Ekolojik Planlama İlkeleri Kullanılarak Kentsel Yeşil Altyapı Sistemlerinin Kurgulanması: Siirt Kenti Örneği

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 2, 70 - 88, 30.12.2020

Huriye Simten Sütünç , Ömer Lütfü Çorbacı

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı; ekolojik planlama ilkeleri kullanılarak Siirt için üst ölçekte bir yeşil altyapı planı oluşturmaktır. Bu planı oluşturmak için 1/100.000 ölçekli Çevre Düzeni Planı kullanılarak yeşil altyapı bileşenleri olan çekirdekler, bağlantılar ve bölgeler belirlenmiştir. Peyzaj çekirdek alanları peyzaj yapısı metrikleri kullanılarak analiz edilmiş ve parçalanma, bağlantılılık ve izolasyon açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Böylelikle, Siirt yeşil altyapı planına temel oluşturan peyzaj yapısı açısından önemli alanlar belirlenmiştir. En az masraflı yol ve Öklid uzaklık yöntemleri kullanılarak peyzajda işlevsel açıdan önemli olan alanlar arasındaki peyzaj bağlantılılığı analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, yeşil altyapı bileşenlerinin peyzajdaki ekolojik rolleri ve önem dereceleri Siirt için oluşturulan yeşil altyapı planının çerçevesini belirlemiştir. Tüm analizler yeşil altyapı kapsamında değerlendirildiğinde, biyolojik çeşitlilik ağı, ekilebilir ağ ve yeşil geçiş ağı oluşturularak Siirt için bir yeşil altyapı planı tasarlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada üst ölçekte yeşil bir altyapı planlanırken, bileşenlerin parçalanma durumları, hangilerinin korunabileceği veya kurtarılabileceği ve analiz sonuçlarına göre oluşturulan stratejilerin diğer planlara nasıl dahil edilip uygulanabileceği bütüncül bir yaklaşımla değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları ve kullanılan yöntem yeşil altyapı çalışmalarının uygulanabilirliği açısından diğer çalışmalara katkı sağlayacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yeşil altyapı, peyzaj yapısı, peyzaj bağlantılılığı, ekolojik planlama, Siirt

Assessment of Basic Green Infrastructure Components as Part of Landscape Structure for Siirt

Öz

The aim of this study is to create a high-scaled green infrastructure plan for the Siirt, using ecological planning principles. In order to create this plan, the cores, corridors and sites, which are green infrastructure components, were determined using 1/100.000 scale Environmental Plan. Landscape core areas have been analysed using landscape structure metrics, and evaluated in terms of fragmentation, connectivity and isolation. In this way, the areas that are of high importance in terms of the landscape structure that will form the basis of the Siirt green infrastructure plan were determined. For landscape connectivity, links have been established between areas whose function is important in the landscape by using least-cost-path and Euclidean distance methods. As a result, the ecological roles and importance of the components in the landscape structure determined the green infrastructure plan framework for the Siirt. Considering these evaluations, a biodiversity network, arable network and green access network were created and a green infrastructure plan was designed in Siirt. In this study, while planning a green infrastructure on the upper scale, the fragmentation of the components, which ones can be protected or recovered, and how the strategies formed according to the results of the analysis can be included and applied in other plans were evaluated with an holistic approach. The results of this study and the method used will contribute to other studies in terms of applicability.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Green infrastructure, landscape structure, landscape connectivity, ecological planning, Siirt

Kaynakça

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