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Kamu Ar-Ge Destekleri ve Yenilik Modelleri: Kamu Ar-Ge Politikalarının Meşrulaştırılması İçin Hangi Yenilik Modeli Seçilmeli?

Yıl 2009, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 25 - 39, 01.12.2009

Yelda Erden

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

-

Kaynakça

  • Autant-Bernard, C. “Science and knowledge flows: evidence from the French case.” Research Policy, 30, 2001, 1069 -1078.
  • Balconi, M., S. Brusoni and L Orsanigo “In Defence of the Linear Model: An Essay” Universita Commerciale Luigi Bocconi Working Papers, 2008 n.216,1-36
  • Beise, M. and H. Stahl “Public research and industrial innovation in Germany.” Research Policy, , 1999, 397- 422.
  • Busom, I., “An empirical evaluation of the effects of R&D subsidies”, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 9 ,2000, 111–148.
  • Caracostas, P.. “The policy-shaper’s anxiety at the innovation kick: how far do innovation theories really help in the world of policy” in Malerba, F. and S. Brusoni(eds), Perspectives on Innovation, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2007, 464-489
  • Cockburn, I. M. and R. M. Henderson . “Publicly-funded Science and the Productivity of the Pharmaceutical Industry” NBER Conference on Science and Public Policy, 2000, Washington, DC.
  • Edquist, C. “Systems of Innovation” in Fagerberg. J, D. C. Mowery and R.R. Nelson(eds), The Oxford Handbook of Innovation, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005, 181 - 208
  • Godin, B. “The Linear Model of Innovation: The Historical Construction of an Analytical Framework”, Project on the History and Sociology of S&T Statistics Working Paper no: 20, 2005, pp. 1-36
  • Guellec, D. and B. V.P.D.L.Potterie. “The impact of public R&D expenditure on business R&D”. OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry (STI) Working Papers, 2000. Paris: 1-26.
  • Hobday, M. “Firm level innovation models: perspectives on research in developed and developing countries”, Technology Analysis and Strategic Management, 17, 2005, 121-146.
  • Hussinger, K. “R&D and subsidies at the firm level: an application of parametric and semi- parametric two-step selection models”, Center for European Economic Research (ZEW), Discussion Paper No. 03 – 63, 2003, Mannheim.
  • Klette, T. J., Moen, J. and Z. Griliches. “Do subsidies to commercial R&D reduce market failures? Microeconometric evaluation studies”, Research Policy, 29 :4/5, 2000, 471–495.
  • Kline, S. J. and N. Rosenberg, “An overview of innovation”, in R. Landau and N. Rosenberg (eds), The Positive Sum Strategy: Harnessing Technology for Economic Growth, National Academy Press, Washington, DC.1986, 275-305.
  • Lach, S. “Do R&D subsidies stimulate or displace private R&D? Evidence from Israel”, Journal of Industrial Economics, 50 :4, 2000, 369–390.
  • Marinova, D. and J. Phillimore. “Models of Innovation”, in L. V. Shavinina(eds), The International Handbook on Innovation, Oxford, Elsevier Ltd, 2003, 44-54
  • Metcalfe, S. “Innovation Systems, innovation policy and restless capitalism”, in Malerba, F. and S. Brusoni (eds), Perspectives on Innovation, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2007,.441
  • Metcalfe, S. “The Economic Foundations of Technology Policy: Equilibrium and Evolutionary Perspectives” in Stoneman, P., Handbook of the Economics of Innovation and Technological Change, Oxford, Balckwell Ltd.,1995
  • OECD (2002). Frascati Manual, Paris: OECD.
  • Özçelik, E. and Taymaz, E., “R&D Support Programs in Developing Countries: The Turkish Experience”, Research Policy, 37, 2008, 258-275
  • Rothwell,R. “ Successful industrial innovation: critical factors for the 1990s”, R&D Management ,22:3, 1992, 221 – 240
  • Solow, R. M. “Technical Change and the Aggregate Production Function” The Review of Economics and Statistics, 39:3, 1957, 312-320.
  • Scott, A., G. Steyn, A. Geuna,S. Brusoni and E. Steinmueller. “The Economic Returns to Basic Research and the Benefits of University-Industry Relationships: A Literature Review and Update of Findings.” Report for the Office of Science and Technology by SPRU, University of Sussex, Tidd, J. (2006). Innovation Models, http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/portal/pls/portallive/docs/1/7290726.PDF [indirme tarihi:12.01.2009]
  • Tijssen, R. “Global and domestic utilization of industrial relevant science: patent citation analysis of science-technology interactions and knowledge flows.” Research Policy, 30, 2001,35-54.
  • Toole, A. “The impact of public basic research on industrial innovation: evidence from the pharmaceutical industry.” SIEPR Discussion Paper No. 00-07. Stanford, CA., 2000
  • Tunzelmann, N. and V. Acha, “ Innovation in “Low Tech” Industries”, in Fagerberg. J, D. C. Mowery and R.R. Nelson (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Innovation, Oxford: Oxford University Press,2005,407-432.
  • Wallsten, S. J. “The effects of government-industry R&D programs on private R&D: the case of the Small Business Innovation Research Program”, Rand Journal of Economics 31:1, 2000, 82–

KAMU AR-GE DESTEKLERİ VE YENİLİK MODELLERİ: KAMU AR-GE POLİTİKALARININ MEŞRULAŞTIRILMASI İÇİN HANGİ YENİLİK MODELİ SEÇİLMELİ?

Yıl 2009, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 25 - 39, 01.12.2009

Yelda Erden

Öz

İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrasında, “yenilik” kavramı savaşa giren ülkelerin yeniden yapılanma süreçlerinde ve Ar-Ge çalışmalarının yükselen trendinden etkilenen diğer ülkelerde popüler hale gelmiştir. Ar-Ge harcamalarında etkin olmayan kaynak dağılımı ve eksik yatırımın varlığı söz konusu olduğundan, bu dönemde kamu sektörünün rolü önem kazanmıştır. Bunun ardındaki temel neden ise Ar-Ge çalışmalarının sosyal getirisinin, özel getirisinden fazla olmasıdır. Bu noktadan hareketle, kamu sektörünün Ar-Ge faaliyetlerini desteklemesi gündeme gelmiştir. Kamu Ar-Ge desteklerinin meşrulaştırılması için dayandığı temel teorik çerçeve ise “doğrusal yenilik modelleri” olarak belirlenmiştir. Doğrusal yenilik modelleri; kolaylığı ve açıklığı ile Kamu Ar-Ge politikalarına temel oluşturması açısından yerinde olmasına rağmen yeterli değildir. Çünkü yenilik süreci karmaşık ve evrimci bir süreçtir ve kamu politikalarının bu süreçteki katkıları diğer yenilik modellerinin önermeleriyle de açıklanabilir. Bu noktadan hareketle, çalışmanın temel araştırma sorusu hangi yenilik modelinin kamu politikalarının oluşturulmasında ve meşrulaştırılmasında temel olarak kullanılabileceği sorusudur. Temek hipotez ise, farklı yenilik modellerinin önermelerinin farklı durumlarda kamu Ar-Ge politikalarını destekleyebileceği önermesidir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kamu Ar-Ge Destekleri Yenilik Modelleri

Kaynakça

  • Autant-Bernard, C. “Science and knowledge flows: evidence from the French case.” Research Policy, 30, 2001, 1069 -1078.
  • Balconi, M., S. Brusoni and L Orsanigo “In Defence of the Linear Model: An Essay” Universita Commerciale Luigi Bocconi Working Papers, 2008 n.216,1-36
  • Beise, M. and H. Stahl “Public research and industrial innovation in Germany.” Research Policy, , 1999, 397- 422.
  • Busom, I., “An empirical evaluation of the effects of R&D subsidies”, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 9 ,2000, 111–148.
  • Caracostas, P.. “The policy-shaper’s anxiety at the innovation kick: how far do innovation theories really help in the world of policy” in Malerba, F. and S. Brusoni(eds), Perspectives on Innovation, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2007, 464-489
  • Cockburn, I. M. and R. M. Henderson . “Publicly-funded Science and the Productivity of the Pharmaceutical Industry” NBER Conference on Science and Public Policy, 2000, Washington, DC.
  • Edquist, C. “Systems of Innovation” in Fagerberg. J, D. C. Mowery and R.R. Nelson(eds), The Oxford Handbook of Innovation, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005, 181 - 208
  • Godin, B. “The Linear Model of Innovation: The Historical Construction of an Analytical Framework”, Project on the History and Sociology of S&T Statistics Working Paper no: 20, 2005, pp. 1-36
  • Guellec, D. and B. V.P.D.L.Potterie. “The impact of public R&D expenditure on business R&D”. OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry (STI) Working Papers, 2000. Paris: 1-26.
  • Hobday, M. “Firm level innovation models: perspectives on research in developed and developing countries”, Technology Analysis and Strategic Management, 17, 2005, 121-146.
  • Hussinger, K. “R&D and subsidies at the firm level: an application of parametric and semi- parametric two-step selection models”, Center for European Economic Research (ZEW), Discussion Paper No. 03 – 63, 2003, Mannheim.
  • Klette, T. J., Moen, J. and Z. Griliches. “Do subsidies to commercial R&D reduce market failures? Microeconometric evaluation studies”, Research Policy, 29 :4/5, 2000, 471–495.
  • Kline, S. J. and N. Rosenberg, “An overview of innovation”, in R. Landau and N. Rosenberg (eds), The Positive Sum Strategy: Harnessing Technology for Economic Growth, National Academy Press, Washington, DC.1986, 275-305.
  • Lach, S. “Do R&D subsidies stimulate or displace private R&D? Evidence from Israel”, Journal of Industrial Economics, 50 :4, 2000, 369–390.
  • Marinova, D. and J. Phillimore. “Models of Innovation”, in L. V. Shavinina(eds), The International Handbook on Innovation, Oxford, Elsevier Ltd, 2003, 44-54
  • Metcalfe, S. “Innovation Systems, innovation policy and restless capitalism”, in Malerba, F. and S. Brusoni (eds), Perspectives on Innovation, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2007,.441
  • Metcalfe, S. “The Economic Foundations of Technology Policy: Equilibrium and Evolutionary Perspectives” in Stoneman, P., Handbook of the Economics of Innovation and Technological Change, Oxford, Balckwell Ltd.,1995
  • OECD (2002). Frascati Manual, Paris: OECD.
  • Özçelik, E. and Taymaz, E., “R&D Support Programs in Developing Countries: The Turkish Experience”, Research Policy, 37, 2008, 258-275
  • Rothwell,R. “ Successful industrial innovation: critical factors for the 1990s”, R&D Management ,22:3, 1992, 221 – 240
  • Solow, R. M. “Technical Change and the Aggregate Production Function” The Review of Economics and Statistics, 39:3, 1957, 312-320.
  • Scott, A., G. Steyn, A. Geuna,S. Brusoni and E. Steinmueller. “The Economic Returns to Basic Research and the Benefits of University-Industry Relationships: A Literature Review and Update of Findings.” Report for the Office of Science and Technology by SPRU, University of Sussex, Tidd, J. (2006). Innovation Models, http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/portal/pls/portallive/docs/1/7290726.PDF [indirme tarihi:12.01.2009]
  • Tijssen, R. “Global and domestic utilization of industrial relevant science: patent citation analysis of science-technology interactions and knowledge flows.” Research Policy, 30, 2001,35-54.
  • Toole, A. “The impact of public basic research on industrial innovation: evidence from the pharmaceutical industry.” SIEPR Discussion Paper No. 00-07. Stanford, CA., 2000
  • Tunzelmann, N. and V. Acha, “ Innovation in “Low Tech” Industries”, in Fagerberg. J, D. C. Mowery and R.R. Nelson (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Innovation, Oxford: Oxford University Press,2005,407-432.
  • Wallsten, S. J. “The effects of government-industry R&D programs on private R&D: the case of the Small Business Innovation Research Program”, Rand Journal of Economics 31:1, 2000, 82–
Toplam 26 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Yelda Erden

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Aralık 2009
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2009 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Erden, Y. (2009). KAMU AR-GE DESTEKLERİ VE YENİLİK MODELLERİ: KAMU AR-GE POLİTİKALARININ MEŞRULAŞTIRILMASI İÇİN HANGİ YENİLİK MODELİ SEÇİLMELİ?. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi, 1(2), 25-39.
AMA Erden Y. KAMU AR-GE DESTEKLERİ VE YENİLİK MODELLERİ: KAMU AR-GE POLİTİKALARININ MEŞRULAŞTIRILMASI İÇİN HANGİ YENİLİK MODELİ SEÇİLMELİ?. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi. Aralık 2009;1(2):25-39.
Chicago Erden, Yelda. “KAMU AR-GE DESTEKLERİ VE YENİLİK MODELLERİ: KAMU AR-GE POLİTİKALARININ MEŞRULAŞTIRILMASI İÇİN HANGİ YENİLİK MODELİ SEÇİLMELİ?”. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi 1, sy. 2 (Aralık 2009): 25-39.
EndNote Erden Y (01 Aralık 2009) KAMU AR-GE DESTEKLERİ VE YENİLİK MODELLERİ: KAMU AR-GE POLİTİKALARININ MEŞRULAŞTIRILMASI İÇİN HANGİ YENİLİK MODELİ SEÇİLMELİ?. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi 1 2 25–39.
IEEE Y. Erden, “KAMU AR-GE DESTEKLERİ VE YENİLİK MODELLERİ: KAMU AR-GE POLİTİKALARININ MEŞRULAŞTIRILMASI İÇİN HANGİ YENİLİK MODELİ SEÇİLMELİ?”, Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 1, sy. 2, ss. 25–39, 2009.
ISNAD Erden, Yelda. “KAMU AR-GE DESTEKLERİ VE YENİLİK MODELLERİ: KAMU AR-GE POLİTİKALARININ MEŞRULAŞTIRILMASI İÇİN HANGİ YENİLİK MODELİ SEÇİLMELİ?”. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi 1/2 (Aralık 2009), 25-39.
JAMA Erden Y. KAMU AR-GE DESTEKLERİ VE YENİLİK MODELLERİ: KAMU AR-GE POLİTİKALARININ MEŞRULAŞTIRILMASI İÇİN HANGİ YENİLİK MODELİ SEÇİLMELİ?. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi. 2009;1:25–39.
MLA Erden, Yelda. “KAMU AR-GE DESTEKLERİ VE YENİLİK MODELLERİ: KAMU AR-GE POLİTİKALARININ MEŞRULAŞTIRILMASI İÇİN HANGİ YENİLİK MODELİ SEÇİLMELİ?”. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 1, sy. 2, 2009, ss. 25-39.
Vancouver Erden Y. KAMU AR-GE DESTEKLERİ VE YENİLİK MODELLERİ: KAMU AR-GE POLİTİKALARININ MEŞRULAŞTIRILMASI İÇİN HANGİ YENİLİK MODELİ SEÇİLMELİ?. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi. 2009;1(2):25-39.