Kapitalizmin Sözde Ölümü: Paylaşım Ekonomisine Eleştirel Bir Bakış

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 5, 92 - 121, 28.12.2021

Burak Yaprak , Sertaç Ercan

Öz

İnternet teknolojilerinde yaşanan devrimler, kullanıcılara artık dijital mecralarda yer alan içerikleri tüketmekten daha fazlasını vaad etmektedir. Web 1.0 olarak adlandırılan internetin ilk dönemlerinde, kullanıcılar dijital mecralarda yer alan içerikleri yalnızca görüntüleyebilirken Web 2.0 ve sonrasında dijital içeriklerin oluşturulması süreçlerine internet erişimine sahip tüm bireyler dahil olmaktadır. İnternet bağlantılarını birer sosyal ağ aracına dönüştüren kullanıcılar, kendilerine ait görsel veya işitsel bir ögeyi, fikirlerini ve hatta metaları birbirleriyle paylaşmaya başlamışlardır.

Sosyal ağ platformlarında fotoğraflarla başlayan bu paylaşma fikri, kullanıcılara finansal ya da sosyal fayda sağlayabilecek ve birçok farklı metanın paylaşılabileceği bir ekosistem haline gelmiştir. Paylaşım ekonomisi olarak adlandırılan bu ekosistemde, merkezileşmiş aracı kuruluşlar olmaksızın birbirine denk kişiler, atıl vaziyetteki kaynaklarını birbirleriyle paylaşarak sürdürülebilirliğe katkı sağladıklarına inanmaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında ise ilkin paylaşım ekonomisinin kavramsal kökenleri incelenmekte, uygulama alanları örneklendirilerek açıklanmakta ve paylaşım ekonomisinin işlerliğine ilişkin sorular eleştirel bir bakış açısıyla cevaplanmaya çalışılmaktadır. Sonuç olarak paylaşım ekonomisinin toplumsal refah ve adalet için sihirli bir araç olmadığı, hatta kapitalizmin gelişimi için kullanışlı bir yönteme dönüştüğünün altı çizilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kapitalizm, İşbirlikçi Ekonomi, Paylaşım Ekonomisi, Mülkiyetsizlik

Kaynakça

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