An Overview of Etiopathogenesis of Acne Vulgaris

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 44 - 51, 25.01.2018

Emin Özlü , Ayşegül Baykan , Ragıp Ertaş

Öz

Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the pilosebase unit. Acne vulgaris remains one of the commonest diseases to afflict humanity, with prevalence up to 90% during adolescence. Relatively little is known about its epidemiology despite the fact that acne is a universal condition in younger population. This disease is more common in developed countries than in less industrialized regions of the world. The etiopathogenesis of acne is multifactorial.  Sebum production, follicular epithelial keratinization, bacterial proliferation, and inflammation play significant role in etiopathogenesis. Recent studies shown that toll like receptors and antimicrobial peptides play a role in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. The relationship between diet and acne is highly controversial. Strong evidence shows that high glycemic loads diet may exacerbate acne. In addition, the factors contributing to the formation of acne also include genetic predispositions, hormonal abnormalities, psychological, environmental and iatrogenic factors. The disease is mainly observed face, chest, back and shoulders. When acne is untreated, it may cause social isolation, difficulty in finding jobs, depression and suicide attempt as a result of emotional and physical scar formation. In this article, the epidemiology and etiopathogenesis of acne are overviewed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Acne vulgaris, etiology, pathogenesis

Akne Vulgaris Etiyopatogenezine Genel Bakış

Öz

Akne vulgaris başlıca pilosebase üniteyi etkileyen kronik inflamatuvar bir hastalıktır. Akne vulgaris adolesanlarda %90'a varan prevalansıyla, insanlığı etkileyen en sık görülen hastalıklardan biridir. Hastalığın epidemiyolojisi ile ilgili bilinenler nispeten az olmasına karşın; akne genç popülasyonda görülen evrensel bir durumdur. Bu hastalık gelişmiş ülkelerde dünyanın daha az endüstrileşmiş bölgelerinden daha yaygındır. Aknenin etiyopatogenezi multifaktöriyeldir. Etiyopatogenezinde sebum üretimi, foliküler epitelyal keratinizasyon, bakteriyel proliferasyon ve inflamasyon önemli rol oynar. Güncel çalışmalar akne vulgaris etiyopatogenezinde toll benzeri reseptörler ve antimikrobiyal peptidlerin de rol oynadığını göstermektedir. Akne ve diyet arasındaki ilişki ise son derece tartışmalıdır. Yüksek glisemik indeksli gıdaların akne vulgarisi şiddetlendirdiğine yönelik güçlü kanıtlar mevcuttur. Ayrıca genetik yatkınlık, hormonal bozukluklar, psikolojik, çevresel ve iyatrojenik faktörler de akne gelişimine katkıda bulunur. Hastalık sıklıkla yüz, sırt, göğüs ve omuz bölgesini tutar. Tedavi edilmediği zaman emosyonel ve fiziksel bozukluklara neden olarak sosyal izolasyon, iş bulma güçlüğü, depresyon ve intihar girişimine yol açabilmektedir. Bu makalede akne vulgarisin epidemiyolojisi ve etiyopatogenezi gözden geçirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Akne vulgaris, etiyoloji, patogenez

Kaynakça

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