Dionysos- Eros- Panter: Diphilos İmzalı Bir Terrakotta Figürin

Yıl 2022, , 165 - 179, 31.10.2022

Elçin Doğan Gürbüzer

https://doi.org/10.51493/egearkeoloji.1101476

Öz

Hellenistik Dönem ile birlikte Pişmiş Toprak Figürin endüstrisinde üretimin gelişmesi, birçok üretim işliğinin de kurulmasına yol açmıştır. Söz konusu atölyeler ile ilgili en net bilgi, figürinlerin üzerindeki imza ve monograflar yoluyla edinilebilmektedir. Antik Dönemdeki koroplathos ismiyle bilinen terrakotta üreticileri, özellikle Aolis bölgesindeki Myrina kentindeki kazılardan elde edilen veriler aracılığıyla saptanmıştır. Bu üreticilerin ya da atölyelerin arasında Diphilos en bilinenidir. Diphilos’ a ait eserler günümüzde dünyanın çeşitli müze ve koleksiyonlarında bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada ele alınan Diphilos imzalı figürin, İzmir Karaoğlu Koleksiyonuna aittir. Söz konusu figürin, Dionysos, Eros ve panter figürlerini kapsayan bir üçlemeden oluşmaktadır. Merkez figür Dionysos, yarı çıplak ve feminen bir tarzda betimlenmiştir. Tipik Hellenistik stilde çıplak ve çocuk Eros ve panter figürleri ana figüre doğru odaklanmış ve böylece piramidal bir kompozisyon yaratılmıştır. Aynı tip figürin grubu Diphilos dışında başka atölyelerde de üretilmiştir. Ancak bu eserin en yakın örneği Atina Arkeoloji Okulu’nda bulunan yine Diphilos imzalı bir başka figürindir. Olasılıkla bu iki eser aynı kalıptan üretilmişlerdir. İkonografik açıdan ise Dionysos’un feminen betimi, antik literatürde de sözü edilen tanrının çift cinsiyetli kimliğini, Eros ile birlikteliği ise her iki tanrının çılgınlık duygusunu yayma konusundaki ortak misyonlarını ortaya koyar.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pişmiş toprak figürin, koroplastik, figürin atölyesi, Diphilos, Dionysos.

Dionysus-Eros-Panther: A Terracotta Figurine Inscribed by Diphilos

Öz

With the Hellenistic Period, the development of production in the Terracotta Figurine industry led to the establishment of many production workshops. The clearest information about those workshops can be obtained through the signatures and monograms printed which were stamped on the figurines. The terracotta producers, known as koroplathos in the Ancient Period, were identified especially through the data obtained from the excavations in the city of Myrina in the Aolis region. Among these manufacturers or workshops Diphilos is the most well-known. The terracotta figurines signed by Diphilos can be found in various museums and collections around the world today. The figurine which is discussed in this study, belongs to the İzmir Karaoğlu Collection. The figurine consists of a trilogy that includes the figures of Dionysus, Eros and panther. The central figure, Dionysus, is depicted in a half-naked and feminine style. The nude and child Eros that reflects the Hellenistic style and panther figures are focused towards the main figure creating a pyramidal composition. The same type of figurine group was produced in other workshops besides Diphilos. However, the closest example of this figurine is located in French School at Athens. It is possible that these two figurines were produced from the same mold. From an iconographic point of view, the feminine depiction of Dionysus reveals the androgynous identity of the god mentioned in the ancient literature, and his association with Eros reveals the common mission of both gods in spreading the sense of insanity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Terracotta figurine, coroplastic terracotta workshop, Diphilos, Dionysus

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