why the Middle East matters to China. In A. Ehteshami and N. Horesh (eds.). China’s Presence in the Middle East: the implications of the One Belt One Road Initiative, Routledge.
  • Shichor, Y. (1979). The Middle East in China’s foreign policy (1949-1977). Cambridge University Press.
  • Shichor, Y. (2018). Vision, revision and supervision: the politics of China’s OBOR and AIIB and their implications for the Middle East. In A. Ehteshami and N. Horesh (eds.). China’s presence in the Middle East: the implications of the One Belt One Road Initiative. Routledge.
  • Singh, M. (2016). Chinese policy in the Middle East in the wake of Arab Uprisings. In N. Horesh (ed.). Toward well-oiled relations? China’s presence in the Middle East following the Arab Spring. Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Small, S. (2018). Choosing not to choose: The Belt and Road Initiative and the Middle East. In James Reardon-Anderson (ed.). The red star and crescent: China and the Middle East. Oxford University Press.
  • Sun, D. (2018). China’s military relations with the Middle East. In James Reardon-Anderson (ed.). The red star and crescent: China and the Middle East. Oxford University Press.
  • Swaine, M. (1995). China: domestic change and foreign policy. RAND. Temiz, K. (2022). Chinese foreign policy toward the Middle East. Routledge.
  • Wolfe, W. M. (2013). China’s strategic hedging. Orbis. 57 (2).
  • Wu, B. (2021). China and new Middle East. Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies, 23(3), 443-457. doi: 10.1080/19448953.2021.1888248.
  • Zhang, J. (2015). China's new foreign policy under Xi Jinping: towards “peaceful rise 2.0’?. Global change, peace & security. (27).

THE MIDDLE EAST IN CHINESE FOREIGN POLICY

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 27, 40 - 54, 31.05.2024
https://doi.org/10.53092/duiibfd.1312148

Öz

This study will examine the place of the Middle East in Chinese foreign policy. The Middle East, as a region, has an important place for world politics and economy. As an important global power in the international system, China is in close relations with the region. Going back to ancient times, China's relations with the Middle East were limited during the Cold War era. The increasing need for energy resources in parallel with the economic rise of China brought along a pragmatic policy towards the region in the post-Cold War era. By the Xi Jinping era, China aims to be more active in its foreign policy. Considering that it was late in establishing an activity compared to other great powers of the international system in the previous periods, China has been seeking to alter this situation to its advantage. In this respect, it also aims to develop its political and security dimensions in its relations with the region, which has a predominantly economic quality. The Middle East is in an important position for the Belt-Road Initiative, which aims to develop China's trade and energy transmission lines. In addition to trade and energy resources, the security of the region is also important for China. China has been trying to increase its effectiveness by establishing close relations with regional powers in the region. Besides regional dynamics, global dynamics also affect China's regional policies. China follows the policy of maintaining its effectiveness within the framework of the stability provided by the security commitments of the United States of America (US) in the region. However, the US-China competition, which has entered a new stage in the world economy and politics, has also the potential to affect the region as well.

Kaynakça

  • Anadolu Ajansı. (2023, Nisan 6). BAE'nin gazı Çin yuanıyla fiyatlandırması dolar üzerindeki baskıyı artırıyor. https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/dunya/baenin-gazi-cin-yuaniyla-fiyatlandirmasi-dolar-uzerindeki-baskiyi-artiriyor/2865407.
  • Blank, S. (2018). Silk roads and global strategy. In James Reardon-Anderson (ed.). The red star and crescent: China and the Middle East. Oxford University Press.
  • Dillon, M. (2004). The Middle East and China. In T. P. Najem and M. Hetherington (eds.). The Middle East’s relations with Asia and Russia. Routledge Curzon.
  • Dorsey, J. M. (2017). China and the Middle East: venturing into the maelstrom. Asian journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic studies, 11(1).
  • Ehteshami, A. (2018). The One Belt, One Road in China’s grand strategy. In A. Ehteshami and N. Horesh (eds.). China’s Presence in the Middle East: The Implications of the One Belt One Road Initiative. Routledge.
  • Ehteshami, A. & Horesh, N. (2020). How China’s rise is changing the Middle East. Routledge.
  • Fulton, J. (2022). China’s emergence as a Middle East power. In J. Fulton. Routledge handbook on China-Middle East relations. Routledge.
  • Gonzalez-Vicente, R. (2015). The limits to China’s non-interference foreign policy: pro-state interventionism and the rescaling of economic governance. Australian Journal of International Affairs, 69(2).
  • Harris, S. (2014). Çin dış politikası, (Çev. A. Y. Şir). Matbuat Yayın Grubu.
  • Horesh, N. & Xu, R. (2016). Conclusion: China’s growing presence in the Middle East. In N. Horesh (ed.). Toward Well-Oiled Relations? China’s presence in the Middle East following the Arab Spring Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Jung-seung, Shin. (2013). Another take on prospects for the foreign policy of the Chinese fifth-generation leadership. In G. Rozman (ed.) China’s foreign policy. Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Kamel, M. S. (2018). China’s Belt and Road Initiative: implications for the Middle East. Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 31(1). Doi: 10.1080/09557571.2018.1480592
  • Kamrava, M. (2022). The China model and the Middle East. In J. Fulton (ed.). Routledge handbook on China-Middle East relations. Routledge.
  • Nathan, A. J. & Scobell, A. (2012). China’s search for security. Columbia University Press.
  • Niblock, T. (2022). The Middle East in China’s global strategies. In J. Fulton (ed.). Routledge handbook on China-Middle East relations. Routledge.
  • Overholt, W. H. (2013). China’s financial and monetary Policies. In G. Rozman (ed.) China’s Foreign Policy. Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Reuters. (2023, March 11). Iran and Saudi Arabia agree to resume ties in talks brokered by China. https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/iran-saudi-arabia-agree-resume-ties-re-open-embassies-iranian-state-media-2023-03-10/.
  • Scobell, A. (2018). China’s search for security in the Greater Middle East. In James Reardon-Anderson (ed.). The red star and crescent: China and the Middle East. Oxford University Press.
  • Scobell, A. (2018). Why the Middle East matters to China. In A. Ehteshami and N. Horesh (eds.). China’s Presence in the Middle East: the implications of the One Belt One Road Initiative, Routledge.
  • Shichor, Y. (1979). The Middle East in China’s foreign policy (1949-1977). Cambridge University Press.
  • Shichor, Y. (2018). Vision, revision and supervision: the politics of China’s OBOR and AIIB and their implications for the Middle East. In A. Ehteshami and N. Horesh (eds.). China’s presence in the Middle East: the implications of the One Belt One Road Initiative. Routledge.
  • Singh, M. (2016). Chinese policy in the Middle East in the wake of Arab Uprisings. In N. Horesh (ed.). Toward well-oiled relations? China’s presence in the Middle East following the Arab Spring. Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Small, S. (2018). Choosing not to choose: The Belt and Road Initiative and the Middle East. In James Reardon-Anderson (ed.). The red star and crescent: China and the Middle East. Oxford University Press.
  • Sun, D. (2018). China’s military relations with the Middle East. In James Reardon-Anderson (ed.). The red star and crescent: China and the Middle East. Oxford University Press.
  • Swaine, M. (1995). China: domestic change and foreign policy. RAND. Temiz, K. (2022). Chinese foreign policy toward the Middle East. Routledge.
  • Wolfe, W. M. (2013). China’s strategic hedging. Orbis. 57 (2).
  • Wu, B. (2021). China and new Middle East. Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies, 23(3), 443-457. doi: 10.1080/19448953.2021.1888248.
  • Zhang, J. (2015). China's new foreign policy under Xi Jinping: towards “peaceful rise 2.0’?. Global change, peace & security. (27).
Toplam 28 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Uluslararası Siyaset
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Mehmet Alkış 0000-0001-6521-0701

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 27 Nisan 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mayıs 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 9 Haziran 2023
Kabul Tarihi 28 Ağustos 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 14 Sayı: 27

Kaynak Göster

APA Alkış, M. (2024). ÇİN DIŞ POLİTİKASINDA ORTA DOĞU’NUN YERİ. Dicle Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 14(27), 40-54. https://doi.org/10.53092/duiibfd.1312148
AMA Alkış M. ÇİN DIŞ POLİTİKASINDA ORTA DOĞU’NUN YERİ. Dicle Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. Mayıs 2024;14(27):40-54. doi:10.53092/duiibfd.1312148
Chicago Alkış, Mehmet. “ÇİN DIŞ POLİTİKASINDA ORTA DOĞU’NUN YERİ”. Dicle Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 14, sy. 27 (Mayıs 2024): 40-54. https://doi.org/10.53092/duiibfd.1312148.
EndNote Alkış M (01 Mayıs 2024) ÇİN DIŞ POLİTİKASINDA ORTA DOĞU’NUN YERİ. Dicle Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 14 27 40–54.
IEEE M. Alkış, “ÇİN DIŞ POLİTİKASINDA ORTA DOĞU’NUN YERİ”, Dicle Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 14, sy. 27, ss. 40–54, 2024, doi: 10.53092/duiibfd.1312148.
ISNAD Alkış, Mehmet. “ÇİN DIŞ POLİTİKASINDA ORTA DOĞU’NUN YERİ”. Dicle Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 14/27 (Mayıs 2024), 40-54. https://doi.org/10.53092/duiibfd.1312148.
JAMA Alkış M. ÇİN DIŞ POLİTİKASINDA ORTA DOĞU’NUN YERİ. Dicle Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 2024;14:40–54.
MLA Alkış, Mehmet. “ÇİN DIŞ POLİTİKASINDA ORTA DOĞU’NUN YERİ”. Dicle Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 14, sy. 27, 2024, ss. 40-54, doi:10.53092/duiibfd.1312148.
Vancouver Alkış M. ÇİN DIŞ POLİTİKASINDA ORTA DOĞU’NUN YERİ. Dicle Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 2024;14(27):40-54.

Dicle Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi
Dicle University, Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences