Experimental Analysis and Finite Element Modeling of S-Core Sandwich Panel Composites Drop Impact Response
Yıl 2024,
, 131 - 139, 29.03.2024
Hasan Murat Öztemiz
,
Şemsettin Temiz
Öz
Sandwich panel composites have several applications in material technology. The sandwich panel composite material is constructed of stainless steel-316 for the top and bottom plates, aluminum 1050A-0 for the core, and DP-8405 acrylic adhesive for the binding element. The impact behavior of S-core composite sandwich panels was examined using low-velocity drop impact tests and finite element models. Finite element models have been created to characterize the influence of composite element bending behavior on variations. The specific flexural modulus and strength of composite S-core sandwich structures are equivalent to those found in the literature for core structures. As a result, the minimum weight design served as a guideline for producing weight and density-efficient hybrid composite sandwich panels. The energy absorbed in the test findings rose between 15.15% and 30% as the core thickness grew and between 3.571% and 41.34% as the core arrays changed. Impact load-bearing capability increases with varied core heights and array designs.
Proje Numarası
BAP Project Code: FDK-2020-2306
Teşekkür
This research was supported by Inonu University (BAP Project Code: FDK-2020-2306). The authors thank Inonu University for funding the project.
Kaynakça
- [1] M.Ş. Adin, E. Kılıçkap, “Strength of double-reinforced
adhesive joints, ” Materials Testing, Feb 23, 2021.DOI:
10.1515/mt-2020-0024
- [2] H. Adin , B. Yıldız, M.Ş. Adin , “NUMERICAL
INVESTIGATION OF FATIGUE BEHAVIOURS OF NONPATCHED AND PATCHED ALUMINIUM PIPES, ” European
Journal of Technique (EJT), Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 60 – 65, 2021,
DOI: 10.36222/ejt.893327
- [3] M. Arslan , O. Güler, U. Alver, “ The investigation of the
mechanical properties of sandwich panel composites with
different surface and core materials’’. Pamukkale University
Journal of Engineering Sciences, 24(6),1062-1068, 2018
- [4] S. Chen, X. Tan, J. Hu, S. Zhu, B. Wang, L. Wang, Y. Jin, L.
Wu, “A novel gradient negative stiffness honeycomb for
recoverable energy absorption,” Composites Part B: Engineering
,Volume 2, 108745, 2021
- [5] J. Cao, K. Cai, Q. Wang, J. Shi, “Damage behavior of a
bonded sandwich beam with corrugated core under 3-point
bending, Material Design Volume, ” 95, 165-172, 2016
- [6] Y.Zhang, T. Liu, W. Tizani, “Experimental and numerical
analysis of dynamic compressive response of Nomex
honeycombs,” Composite Part B:Engineering, Volume 148, 27-
39, 2018
- [7] X. Wu , H. Yu, L. Guo, L. Zhang, X. Sun, Z. Chai,
“Experimental and numerical investigation of static and fatigue
behaviors of composites honeycomb sandwich structure,”
Composite Structure, 165-172, 2019
- [8] G. Xu, F. Yang, T. Zeng, S. Cheng, Z. Wang, “Bending
behavior of graded corrugated truss core composite sandwich
beams,” Composite Structure, 342-251, 2016
- [9] T. Li, L. Wang, “Bending behavior of sandwich composite
structures with tunable 3D-printed core materials,” Composite
Structure, 46-57, 2017
- [10] F.C. Potes, J.M. Silva, P.V. Gamboa, “Development and
characterization of a natural lightweight composite solution for
aircraft structural applications,” Composite Structures, 430-440,
2016
- [11] J. Forsberg, L. Nilsson, “Evaluation of response surface
methodologies used in crashworthiness optimization,”
International Journal of Impact Engineering, 759-777, 2006
- [12] G. Qi, Y.L. Chen, P. Richert , L. Ma , K.U. Schröder, “A
hybrid joining insert for sandwich panels with pyramidal lattice
truss cores,” Composite Structures, 241, 112-123, 2020
- [13] X. Lu, V.B.C Tan, T.E. Tay, “Auxeticity of monoclinic
tetrachiral honeycombs,’’ Composite Structures, Volume 241,
112067
- [14] K. Naresh, W.J. Cantwell, “Single and multi-layer core
designs for Pseudo-Ductile failure in honeycomb sandwich
structures,” Composite Structures, Volume 256, 113059, 2021
- [15] S. Newstead, L. Watson, M. Cameron., “Vehicle Safety
Ratings Estimated From Police Reported Crash Data: 2008
Update,” Monash University Accident Research Center Report,
Melbourne, Australia, 280, 2008
- [16] X.M. Xiang, G. Lu., Z.H. Wang, “Quasi-static bending
behavior of sandwich beams with thin-walled tubes as core,” Int
J Mech Sci, 55-62, 2015
- [17] A. Petras, M.P.F. Sutcliffe, “Failure mode maps for
honeycomb sandwich panels,” Composite Structure, 237-252,
1999
- [18] Z. Sun, S. Shi, X. Hu, X. Guo, J. Chen, “Short-aramid-fiber
toughening of epoxy adhesive joint between carbon fiber
composites and metal sub- strates with different surface
morphology,” Composite Part B Engineering, 38-45, 2015
- [19] H. Adin, M.Ş. Adin, “Effect of particles on tensile and
bending properties of jute epoxy composites,” Materials
Testing, March 16, 2022. DOI: 10.1515/mt-2021-2038
- [20] H.B. Rachid, D. Noureddine, B. Benali, M.Ş. Adin, M.Ş.,
“Effect of nanocomposites rate on the crack propagation in the
adhesive of single lap joint subjected to tension,” MECHANICS
OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES; JUL 22
2023, DOI: 10.1080/15376494.2023.2240319
- [21] S.D. Pan, L.Z.Wu, Y.G.Sun, Z.G.Zhaou, “Fracture test for
double cantilever beam of honeycomb sandwich panels,”
Materials Letters, 62, 523-526, 2008
- [22] Q. Qin, S. Chen, K. Li, M. Jiang, T. Cui, J. Zhang,
“Structural impact damage of metal honeycomb sandwich
plates,” composite, Volume 252, 112719, 2020
- [23] Q.H. Qin, T.J. Wang, “Low-velocity impact response of fully
clamped metal foam core sandwich beam incorporating local
denting effect,” Composite Structures,Volume 96, 346-356, 2013
- [24] X. Zhang, F. Xu, Y. Zang, W. Feng, “Experimental and
numerical investigation on damage behavior of honeycomb
sandwich panel subjected to low-velocity impact,” composite
structure, Volume 236, 111882, 2020
- [25] J. Xiong, L. Ma, L. Wu, B.Wang, and A.Vaziri, “Fabrication
and crushing behavior of low-density carbon fiber composite
pyramidal truss structures,” Composite Structures, Volume 92,
2695-2702, 2010
- [26] H.P. Wang, C.T. Wu, Y. Guo, E. Mark, A. Botkin, “Coupled
meshfree/finite element method for automotive crashworthiness
simulations,” International Journal of Impact Engineering, 36(10-
11), 1210-1222
- [27] J. Mei, J. Liu, W. Huang, “Three-point bending behaviors of
the foam-filled CFRP X-core sandwich panel: Experimental
investigation and analytical modelling,” Composite Structures,
Volume 284, 11520, 2022
- [28] V.S. Sokolinsky, H. Shen, “Vaikhanski L and Nutt SR.,
Experimental and analytical study of nonlinear bending response
of sandwich beams,” Composite Structures, 60, 219-229, 2003
- [29] A. Boukar , S. Corn , P. Slangen, P. Ieny, “Finite element
modelling of low velocity impact test applied to biaxial glass fiber
reinforced laminate composites,” International Journal of Impact
Engineering 165,104218, 2022
- [30] G. Belingardi, R. Vadori, “Low velocity impact tests of
laminate glass-fiber-epoxy matrix composite material plates,”
International Journal of Impact Engineering 27, 213–229, 2002
- [31] H. Yujia, M. Ming, Y. Siya, W. Kai, “Drop-weight impact
behaviour of stitched composites: Influence of stitching pattern
and stitching space,” Composites: Part A 172,107612, 2023
- [32] D. Lee, B. Park, S. Park, C. Choi, J. Song, “Fabrication of
high-stiffness fiber-metal laminates and study of their behavior
under low-velocity impact loadings,” Composite Structures, 189,
61-69, 2018
- [33] H. Liu, Y. Zhou, L. Chen, X. Pan, S. Zhu, T. Liu, W. Li,
“Drop-weight impact responses and energy absorption of
lightweight glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite
hierarchical cylindrical structures,” Thin-Walled Structures 184,
110468, 2023
- [34] Aluminum 1050-O.
https://www.matweb.com/search/DataSheet.aspx?MatGUID=27
3c1ffbdc134a8292c704da3ee2ff35. Access date 18 August 2023
- [35] Stainless steel-Grade316.
https://www.azom.com/properties.aspx?ArticleID=863. Access
date 18 August 2023
- [36] Stainless steel 316.
https://www.matweb.com/search/DataSheet.aspx?MatGUID=3a
413dabd215462da3408e6e8b761349. Access date 18 August
2023
- [37] H.M. Öztemiz, Ş. Temiz, “Mechanical Behaviors Of
Different Radii Of Curvature S-Shaped Core Sandwich
Composites Subjected To Bending Load,” International Asian
Congress On Contemporary Sciences-VI, Van-Türkiye, 200-207,
27-29 May 2022
- [38] H.M. Öztemiz, Ş. Temiz, “Mechanical Behaviors Of
Different Array With S-Shaped Core Sandwich Composites
Subjected To Bending Load,” International Asian Congress On
Contemporary Sciences-VI, Van-Türkiye, 208-216, 27-29 May
2022
- [39] E.A. Alwesabi, B.H. Abu Bakar, I.M.H. Alshaikh, H.M.
Akil,“Impact resistance of plain and rubberized concrete
containing steel and polypropylene hybrid fiber,” Mater Today
Commun, DOI: 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2020.101640
- [40] M. Sahan M, I. Unsal, “An Experimental Analysis for Impact
Behaviour of Portland Cement Concrete Substituted with
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Aggregate, Iranian Journal of
Science and Technology,” Transactions of Civil Engineering,
47:2113–2130, 2023 DOI: 10.1007/s40996-023-01052-7
- [41] ACI 544.2R-89 (1999) Measurement of properties of fiber
reinforced concrete. ACI Committee 544
Experimental Analysis and Finite Element Modeling of S-Core Sandwich Panel Composites Drop Impact Response
Yıl 2024,
, 131 - 139, 29.03.2024
Hasan Murat Öztemiz
,
Şemsettin Temiz
Öz
Sandwich panel composites have several applications in material technology. The sandwich panel composite material is constructed of stainless steel-316 for the top and bottom plates, aluminum 1050A-0 for the core, and DP-8405 acrylic adhesive for the binding element. The impact behavior of S-core composite sandwich panels was examined using low-velocity drop impact tests and finite element models. Finite element models have been created to characterize the influence of composite element bending behavior on variations. The specific flexural modulus and strength of composite S-core sandwich structures are equivalent to those found in the literature for core structures. As a result, the minimum weight design served as a guideline for producing weight and density-efficient hybrid composite sandwich panels. The energy absorbed in the test findings rose between 15.15% and 30% as the core thickness grew and between 3.571% and 41.34% as the core arrays changed. Impact load-bearing capability increases with varied core heights and array designs.
Destekleyen Kurum
Inonu University
Proje Numarası
BAP Project Code: FDK-2020-2306
Teşekkür
The authors thank Inonu University for funding the project.
Kaynakça
- [1] M.Ş. Adin, E. Kılıçkap, “Strength of double-reinforced
adhesive joints, ” Materials Testing, Feb 23, 2021.DOI:
10.1515/mt-2020-0024
- [2] H. Adin , B. Yıldız, M.Ş. Adin , “NUMERICAL
INVESTIGATION OF FATIGUE BEHAVIOURS OF NONPATCHED AND PATCHED ALUMINIUM PIPES, ” European
Journal of Technique (EJT), Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 60 – 65, 2021,
DOI: 10.36222/ejt.893327
- [3] M. Arslan , O. Güler, U. Alver, “ The investigation of the
mechanical properties of sandwich panel composites with
different surface and core materials’’. Pamukkale University
Journal of Engineering Sciences, 24(6),1062-1068, 2018
- [4] S. Chen, X. Tan, J. Hu, S. Zhu, B. Wang, L. Wang, Y. Jin, L.
Wu, “A novel gradient negative stiffness honeycomb for
recoverable energy absorption,” Composites Part B: Engineering
,Volume 2, 108745, 2021
- [5] J. Cao, K. Cai, Q. Wang, J. Shi, “Damage behavior of a
bonded sandwich beam with corrugated core under 3-point
bending, Material Design Volume, ” 95, 165-172, 2016
- [6] Y.Zhang, T. Liu, W. Tizani, “Experimental and numerical
analysis of dynamic compressive response of Nomex
honeycombs,” Composite Part B:Engineering, Volume 148, 27-
39, 2018
- [7] X. Wu , H. Yu, L. Guo, L. Zhang, X. Sun, Z. Chai,
“Experimental and numerical investigation of static and fatigue
behaviors of composites honeycomb sandwich structure,”
Composite Structure, 165-172, 2019
- [8] G. Xu, F. Yang, T. Zeng, S. Cheng, Z. Wang, “Bending
behavior of graded corrugated truss core composite sandwich
beams,” Composite Structure, 342-251, 2016
- [9] T. Li, L. Wang, “Bending behavior of sandwich composite
structures with tunable 3D-printed core materials,” Composite
Structure, 46-57, 2017
- [10] F.C. Potes, J.M. Silva, P.V. Gamboa, “Development and
characterization of a natural lightweight composite solution for
aircraft structural applications,” Composite Structures, 430-440,
2016
- [11] J. Forsberg, L. Nilsson, “Evaluation of response surface
methodologies used in crashworthiness optimization,”
International Journal of Impact Engineering, 759-777, 2006
- [12] G. Qi, Y.L. Chen, P. Richert , L. Ma , K.U. Schröder, “A
hybrid joining insert for sandwich panels with pyramidal lattice
truss cores,” Composite Structures, 241, 112-123, 2020
- [13] X. Lu, V.B.C Tan, T.E. Tay, “Auxeticity of monoclinic
tetrachiral honeycombs,’’ Composite Structures, Volume 241,
112067
- [14] K. Naresh, W.J. Cantwell, “Single and multi-layer core
designs for Pseudo-Ductile failure in honeycomb sandwich
structures,” Composite Structures, Volume 256, 113059, 2021
- [15] S. Newstead, L. Watson, M. Cameron., “Vehicle Safety
Ratings Estimated From Police Reported Crash Data: 2008
Update,” Monash University Accident Research Center Report,
Melbourne, Australia, 280, 2008
- [16] X.M. Xiang, G. Lu., Z.H. Wang, “Quasi-static bending
behavior of sandwich beams with thin-walled tubes as core,” Int
J Mech Sci, 55-62, 2015
- [17] A. Petras, M.P.F. Sutcliffe, “Failure mode maps for
honeycomb sandwich panels,” Composite Structure, 237-252,
1999
- [18] Z. Sun, S. Shi, X. Hu, X. Guo, J. Chen, “Short-aramid-fiber
toughening of epoxy adhesive joint between carbon fiber
composites and metal sub- strates with different surface
morphology,” Composite Part B Engineering, 38-45, 2015
- [19] H. Adin, M.Ş. Adin, “Effect of particles on tensile and
bending properties of jute epoxy composites,” Materials
Testing, March 16, 2022. DOI: 10.1515/mt-2021-2038
- [20] H.B. Rachid, D. Noureddine, B. Benali, M.Ş. Adin, M.Ş.,
“Effect of nanocomposites rate on the crack propagation in the
adhesive of single lap joint subjected to tension,” MECHANICS
OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES; JUL 22
2023, DOI: 10.1080/15376494.2023.2240319
- [21] S.D. Pan, L.Z.Wu, Y.G.Sun, Z.G.Zhaou, “Fracture test for
double cantilever beam of honeycomb sandwich panels,”
Materials Letters, 62, 523-526, 2008
- [22] Q. Qin, S. Chen, K. Li, M. Jiang, T. Cui, J. Zhang,
“Structural impact damage of metal honeycomb sandwich
plates,” composite, Volume 252, 112719, 2020
- [23] Q.H. Qin, T.J. Wang, “Low-velocity impact response of fully
clamped metal foam core sandwich beam incorporating local
denting effect,” Composite Structures,Volume 96, 346-356, 2013
- [24] X. Zhang, F. Xu, Y. Zang, W. Feng, “Experimental and
numerical investigation on damage behavior of honeycomb
sandwich panel subjected to low-velocity impact,” composite
structure, Volume 236, 111882, 2020
- [25] J. Xiong, L. Ma, L. Wu, B.Wang, and A.Vaziri, “Fabrication
and crushing behavior of low-density carbon fiber composite
pyramidal truss structures,” Composite Structures, Volume 92,
2695-2702, 2010
- [26] H.P. Wang, C.T. Wu, Y. Guo, E. Mark, A. Botkin, “Coupled
meshfree/finite element method for automotive crashworthiness
simulations,” International Journal of Impact Engineering, 36(10-
11), 1210-1222
- [27] J. Mei, J. Liu, W. Huang, “Three-point bending behaviors of
the foam-filled CFRP X-core sandwich panel: Experimental
investigation and analytical modelling,” Composite Structures,
Volume 284, 11520, 2022
- [28] V.S. Sokolinsky, H. Shen, “Vaikhanski L and Nutt SR.,
Experimental and analytical study of nonlinear bending response
of sandwich beams,” Composite Structures, 60, 219-229, 2003
- [29] A. Boukar , S. Corn , P. Slangen, P. Ieny, “Finite element
modelling of low velocity impact test applied to biaxial glass fiber
reinforced laminate composites,” International Journal of Impact
Engineering 165,104218, 2022
- [30] G. Belingardi, R. Vadori, “Low velocity impact tests of
laminate glass-fiber-epoxy matrix composite material plates,”
International Journal of Impact Engineering 27, 213–229, 2002
- [31] H. Yujia, M. Ming, Y. Siya, W. Kai, “Drop-weight impact
behaviour of stitched composites: Influence of stitching pattern
and stitching space,” Composites: Part A 172,107612, 2023
- [32] D. Lee, B. Park, S. Park, C. Choi, J. Song, “Fabrication of
high-stiffness fiber-metal laminates and study of their behavior
under low-velocity impact loadings,” Composite Structures, 189,
61-69, 2018
- [33] H. Liu, Y. Zhou, L. Chen, X. Pan, S. Zhu, T. Liu, W. Li,
“Drop-weight impact responses and energy absorption of
lightweight glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite
hierarchical cylindrical structures,” Thin-Walled Structures 184,
110468, 2023
- [34] Aluminum 1050-O.
https://www.matweb.com/search/DataSheet.aspx?MatGUID=27
3c1ffbdc134a8292c704da3ee2ff35. Access date 18 August 2023
- [35] Stainless steel-Grade316.
https://www.azom.com/properties.aspx?ArticleID=863. Access
date 18 August 2023
- [36] Stainless steel 316.
https://www.matweb.com/search/DataSheet.aspx?MatGUID=3a
413dabd215462da3408e6e8b761349. Access date 18 August
2023
- [37] H.M. Öztemiz, Ş. Temiz, “Mechanical Behaviors Of
Different Radii Of Curvature S-Shaped Core Sandwich
Composites Subjected To Bending Load,” International Asian
Congress On Contemporary Sciences-VI, Van-Türkiye, 200-207,
27-29 May 2022
- [38] H.M. Öztemiz, Ş. Temiz, “Mechanical Behaviors Of
Different Array With S-Shaped Core Sandwich Composites
Subjected To Bending Load,” International Asian Congress On
Contemporary Sciences-VI, Van-Türkiye, 208-216, 27-29 May
2022
- [39] E.A. Alwesabi, B.H. Abu Bakar, I.M.H. Alshaikh, H.M.
Akil,“Impact resistance of plain and rubberized concrete
containing steel and polypropylene hybrid fiber,” Mater Today
Commun, DOI: 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2020.101640
- [40] M. Sahan M, I. Unsal, “An Experimental Analysis for Impact
Behaviour of Portland Cement Concrete Substituted with
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Aggregate, Iranian Journal of
Science and Technology,” Transactions of Civil Engineering,
47:2113–2130, 2023 DOI: 10.1007/s40996-023-01052-7
- [41] ACI 544.2R-89 (1999) Measurement of properties of fiber
reinforced concrete. ACI Committee 544